Cytokeratin and Vimentin Expression in Primary and Recurrent Carcinoma of the Vulva

1996

Radical vulvectomy for the treatment of a vulvar carcinoma inevitably entails severe psychosexual consequences for the patients. Thus, for such tumors, reliable histological prognostic parameters are needed to allow; when appropriate, the use of less radical operative measures. One possible approach to this problem might be to examine tumors immunohistochemically for the presence of cytoskeletal components. To assess the utility of this method, we applied a panel of antibodies directed against cytokeratins (CKs) and vimentin to a groups of vulvar carcinomas (62 primary and 35 recurrent tumors) and examined the results for possible correlations with the course of disease and various clinical…

Active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation — Instructor and student manual for teaching and training

1996

In an attempt to standardize the teaching and training of active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ACD-CPR), a group of leading emergency physicians, cardiologists, anesthesiologists, paramedics and nurses with practical, theoretical, educational, and scientific experience in the subject met in June 1995. The group was called The International Working Group of Teaching and Training Active Compression-Decompression CPR. The group was 'born' as a result of the first International Conference of Active Compression-Decompression CPR held in Copenhagen in March 1995. The following paper describes the background, development and text of and ACD-CPR course manual for both stu…

Constructing Good Solutions for the Spanish School Timetabling Problem

1996

In the school timetabling problem a set of lessons (combinations of classes, teachers, subjects and rooms) has to be scheduled within the school week. Considering classes, teachers and rooms as resources for the lessons, the problem may be viewed as the scheduling of a project subject to resource constraints. We have developed an algorithm with three phases. In Phase I an initial solution is built by using the scheme of parallel heuristic algorithm with priority rules, but imbedding at each period the construction of a maximum cardinality independent set on a resource graph. In Phase II a tabu search procedure starts from the solution of Phase I and obtains a feasible solution to the proble…

α,β-Poly(N-Hydroxyethyl)-DL-Aspartamide Hydrogels as Drug Delivery Devices

1996

α,β-poly(N-hydroxyethyl)-DL-aspartamide (PHEA) was exposed to gamma radiation to obtain micromatrices able to swell in an aqueous medium. Crosslinked PHEA was loaded with an anti-inflammatory drug, 4-biphenylacetic acid (BPAA) and the drug dispersion in the network was investigated by X-ray analysis. The BPAA loaded PHEA microparticles were also characterized by dimensional analysis, which showed the presence of quasispherical shapes. The drug release from PHEA hydrogel was studied in vitro in a pH 1.1 (simulated gastric juice) and in a pH 7.4 buffer solution, respectively. The experimental data indicate that an anomalous delivery occurs, but Fickian diffusion through swollen PHEA hydrogel…

Theoretical study of the mechanism of branching rearrangement of carbenium ions

1996

Abstract Owing to the practical interest of the acid catalyzed isomerization reactions of hydrocarbons, the mechanism of the branching rearrangements of C 4 H 9 + and C 5 H 11 + carbenium ions has been studied theoretically using ab initio methods which include electron correlation and extended basis sets. It has been found that the protonated cyclopropane-type species does not appear as a common intermediate for these reactions, since it is a transition state and not a minimum on the potential energy surfaces studied. In the case of C 4 H 9 + cation, the protonated methyl-cyclopropane ring is the transition state for the carbon scrambling reaction in the secondary n-butyl cation, while the…

Services for Young Children and Families: Evaluating Intervention Cycles

1996

To advance the national early intervention agenda, priority must be assigned to the evaluation of services for families of infants and young children with developmental disabilities. This priority for evaluation rests on current considerations for accountability to families, accountability to fundin

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1996

An iterative, approximative procedure is presented, to calibrate the determination of molar masses of polymers with gel-permeation chromatography, additionally using viscometry, and transformations, according to Benoit's concept of universal calibration, even if only polymers with broad molar mass distribution are available. The calculated (intermediate) values of the average molar masses from each step of iteration converge to final values. With at least two fractions of the polymers to be analyzed, and with measured intrinsic viscosities of the fractions, a calibration curve of gel-permeation chromatography and Mark-Houwink's constants can be determined. Assumptions for the use of the cal…

Immunonegative Staining: Epitope Localization on Macromolecules

1996

Relevant literature relating to immunonegative staining is reviewed and integrated with current research of the author and others. The immunonegative staining procedure has been utilized for the study of epitope localization on immune complexes formed from keyhole limpet hemocyanin type 2 (KLH2) di- and multidecamers, and the 20S and 26S proteasome from Xenopus laevis. The IgG linkage pattern of molecules in small immune complexes is considered to provide the most reliable indication of epitope location. For both KLH2 and the 20S proteasome, using domain-specific monoclonal antibodies and a 32-kDa (p32) subunit-specific polyclonal antibody, respectively, it is shown that epitopes (KLH2, sub…

Predictors of sports spectators' proclivity for riotous behaviour in Finland and Canada

1996

Male spectators (N = 178) attending hockey games in Finland and Canada provided ratings of the strength of their motives for attendance. Of six plausible reasons, liking to watch player fights was rated least important by the Finns whereas it was third in importance for Canadians. Subjects also provided information with regard to their age, fight history, the number of accompanying persons and completed a measure of sensation seeking. With the exception of the number of accompanying persons, all variables were related in both countries to subjects self-reported likelihood of escalating a crowd disturbance. The results were discussed in the context of previous findings from a series of field…

Sauerstoff-Versorgung und Säure-Basen-Status bei extremer Anämie

1996

Anatomical differences in responsiveness to vasoconstrictors in the mesenteric veins from normal and portal hypertensive rats

1996

The present study evaluates the effects of pre-hepatic portal hypertension, induced in rats by partial portal vein ligation, on the responsiveness of rostral (proximal) and caudal (distal) rings from the mesenteric vein. The anatomical origin of the sample influenced the response to vasoconstrictors in sham-operated animals, and this pattern of reactivity was specifically modified in portal-ligated rats. In veins from sham-operated rats, contraction induced by a submaximal concentration of KCl (60 mM) was greater in proximal than in distal rings. Vasopressin and 5-hydroxytryptamine contracted mainly distal rings, methoxamine showed a greater effect on proximal rings, and endothelin-1 and an…

Is there a need for a new cultural policy strategy in the Nordic welfare state?

1996

Cultural policies have existed as a structural element of the Nordic welfare states from the very beginning. Today these policies are being re‐evaluated, and there are some indications that they may be gradually dismantled. Local cultural politicians in municipalities (cultural boards) and professionals (e.g. cultural secretaries) have become uncertain and anxious about their future role and legitimacy. This new situation is addressed and analysed by using the ideas of Goffman's on‐and off‐stage representations, and Foucault's governmentality. Important background factors in the development of cultural policies both in the past, present and future are identified and used to explain the pres…

The mobility of charge carriers in all four phases of the columnar discotic material hexakis(hexylthio)triphenylene: Combined TOF and PR-TRMC results

1996

Ubiquitin-like epitopes associated with Candida albicans cell surface receptors

1996

We have recently reported the cloning of a Candida albicans polyubiquitin gene and the presence of ubiquitin in the cell wall of this fungus. The polyubiquitin cDNA clone was isolated because of its reactivity with antibodies generated against the candidal 37-kDa laminin-binding protein. In the present study, we have further investigated the relationship between ubiquitin and cell wall components displaying receptor-like activities, including the 37-kDa laminin receptor, the 58-kDa fibrinogen-binding mannoprotein, and the candidal C3d receptor. Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis and immunoblot experiments with antibodies against ubiquitin and the individually purified receptor-like mo…

Pertussis-specific cell-mediated immunity in infants after vaccination with a tricomponent acellular pertussis vaccine.

1996

The aim of this study was to investigate pertussis-specific cell-mediated immunity in infants vaccinated with a tricomponent acellular vaccine. Infants were investigated during a primary vaccination schedule from the third month of life to the sixth month as well as before and after a booster at 15 to 24 months. This is the first report of specific cell-mediated immune responses to pertussis-related antigens in infants below the age of 12 months. Our data show that the vaccine induces T-cell responses specific for the vaccine components, detoxified pertussis toxin, filamentous hemagglutinin, and pertactin, that increase progressively over the course of the vaccination schedule. In contrast …

MICRODISSECTION AND DOP-PCR-BASED REVERSE CHROMOSOME PAINTING AS A FAST AND RELIABLE STRATEGY IN THE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS STRUCTURAL CHROMOSOME ABNORM…

1996

Reverse chromosome painting has become a powerful tool in clinical genetics for the characterization of cytogenetically unclassifiable aberrations. In this report, the application of a sensitive and rapid procedure for the complete and precise identification of four different de novo structural chromosome abnormalities is presented. These chromosome rearrangements include a marker derived from chromosome 3(cen-q11), an interstitial deletion of chromosome 13 [del(13)(q14q22)], an unbalanced translocation [46,XY, -4, +der(4)t(4;8)(p 15.2;p21.1)] leading to Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, and a partial inverted duplication in conjunction with a partial deletion of chromosome 5p [46,XX, -5, +der(5)(:…

Comparison between two measuring methods for complete characterization of low-noise HEMTs at microwaves

1996

The good performances of a set-up for the complete characterization of HEMTs up to 40 Ghz in terms of noise and scattering parameters through noise figure measurements only are shown by many experimental results. Because of some inconveniences in practice the use of the method is suggested for research laboratories only. For industrial applications an alternative symplified method is proposed whose performances are shown to be in surprising agreement with the ones of the standard method.

Light-induced excited spin-state trapping of the Fe(ppi)2(NCS)2 complex

1996

Epidermal Cells Enhance Interleukin 4 and Immunoglobulin E Production After Stimulation with Protein Allergen

1996

Exposure to certain allergens via epithelial tissues is the primary route for tile induction of immunoglobulin E–dependent allergies of the immediate type associated with atopic diseases. In order to address the question whether and how epithelial cells might contribute to the induction or increase of T H2 -dependent IgE production, we performed co-culture experiments of syngeneic epidermal cells and cells from the associated lymphoid tissue or spleen (responder cells) of BALB/c mice primed with ovalbumin in vivo . In the presence of ovalbumin in vitro , immunoglobulin E but not immunoglobulin G 2a production was significantly enhanced by the addition of epidermal cells, and separation of e…

An extended flipped SU(5) GUT model and the fermion mass hierarchy

1996

We present a viable flipped version of the SO(10) model consistent with the phenomenological requirements of having a non-trivial quark mixing matrix, natural doublet-triplet splitting, and a single pair of light electroweak Higgs doublet scalar bosons. In the presence of suitable non-renormalizable superpotential terms the model can reproduce the hierarchy observed in quark masses and mixings as well as an acceptable neutrino mass generated via the seesaw mechanism needed to explain dark matter and solar neutrino data.

Growth, inflation and the exchange rate regime

1996

Abstract According to the Balassa-Samuelson effect, growth and inflation are positively correlated in economies with pegged currencies. This paper shows that the costs of inflation on long-term growth are underestimated in samples that include countries and periods with fixed exchange rate regimes.

The catalytic activity of the endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein microsomal epoxide hydrolase towards carcinogens is retained on inversion of its…

1996

Diol epoxides formed by the sequential action of cytochrome P-450 and the microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) represent an important class of ultimate carcinogenic metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The role of the membrane orientation of cytochrome P-450 and mEH relative to each other in this catalytic cascade is not known. Cytochrome P-450 is known to have a type I topology. According to the algorithm of Hartman, Rapoport and Lodish [(1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86, 5786–5790], which allows the prediction of the membrane topology of proteins, mEH should adopt a type II membrane topology. Experimentally, mEH membrane topology has been …

Glioblastoma-associated circulating monocytes and the release of epidermal growth factor.

1996

✓ Monocytes/macrophages frequently infiltrate malignant gliomas and play a central role in the tumor-associated immune response as they process tumor antigen and present it to T-lymphocytes. Findings have accumulated that peripheral blood monocytes leaving the cerebral circulation become microglial cells and vice versa and that monocytes/macrophages may stimulate malignant tumor growth by some unknown mechanism. Most malignant gliomas express growth factor receptors, for example epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The aim of this study was to determine whether peripheral blood monocytes of glioma patients release EGF, the appropriate ligand of gliomacell membrane-bound EGFR. Long-term …

Circadian gastric acidity in Helicobacter pylori positive ulcer patients with and without gastric metaplasia in the duodenum.

1996

BACKGROUND: The presence of gastric metaplasia allows helicobacter pylori to colonise the duodenum and this condition is thought to be acquired as a response to acid hypersecretion. This functional disorder, however, is present only in a subgroup of duodenal ulcer patients and, in addition, surface gastric metaplasia has been frequently found in the proximal duodenum of normal subjects and patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia, who cannot be certainly considered as acid hypersecretors. AIMS: To clarify the role of acid in inducing gastric type epithelium in the duodenum. This study aimed at assessing whether the pattern of circadian gastric acidity differs between H pylori positive duodenal ulc…

Topical Anti-Inflammatory Lignans from Haplophyllum hispanicum Haplophyllum hispanicum

1996

The present paper reports the results of the methanol extract of Haplophyllum hispanicum Spach on single or repeated local 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA) administration and in the oxazolone-induced contact-delayed hypersensitivity mouse ear edemas. Two topical anti-inflammatory aryl naphthalide lignans were isolated from the active fractions of the methanol extract. They were identified by spectroscopic methods, including 13C NMR and heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC), as diphyllin acetyl apioside and tuberculatin. The former was the most active on acute TPA edema with a ID50 of 0.27 μmol/ear

Penetrant diffusion in frozen polymer matrices: A finite-size scaling study of free volume percolation

1996

The diffusion of penetrant particles in frozen polymer matrices is investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulations of the bond fluctuation model. By applying finite-size scaling to data obtained from very large systems it is demonstrated that the diffusion process takes place on a percolating free volume cluster describable by a correlated site percolation model which falls into the same universality class as random percolation. The diverging correlation length entails a pronounced dependence of the diffusion constant on the size of the simulated system. It is shown that this dependence is appreciable for a wide range of parameters around the transition. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American …

PACAP induces bradycardia in guinea-pig heart by stimulation of atrial cholinergic neurones

1996

Based on previous studies which indicated that pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) acts as a positive inotropic and chronotropic substance in different species via the cAMP signal transduction pathway, the objective of the present work was to investigate cAMP-regulated myocardial key proteins in response to PACAP in isolated ventricular cells of the guinea pig. Surprisingly, the two molecular forms of PACAP, PACAP(1-27) and PACAP(1-38), showed no effect on intracellular cAMP-levels, L-type Ca2+ channel current or phosphorylation of troponin inhibitor (TnI) and phospholamban (PLB). Additionally, inotropy of isolated guinea-pig ventricular strips was not affected by the neu…

Distribution of gamma‐tubulin differs in primary and secondary oocytes of Ephestia kuehniella (Pyralidae, Lepidoptera)

1996

In a previous study, barrel-shaped spindles were found in metaphase I oocytes of Ephestia kuehniella (Pyralidae, Lepidoptera). Aster microtubules (MTs) were missing (Wolf, 1993 : Cell Motil Cytoskeleton 24 :200-204). This points to an acentriolar organization of the spindle apparatus. The present study was aimed at the question of whether gamma-tubulin, a newly detected member of the tubulin superfamily that has often been identified in microtubule-organizing centers, plays a role in the nucleation of MTs in meiotic spindles of the moth. To this end, the distribution of gamma-tubulin was examined in oocytes of E. kuehniella using an antibody against gamma-tubulin in combination with indirec…

New cytostatic agents obtained by molecular topology

1996

Abstract Four new cytostatic compounds have been obtained by computer aided selection based on Molecular Connectivity, a topological approach to molecular structural study. Three of them, namely tetracycline, doxycycline and piromidic acid are well known antibiotic agents, and the fourth, carminic acid, is an innocuous colorant. Although no previous report of activity was found, on the used cell lines, for any of the selected compounds, carminic acid may be considered a new lead one since no structure-related cytostatic molecules have been reported in the literature. These results are interesting for two reasons: First, new potential low-toxicity anticancer drugs show to be a possible thera…

A method of measuring the apical base

1996

SUMMARY The maxillary and mandibular apical base areas were measured, using a gnathograph, on the study casts of 156 adults and children representing Class II division 1, Class II division 2 and Class III malocclusions. There were significant differences between the groups at each age. The maxillary apical base areas tended to be smaller for the adults than for the children in all three occlusal classes. By contrast, the mandibular apical base areas tended to be larger for the adults than for the children, except in Class II division 1 malocclusion. Following a logarithmic transformation to stabilize the variance, regression lines were fitted to relate the size of the maxillary and mandibul…

Identification of picobirnavirus from faeces of Italian children suffering from acute diarrhea

1996

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of nucleic acid extracted from stool samples of diarrhoeic children revealed in 3 out of 690 (0.43 %) specimens two electrophoretic bands with a migration pattern characteristic of picobirnavirus ds-RNA. In none of the 92 control children were similar bands detected. No other potential enteric pathogens were found in the patients with picobirnavirus infection.

Pharmacological distribution diagrams: a tool for de novo drug design.

1996

Abstract Discriminant analysis applied to SAR studies using topological descriptors allows us to plot frequency distribution diagrams: a function of the number of drugs within an interval of values of discriminant function vs. these values. We make use of these representations, pharmacological distribution diagrams (PDDs), in structurally heterogeneous groups where generally they adopt skewed Gaussian shapes or present several maxima. The maxima afford intervals of discrimianant function in which exists a good expectancy to find new active drugs. A set of β-blockers with contrasted activity has been selected to test the ability of PDDs as a visualizing technique, for the identification of n…

Direct mass measurements of unstable rare earth isotopes with the ISOLTRAP mass spectrometer

1996

Abstract Direct mass measurements of neutron deficient rare earth isotopes in the vicinity of 146 Gd were performed for the first time with the Penning trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP at ISOLDE/CERN. Since ISOL-facilities deliver these isotopes with a large amount of isobaric contamination, these measurements became possible only after the installation of a new cooler trap which acts as an isobar separator. To date more than 40 isotopes of the elements Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Dy, and Ho have been measured with a typical accuracy of δm ≈ 14 keV. Some of these isotopes provide an important anchor for many other isotopes linked by known Q-values.

Bilaterale Acetabulumfrakturen der vorderen Pfeiler und Wirbelkörperfraktur nach alkoholinduziertem Krampfanfall

1996

The case of a 54-year-old male with a compression fracture of the T 12 vertebral body and a bilateral anterior column fracture of the acetabulum is presented. The origin of this rare combination of fractures is explained by the action of the patient's own muscle force on bone of very poor quality. The treatment of these lesions is comparable to the treatment of similar fractures in bone of normal quality.

A prospective study on the risk of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia among healthy subjects with serum antibodies to HPV compared with HPV DNA in c…

1996

To estimate the risk of developing cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) among women exposed to human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16, we performed a prospective study in a population-based cohort of more than 15,000 women followed for 34.9 months. Seventy-four women developed CIN during follow-up and were matched for age, time of sampling and area of residence with 148 women who remained CIN-free during follow-up. The blood samples taken at enrollment were tested for serum antibodies to HPV types 16, 18 and 33 capsids. Cervical smears or biopsies were analyzed for the presence of HPV DNA by nested PCR using HPV general primers and by HPV 16- and 18-type-specific PCR. HPV serology and HPV-…

Softening Transitions with Quenched 2D Gravity

1996

We perform extensive Monte Carlo simulations of the 10-state Potts model on quenched two-dimensional $\Phi^3$ gravity graphs to study the effect of quenched connectivity disorder on the phase transition, which is strongly first order on regular lattices. The numerical data provides strong evidence that, due to the quenched randomness, the discontinuous first-order phase transition of the pure model is softened to a continuous transition.