showing 36 of ~574560 from 574555 documents
Importance des voies de recyclage de la méthionine dans le contrôle de la plasticité de la composition protéique des graines
2021
International audience; La production de protéines végétales en France et en Europe nécessite de fournir des outils d’aide à la sélection de variétés de légumineuses produisant des graines de meilleure valeur nutritionnelle possible. Bien que certains constituants réputés antinutritionnels aient été réduits dans les graines des variétés de légumineuses, la fraction protéique reste à améliorer et à stabiliser pour d’avantage d’équilibre en acides aminés. Cet enjeu nécessite d’identifier les gènes contrôlant la composition protéique des graines et sa plasticité vis-à-vis de l’environnement. Une approche de génétique d’association à l’échelle du génome (GWAS) appliquée à 200 écotypes de Medica…
Optimal Solutions for the Use of Sewage Sludge on Agricultural Lands
2021
The use of sewage sludge in agriculture decreases the pressure on landfills. In Romania, massive investments have been made in wastewater treatment stations, which have resulted in the accumulation of important quantities of sewage sludge. The presence of these sewage sludges coincides with large areas of degraded agricultural land. The aim of the present article is to identify the best technological combinations meant to solve these problems simultaneously. Adapting the quality and parameters of the sludge to the specificity of the land solves the possible compatibility problems, thus reducing the impact on the environment. The physico-chemical characteristics of the fermented sludge were …
Optimisation de la gestion des bruches et de la transformation des féveroles et lentilles pour de nouveaux produits agroalimentaires contenant des pr…
2021
International audience
Educating to inspire active learning approaches in mathematics in Norwegian universities
2021
This is a report of an analysis of some of the data generated by a national survey of teaching approaches used in higher education mathematics courses. The overall purpose of the survey was to explore how widespread is the use of teaching approaches that might promote students’ active learning of mathematics. The paper includes a brief presentation of the authors meaning of the expression “teaching actions that have the potential to promote active learning”. The analysis focuses on the responses of 95 lecturers working in 13 Norwegian HE institutions. The goal is to expose underlying patterns in lecturers’ responses to questions about the teaching actions they may incorporate in their pract…
Effect of cylinder power and axis changes on vision in astigmatic participants: A comment [letter]
2021
Dear editor We read with interest the article by Sha et al1 in the March 2019 issue. This study evaluated the effects of misalignment axis and undercorrecting cylinder powers on the visual performance of astigmatic people. The aim of this work was mainly to assist eye-care practitioners in reducing the number of toric contact lenses stock-keeping units. The authors analyze the effect of astigmatic undercorrection by 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 DC, at different amounts of misalignments up to 30°. In this analysis, the effects of cylinder power, cylinder axis and their mutual interaction are analyzed separately. However, it is well known that cylinder power and axis are not independent variables; in …
It’s Beyond Our Group ZPD
2021
This study is a replication of Upper (1974). Our results are identical. We too have been unable to focus and accomplish our writing goals since the beginning of the global pandemic. We are certainly not alone, and we would like to recognize all of our colleagues who have also had to take on additional responsibilities at work and at home over the past year that have made writing nearly impossible.
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2021
Studies on the function of PRDM9 in model systems and its evolution during vertebrate divergence shed light on the basic molecular mechanisms of hybrid sterility and its evolutionary consequences. However, information regarding PRDM9-homolog, PRDM7, whose origin is placed in the primate evolutionary tree, as well as information about the fast-evolving DNA-binding zinc finger array of strepsirrhine PRDM9 are scarce. Thus, we aimed to narrow down the date of the duplication event leading to the emergence of PRDM7 during primate evolution by comparing the phylogenetic tree reconstructions of representative primate samples of PRDM orthologs and paralogs. To confirm our PRDM7 paralogization patt…
GW190521 as a Merger of Proca Stars: A Potential New Vector Boson of 8.7×10−13 eV
2021
Advanced LIGO-Virgo have reported a short gravitational-wave signal (GW190521) interpreted as a quasicircular merger of black holes, one at least populating the pair-instability supernova gap, that formed a remnant black hole of ${M}_{f}\ensuremath{\sim}142\text{ }\text{ }{M}_{\ensuremath{\bigodot}}$ at a luminosity distance of ${d}_{L}\ensuremath{\sim}5.3\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{Gpc}$. With barely visible pre-merger emission, however, GW190521 merits further investigation of the pre-merger dynamics and even of the very nature of the colliding objects. We show that GW190521 is consistent with numerically simulated signals from head-on collisions of two (equal mass and spin) horizonless vecto…
The culture of product development in student organisations
2021
Product development in a multidisciplinary student organisation brings many challenges; varyingexperience, adaptation and involvement of members. This article will discuss how a multidisciplinarystudent project maintains a learning culture for product development and project management.The identified factors for a learning culture; 1) define product specifications, 2) involvealumnis, 3) facilitate an open minded culture for failure and learning and 4) collect experience andadapt an agile framework suitable for the project. These are factors that should be an implementedpart to increase the chances of maintaining a learning culture.Align Racing UiA, the case of this study, is a student organ…
Why Did They Leave School? A Self Determination Theory Perspective into Narratives of Finnish Early School Leavers
2021
The present study aims to provide insights into the experiences of early school leavers within the Finnish context. We conducted a narrative inquiry among eleven early school leavers who were in prison when they were interviewed. Self Determination Theory (SDT), more specifically the concept of frustration of the three basic psychological needs of competence, relatedness and autonomy, and the tendency of people to move towards more supporting environments, was used as an interpretative tool, along with contextual information. We identified three pathways out of school, differing in the locus of need thwarting circumstances and the availability of access to transfer into a more satisfying en…
Effects of stress on chewing and food intake in patients with anorexia nervosa
2021
OBJECTIVE The present study investigates the impact of psychosocial stress on chewing and eating behavior in patients with anorexia nervosa (PAN ). METHOD The eating and chewing behavior of PAN were examined in a standardized setting by means of a chewing sensor. These procedures encompassed n = 19 PAN , age, and gender matched to n = 19 healthy controls (HC). Food intake and chewing frequency were assessed in two experimental conditions: rest versus stress (via Trier Social Stress Test). To verify stress induction, two appraisal scales were employed. In addition, chronic stress, psychological distress and eating disorder symptoms were assessed. RESULTS In terms of food intake and chewing f…
Identification des déterminants génétiques impliqués dans les défenses du pois contre le puceron Acyrthosiphon pisum.
2021
National audience; Le pois (Pisum sativum) constitue une culture d’importance majeure parmi les légumineuses pour ses qualités de plante protéagineuse, notamment en Europe en réduisant la part de protéines végétales importées ainsi que pour son rôle dans la rotation des cultures en fixant l’azote atmosphérique dans le sol. Cependant, ces dernières années, les rendements ont été rendus instables dus aux contraintes biotiques et abiotiques. Pour lutter contre certains ravageurs, les producteurs ont recours à de grandes quantités de pesticides qui sont coûteuses et dangereuses pour l’environnement et la santé humaine. Pour ces raisons, des alternatives sont mises en œuvre tels que le développe…
Life Cycle Energy Consumption and Carbon Dioxide Emissions of Agricultural Residue Feedstock for Bioenergy
2021
The depletion of fossil fuels and climate change concerns are drivers for the development and expansion of bioenergy. Promoting biomass is vital to move civilization toward a low-carbon economy. To meet European Union targets, it is required to increase the use of agricultural residues (including straw) for power generation. Using agricultural residues without accounting for their energy consumed and carbon dioxide emissions distorts the energy and environmental balance, and their analysis is the purpose of this study. In this paper, a life cycle analysis method is applied. The allocation of carbon dioxide emissions and energy inputs in the crop production by allocating between a product (g…
Scalar resonances in the D+→K−K+K+ decay
2021
We study theoretically the resonant structure of the double Cabibbo suppressed $D^+\to K^- K^+K^+$ decay. We start from an elementary production diagram, considered subleading in previous approaches, which cannot produce a final $K^- K^+$ pair at the tree level but which we show to be able to provide the strength of the decay through final meson-meson state interaction. The different meson-meson elementary productions are related through SU(3) and the final rescattering is implemented from a suitable implementation of unitary extensions of ChPT which generate dynamically the scalar resonances $f_0(980)$ and $a_0(980)$. We obtain a good agreement with recent experimental data from the LHCb c…
The Impact of a Mathematics Bridging Intervention on the Inclusivity of a University Economics Programme
2021
The inclusivity of all students in the University Economics programme is in danger due to a high failure rate in the first-year mathematics course. This study investigates whether participation in a bridging course, and what aspects of it, can contribute to equal opportunities and increased inclusivity in the Mathematics for Economists course, and henceforth reduce the failure rate. It adds to the meager European literature on remedial course effectiveness. Through the use of ordinary least square regression analyses, a significant positive effect of participation in the bridging course was found for the student group as a whole. Furthermore, the results indicated that participation was par…
Online mathematics teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: The perspective of lecturers and students
2021
The global spread of the novel coronavirus, Covid-19, reached Norway at the end of February 2020. MatRIC, Centre for Research, Innovation and Coordination of Mathematics Teaching conducted a national survey in Norwegian higher education institutions (HEIs) during June-July 2020 to explore lecturers’ and students’ experiences of online mathematics teaching and learning and to enable sharing of solutions to the challenges encountered. One hundred and twenty-seven students and eighteen lecturers participated in this survey. In this presentation, we will share some of the findings of the survey in relation to the following two themes: challenges of learning and teaching mathematics online, and …
Spin Wave Emission from Vortex Cores under Static Magnetic Bias Fields
2021
We studied the influence of a static in-plane magnetic field on the alternating-field-driven emission of nanoscale spin waves from magnetic vortex cores. Time-resolved scanning transmission X-ray microscopy was used to image spin waves in disk structures of synthetic ferrimagnets and single ferromagnetic layers. For both systems, it was found that an increasing magnetic bias field continuously displaces the wave-emitting vortex core from the center of the disk toward its edge without noticeably altering the spin-wave dispersion relation. In the case of the single-layer disk, an anisotropic lateral expansion of the core occurs at higher magnetic fields, which leads to a directional rather th…
Gruppebasert prosjektoppgave i matematikk: Veiledernes erfaringer
2021
I denne presentasjonen vil vi rapportere veilederes erfaringer med å bidra i et matematisk modelleringsprosjekt. Prosjektet ble introdusert i begynnelsen av første semester matematikkurs for ingeniørstudenter. Målet med prosjektet er å knytte matematikken til realistiske ingeniørgfag problemstillinger og at studentene skal få en nærmere tilknytning til faglærerne i sitt felt. Vi ønsker også å lære studentene flere matematiske kompetanser, som det er vanskelig å trene i forelesninger og øvingstimer. I prosjektet ble 483 studenter delt i 70 grupper som ble veiledet av 20 faglig ansatte fra alle seksjoner av ingeniøravdelingene. Veilederne rapporterer om at de opplever prosjektoppgaven som et …
Do epigenetic clocks provide explanations for sex differences in lifespan? A cross-sectional twin study
2021
ABSTRACTBackgroundThe sex gap in life expectancy has been narrowing in Finland over the past four to five decades; however, on average, women still live longer than men. Epigenetic clocks are markers for biological aging that predict lifespan. In this study, we examined the mediating role of lifestyle factors on the association between sex and biological aging in younger and older adults.MethodsOur sample included same-sex younger and older twins (21-42-y, n = 1110; 50-76-y, n = 763) and younger opposite-sex twins (21-30-y, n = 302). Blood-based DNA methylation (DNAm) was used to compute epigenetic age acceleration by four epigenetic clocks as a measure of biological aging. Path modelling w…
Traque et caractérisation de systèmes de culture innovants intégrant des légumineuses en Bourgogne - Franche-Comté : produire et partager des connais…
2021
National audience; La diversification des cultures dans les systèmes agricoles par l’introduction de légumineuses est un levier essentiel pour bénéficier des services écosystémiques, et tendre vers une durabilité des systèmes (Tibi and Therond, 2017). Mais les surfaces dédiées aux cultures de légumineuses restent encore très limitées, du fait de nombreux obstacles (Meynard et al., 2018). Cependant, quelques agriculteurs cultivent, avec satisfaction, ces espèces. Cette étude s’est appuyée sur une traque aux innovations en ferme (Salembier et al., 2016) en Bourgogne - Franche-Comté, afin de repérer et caractériser des manières réussies d’insérer et de conduire des légumineuses dans des systèm…
Looking through the photoionisation wake: Vela X-1 at $\varphi_\mathrm{orb} \approx 0.75$ with Chandra/HETG
2021
The Supergiant X-ray binary Vela X-1 represents one of the best astrophysical sources to investigate the wind environment of a O/B star irradiated by an accreting neutron star. Previous studies and hydrodynamic simulations of the system revealed a clumpy environment and the presence of two wakes: an accretion wake surrounding the compact object and a photoionisation wake trailing it along the orbit. Our goal is to conduct, for the first time, high-resolution spectroscopy on Chandra/HETG data at the orbital phase $\varphi_\mathrm{orb} \approx 0.75$, when the line of sight is crossing the photoionisation wake. We aim to conduct plasma diagnostics, inferring the structure and the geometry of t…
Une étude exploratoire en supermarché virtuel pour encourager les consommateurs à choisir des produits alimentaires à base de légumes secs : quel imp…
2021
International audience
Product development and project-based learning in Mechatronics, in the context of digitization and sustainability
2021
Engineering projects affect many of the UN’s sustainability goals. The development and design of new products and systems using a circular economy perspective is an important challenge towards a more sustainable society. Product development projects have common process characteristics, but methodologies, tools and methods differ for developing hardware (mechanical and electrical) or developing software. In Mechatronics such methods need to be combined, and product development and project-based learning is well suited for teaching and learning within Mechatronics, in addition to technical specialization subjects within both mechanical, electrical and software engineering. It is also suited f…
High-pressure Raman investigation of high index facets bounded alpha-Fe2O3 pseudocubic crystals
2021
[EN] High index facet bounded alpha-Fe2O3 pseudocubic crystals has gained the attention of the scientific community due to its promising electrochemical sensing response towards aqueous ammonia. The structural stability of alpha-Fe2O3 pseudocubic crystals is investigated through high-pressure Raman spectroscopy up to 22.2 GPa, and those results are compared with our ab initio theoretical calculations. The symmetry of the experimental Raman-active modes has been assigned by comparison with theoretical data. In addition to the Raman-active modes, two additional Raman features are also detected, whose intensity increases with compression. The origin of these two additional peaks addressed in t…
Laser speckle imaging for early detection of microbial colony forming units
2021
In this study, an optical contactless laser speckle imaging technique for the early identification of bacterial colony-forming units was tested. The aim of this work is to compare the laser speckle imaging method for the early assessment of microbial activity with standard visual inspection under white light illumination. In presented research, the growth of Vibrio natriegens bacterial colonies on the solid medium was observed and analyzed. Both – visual examination under white light illumination and laser speckle correlation analysis were performed. Based on various experiments and comparisons with the theoretical Gompertz model, colony radius growth curves were obtained. It was shown that…
Specific norovirus interaction with Lewis x and Lewis a on human intestinal inflammatory mucosa during refractory inflammatory bowel disease
2021
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are progressive diseases affecting millions of people each year. Flare-ups during IBD result in severe mucosal alterations of the small intestine (in CD) and in the colon and rectum (in CD and UC).
MINIMALIST THEORY OF FICTION AND THE ICTHINKING® METHOD AS A BACKGROUND FOR NEW INSIGHTS TO AUTISM
2021
The standard approach to conceptual understanding in the case of autism uses the distinction of abstract versus concrete thinking. This approach has its benefits but fails to explain all features of language use. For example, some concepts change their meaning in different contexts in contrast to concepts that are more rigid in their uses, such as mathematical concepts. This idea has its background in Minimalist theory of fiction (MTF), a theory that considers ‘skills to use words’ essential for understanding fiction, contrasting with theories that require pretending or make believe to understand fiction. From this background, the theory of Integrative Complexity (IC), and the method animat…
Les défis de l'adaptation au changement climatique pour la culture de pois
2021
International audience
EVALUATION OF THE TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF LATVIA’S MUNICIPAL LONG-TERM CARE CENTRES FOR THE ELDERLY
2021
Effects of finding the speech-language pathologist likeable on postlaryngectomy speech intelligibility outcomes
2021
<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) work with patients after total laryngectomy (TL) to regain verbal communication. The influence of the quality of the therapeutic relationship on the success of TL voice rehabilitation in terms of speech intelligibility is not known. Finding each other likeable is an important factor in establishing and maintaining interpersonal relationships in everyday life. The fit of therapist and client is relevant to the therapeutic relationship. The purpose of this study therefore was to assess the association between the degree of SLPs’ likeability ratings and postlaryngectomy speech intelligibility. <b><…
Does Autoimmunity Play a Role in the Immunopathogenesis of Vasculitis Associated With Chronic Chagas Disease?
2021
Chagas disease (CD) is a chronic systemic vector-borne infection caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. It has spread from Latin America through migration, becoming a global issue (Perez-Molina and Molina, 2018). Its prevalence is ∼7 million people worldwide, of whom 30-40% will develop severe chronic complications such as cardiomyopathy or megaviscerae, with a considerable impact on morbimortality (WHO, 2020; WHO, 2021). The parasite is transmitted after metacyclic trypomastigotes in the feces of a triatomine insect enter the host through the bite wound. They penetrate cells and transform into amastigotes, where they multiply by binary fission and differentiate again into circulating t…
Selves, interactive representations and context
2021
Abstract In this paper, I re-examine the notion of ‘clause-as-representation’ in Michael Halliday’s systemic functional theory of language. I argue that ‘representation’ is a mode of linguistic action that cannot be understood in terms of the experiential metafunction alone. Instead, a theoretical account of representation must be undertaken in relation to all the metafunctions. Rejecting encodingist accounts of representation, I develop the argument that representations are interactively constituted and emergent in languaging activity. The paper develops these arguments in relation to a process ontological account of the relations between language and the world-side phenomena that language…
Association of first trimester fetal heart rate and nuchal translucency with preterm birth.
2021
To evaluate whether first trimester fetal heart rate (FHR) and nuchal translucency (NT) associate with preterm birth (PTB).This was a comparative case-control study of 518 normal pregnancies with no history of PTB, of which 272 delivered at term (TB) and 246 progressed to spontaneous PTB prior to 37, 34, 32, and 28 weeks. Fetal heart rate (FHR) and NT values at the first-trimester scan were compared by means of univariable (Mann-Whitney) and multivariable logistic regression analysis considering hourglass membranes (HM) as the most severe PTB subgroup. Finally, severity trends for both parameters were investigated using correlations with gestational age (GA) at delivery and Kruskal-Walls te…
Differences in Norwegian and Swedish student teachers’ explanations of solutions of linear equations
2021
This study draws on data from 146 Norwegian and 161 Swedish student teachers. They were given a correct but short and unannotated solution to the linear equation x + 5 = 4x – 1. The student teachers were invited to explain the solution provided for a fictive friend, who was absent when the teacher introduced this topic. An accurate solution of this equation contains two additive and one multiplicative operation.
 There are two main strategies for solving a linear equation, ‘swap sides swap signs’ (SSSS) and ‘do the same to both sides’ (DSBS). Of the Norwegian student teachers, 2/3 explained the additive steps in the solution by SSSS, while only 1/3 of the Swedish student teachers appli…
Gut germinal center regeneration and enhanced antiviral immunity by mesenchymal stem/stromal cells in SIV infection.
2021
Although antiretroviral therapy suppresses HIV replication, it does not eliminate viral reservoirs or restore damaged lymphoid tissue, posing obstacles to HIV eradication. Using the SIV model of AIDS, we investigated the effect of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) infusions on gut mucosal recovery, antiviral immunity, and viral suppression and determined associated molecular/metabolic signatures. MSC administration to SIV-infected macaques resulted in viral reduction and heightened virus-specific responses. Marked clearance of SIV-positive cells from gut mucosal effector sites was correlated with robust regeneration of germinal centers, restoration of follicular B cells and T follicular h…
Systematic Comparison of Epidemic and Non-Epidemic Carbapenem Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains
2021
Over the past few decades, extensively drug resistant (XDR) resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae has become a notable burden to healthcare all over the world. Especially carbapenemase-producing strains are problematic due to their capability to withstand even last resort antibiotics. Some sequence types (STs) of K. pneumoniae are significantly more prevalent in hospital settings in comparison to other equally resistant strains. This provokes the question whether or not there are phenotypic characteristics that may render certain K. pneumoniae more suitable for epidemic dispersal between patients, hospitals, and different environments. In this study, we selected seven epidemic and non-epidemic ca…