Chemically induced chromosome damage in early-developing embryos ofAnilocra physodes L. (Crustacea, Isopoda) following exposure to bis[Dimethyltin(IV…

1993

In order to obtain chromosome preparations from early-developing embryos of Anilocra physodes, a squash technique has been successfully employed. Results gathered after exposure of this material to bis[dimethyltin(IV)chloro]protoporphyrin IX {[(CH3)2SnCl]2 - Protoporphyrin IX} solutions at different exposure times suggest that this chemical complex is capable of producing abnormal metaphase and anaphase figures in proportion to its concentration and not to exposure length. Essentially, all of the chromosome abnormalities are classifiable as chromosome fragments mainly observed at the metaphase stage; chromosome bridges; and large decondensed chromosome regions.

Observations on spore production in Spilocaea oleagina in southern Italy

1993

Sporogenesis in Spilocaea oleagina was investigated in the field in relation to climatic conditions, in a 2-year trial. At the beginning of each trial, a standard number of infected leaves still attached to the plant were gently scraped in order to remove completely all the fungal structures present on the lesion. At 1-week intervals, four such leaves were detached from the plant, examined in the laboratory for new conidiophores and conidia production, and rated for number of conidia produced by 100 conidiophores. In the first year of the trial, the fungus showed intense activity from the first week of April (beginning of the trial) to the end of April. This activity continued at reduced in…

On the terminology of voice research

1993

Summary This article reviews problems associated with establishment of a scientifically accurate, internationally recognized, multilingual terminology to describe voice. Two strategies for developing terminology are discussed: consensus and dictation. Ontological decisions are considered an integral part of developing terminology. We conclude that terminological problems should be solved by a terminological committee—as yet to be established—as they average from problems in interpreting the literature and the results of voice research. A comprehensive bibliography and audio tape of the multilingual terminology describing voice would help facilitate adaptation and understanding of the terms …

Serotonin dysfunction syndromes: a functional common denominator for classification of depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

1993

A Quantitative Estimate of Ascorbic and Isoascorbic Acid by High Performance Liquid Chromatography: Application to Citric Juices

1993

Abstract The present report deals with the optimization and verification of a simple HPLC isocratic method useful for determining ascorbic and isoascorbic acids in standard solutions and fruit juices. Sample preparation is minimal and docs not require derivatization. The method uses an octadecyl reversed phase, a mobile phase which contains cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide 0.05M as the ionic pair and potassium dihydrogen phosphate as a buffer, at pH=4.5, and 4-hydro-xyacetanilide as internal standard. The proposed method makes it possible to quantify ascorbic and isoascorbic acid in less than 13 minutes, with precision (C. V. 3.5%) and accuracy (recover' of 98%).

Squarroside A, a biologically active triterpene saponin from Acanthophyllum squarrosum.

1993

A new bioactive saponin has been isolated from the roots of Acanthophyllum squarrosum. Based on spectroscopic data, especially direct and long-range heteronuclear 2D NMR analysis, and on chemical transformations, the structure of this new compound was elucidated as 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1--2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1--3)]-beta- D-glucuronopyranosyl gypsogenin 28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1--4)-alpha-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1--2)-[alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1--3)]-beta-D-4-O- acetylfucopyranoside for which we proposed the name squarroside A. This molecule showed a concentration dependent immunomodulatory effect in the in vitro lymphocyte transformation test.

Sinusitis in Thyroid Associated Ophthalmopathy

1993

In 19 patients with thyroid associated ophthalmopathy undergoing orbital decompression, histologic examination of paranasal sinus mucosa revealed moderate to severe inflammatory alterations in all patients. Only 2/19 patients had a history of chronic sinusitis. In 4/19 patients, mucosal abnormalities of the paranasal sinuses were found on preoperative computed tomography CT scans. Postoperatively, 10/19 patients developed purulent sinusitis. It is suggested that patients suffering from thyroid associated ophthalmopathy have an increased incidence of histologically detectable inflammatory changes of paranasal sinus mucosa. Because of preexisting mucosal inflammation, these patients are pron…

Immunoelectron Microscopy of Hemocyanin from the Keyhole Limpet (Megathura crenulata): A Parallel Subunit Model

1993

Abstract Immunoelectron microscopy has been performed using negatively stained immune complexes of keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) subunit 2 di- and multidecamers with domain-specific monoclonal antibodies. One antibody (KLH2 a macr 1) links the hemocyanin molecules in a side-to-side pattern, whereas the other antibody (KLH2 fg macr 1) links the molecules end-to-end. From existing knowledge of the domain sequence of KLH subunit 2, these data provide support for a parallel arrangement of subunits within each decamer. Ten N-terminal a macr: domains are then present at the noncollar region of each decamer with 10 C-terminal g macr domains at the collar region. The immunonegative staining data …

The Monotone Area-preserving Flux-Form Advection Algorithm: Reducing the Time-splitting Error in Two-Dimensional Flow Fields

1993

Theorems of restricted dynamic shakedown

1993

Abstract Dynamic shakedown for a rate-independent material with internal variables is addressed in the hypothesis that the load values are restricted to those of a specified load history of finite or even infinite duration, thus ruling out the possibility—typical of classical shakedown theory—of indefinite load repetitions. Instead of the usual approach to dynamic shakedown, based on the bounded plastic work criterion, another approach is adopted here, based on the adaptation time criterion. Static, kinematic and mixed-form theorems are presented, which characterize the minimum adaptation time (MAT), a feature of the structure-load system, but which are also able to assess whether plastic w…

Experience with the PCR-based HLA-DQ? DNA typing system in routine forensic casework

1993

The results of HLA-DQ alpha typing from 42 routine forensic cases using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were analyzed regarding the reliability, discrimination efficiency and informative value of this system in a given case. The cases included stain typing from a variety of different substates, i.e. blood and semen stains, mixed body fluids, single hairs, cigarette butts, material from fingernail scratches, as well as identification and paternity cases on postmortem and fixed tissue. A total of 125 individual stain and tissue samples were included. PCR amplification was achieved in 70% of these samples. In cases with mixed body fluids, e.g. sperm and vaginal cells from rape cases, DQ al…

Flow-injection determination of water in organic solvents by near-infrared spectrometry

1993

Abstract A flow-injection (FI) procedure was developed for the direct determination of water in organic solvents by using the O-H stretch absorbance band of water in the near-infrared (NIR) region. Dichloromethane was employed as a test solvent to study the influence of the flow parameters (carrier flow and sample injection volume) and time interval on the sensitivity and repeatability of the FI-NIR measurements. The developed procedure permits the determination of water in dichloromethane and isobutyl methyl ketone samples with limits of detection of 0.01 and 0.005% (v/v), respectively. Real and spiked samples of solvents were analysed by FI-NIR and accurate results were found. The method …

In vitro pulsatile and continuous transdermal delivery of buserelin by iontophoresis

1993

Abstract Transdermal delivery of buserelin, a nonapeptide, from hydroxyethylcellulose hydrogel through isolated human stratum comeum was studied. In vitro studies were carried out in a drug release apparatus (DAB 10/USP XII) using self designed rotary disk cells equipped with platinum electrodes. Different forms of current were examined. A pulsatile application of continuous current resulted in a step-like permeation profile. Different on/off ratios (5 min/55 min; 10 min/50 min; 15 min/45 min)) were studied. When continuous non-interrupted current with different current densities (0.1–0.3 mA·cm −2 ) was applied, linear dependence of the final cumulative amount of buserelin on current durati…

Responses to eccentric rotation in two space-bound subjects

1993

Two subjects were rotated eccentrically in the manner described previously. In contrast to a normal control group, settings of a luminous line to the subjective vertical were almost unrelated to the gravitoinertial vector before, and totally so shortly after, space flight. Only 3 days postflight did a clear relation to the gravitoinertial vector re-establish itself in the one subject who actually flew. The correspondence became normal 5 days after the flight. Since there were no clinical abnormalities evident in the subjects, it is suggested that both subjects suppressed their vestibular information, presumably as an effect of vestibular deconditioning training before the flight. In additio…

Serum soluble interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) in children with allergic disorders

1993

In vitro reconstitution of rotavirus transcriptional activity using viral cores and recombinant baculovirus expressed VP 6

1993

International audience; Purified baculovirus-expressed group A rotavirus VP6 polypeptide was shown to be active in the recovery of the transcriptase activity associated with the reconstitution of the single-shelled rotavirus particle. Recombinant VP6 polypeptide was able to restore the transcriptional activity in purified viral cores from both SA-11 and RF rotavirus strains. Recombinant group C VP 6 (Cowden strain) is capable of binding as a trimer to group A viral core particles but unable to restore the transcriptase activity, suggesting that the binding of the polypeptide to cores is not the only requirement to restore the transcriptase activity. The VP 6 group A polypeptide was shown to…

Survey of the parasitoids of the European Sunflower MothHomoeosoma nebulella [Lep.: Pyralidae] in the palearctic region

1993

The European Sunflower MothHomoeosoma nebulella Denis & Schiffermuller is a potential pest on sunflower in France. The parasitoids of this moth are little known. We present here original data obtained in the south of France together with previous survey. Some parasitoids we found were new records onH. nebulella. The relative weakness of the parasite complex ofH. nebulella (less than 15 species) compared to that of the American Sunflower MothH. electellum (Hulst) is discussed.

Chemoenzymatic synthesis of O-glycopeptides carrying the tumor associated TN-antigen structure

1993

Abstract The application of the lipase-catalyzed C-terminal deprotection of heptyl esters for the construction of acid- and base-labile O -glycopeptides carrying the characteristic structural element of the tumor associated T N -antigen (GalNAc α→Ser/Thr) is described

Complexes of diorganotin(IV) dihalides with diphosphoryl compounds and their Mössbauer spectra

1993

Structural analysis of grape and wine glycosidically bound volatile components

1993

International audience

Symmetry-species conversion in CD3systems

1993

The rates for symmetry-species conversion of CD3 groups are calculated using a model in which the interaction between the quadrupolar moment of the deuterons with electric-field gradient at the site of the nucleus causes symmetry-changing transitions. Just the same phonons are considered for energy conservation as are used to describe the temperature dependence of inelastic neutron scattering experiments. For the conversion rate, a similar temperature dependence is found as has already been obtained for CH3. For temperatures around the tunnelling energy, a behaviour is predicted for CD3 that is different from the behaviour in protonated systems according to all theories known to the authors…

Chiral gamma-lactones, key compounds to apricot flavor. Sensory evaluation, quantification, and chirospecific analysis in different varieties

1993

International audience

A novel cholinergic-specific antigen (Chol-2) in mammalian brain.

1993

Three new antisera have been raised in sheep against cholinergic electromotor presynaptic plasma membranes prepared from the electric organs of the electric ray, Torpedo marmorata. They all recognized one or more cholinergic-specific antigens in the mammalian nervous system by the following criteria: they sensitized the cholinergic subpopulation of rat-brain synaptosomes--and only this subpopulation--to lysis by the complement system and, in an immunocytochemical study, selectively stained choline acetyltransferase-positive cholinergic neurons in the rat spinal cord. However, two of the three antisera failed to recognize Chol-1 alpha and -beta, two closely related minor gangliosides already…

Deformation-Free Topography from Combined Scanning Force and Tunnelling Experiments

1993

We show that by measuring force and stiffness on a constant-current scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) contour a deformation-free topography can be extracted. With reference to mono- and bicomponent self-assembled monolayers, we find that the characteristic depression pattern and the protrusions on a multicomponent film found in STM are to a great extent due to electronic effects.

Cloning and sequencing of the dnaK region of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)

1993

Abstract The dnaK homologue of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) strain M145 has been cloned and sequenced. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a 2.5-kb region revealed an open reading frame (ORF) encoding a predicted DnaK protein of 618 amino acids (Mr = 66 274). The dnaK coding sequence displays extreme codon bias and shows a strong preference for CGY and GGY, for Arg and Gly codons, respectively. The predicted DnaK sequence has a high Lys:Arg ratio which is not typical of streptomycete proteins. The region immediately downstream from dnaK contains an ORF for a GrpE-like protein; the predicted start codon of grpE overlaps the last two codons of dnaK, indicating that the two genes are translationa…

Isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding rat liver cytosolic epoxide hydrolase and its functional expression in Escherichia coli.

1993

A cDNA of 1992 base pairs encoding the complete rat liver cytosolic epoxide hydrolase has been isolated using a polymerase chain reaction-derived DNA fragment (Arand, M., Knehr, M., Thomas, H., Zeller, H. D., and Oesch, F. (1991) FEBS Lett. 294, 19-22) known to represent the 3'-end of the cytosolic epoxide hydrolase mRNA. Sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 1662 nucleotides corresponding to 554 amino acids (M(r) = 62,268). The DNA sequence obtained did not display significant homology to the sequences of microsomal epoxide hydrolase or leukotriene A4 hydrolase or to any other DNA included in the EMBL Data Bank (release 32). On Northern blotting of rat liver RNA, a single mRN…

A three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulation of the active phase of SS Cyg-type discs and its implications for the mass transfer bu…

1993

We perform a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) three-dimensional simulation of the outburst phase of the accretion disc of a typical SS Cyg-like dwarf nova in the framework of the mass transfer burst model (MTBM), where we assume that the active phase is triggered by a sudden increase in the accretion rate due to some instability in the secondary's atmosphere. The evolution of the accretion disc is followed for a single orbital period, starting from the initial quiescent disc configuration obtained by us in a previous paper. This is a suitable integration time for determining the geometrical and physical properties of the disc in the impulsive phase and is comparable with observed outbu…

A simple proof for the formula to get symmetrized powers of group representations

1993

A general formula to decompose the p-power of irreducible representations of an arbitrary space group into sum of sets of irreducible representations of such a group, having identical permutational symmetry, is presented. Its proof is based upon a straightforward application of the properties of the generalized projection (shift) operators. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Quantum corrections to the Wigner crystal: A Hartree-Fock expansion

1993

The quantum corrections to the two-dimensional Wigner crystal, for filling \ensuremath{\nu}\ensuremath{\le}1/3, are discussed by using a Hartree-Fock expansion based on wave functions which are (i) related to one another by magnetic translations, (ii) orthonormal, and (iii) strongly localized. Such wave functions are constructed in terms of Gaussians that are localized at the sites of a triangular (Wigner) lattice and have a small overlap c. The ground-state energy per particle is calculated by an expansion in \ensuremath{\surd}\ensuremath{\nu} and in \ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\equiv}${\mathit{c}}^{1/4}$, which is rapidly convergent and stable under the thermodynamical limit. In partic…

Volatile compounds extracted from polypropylene sheets by hot water :influence of the temperature of sheets injection

1993

A study was made on polypropylene (PP) pellets degraded and not degraded and pointed out the presence and olfactive importance of volatile components extracted from PP pellets by hot water. Plastic packaging materials correspond to a further step of manufacturing: the injection step, and this is often conducted at high temperature. PP (not degraded) and PP-CR (degraded) were transformed into sheets at several temperatures; Lickens-Nickerson extracts were made and allowed the quantification of volatile compounds already identified. A statistical analysis showed that temperature was a very significant parameter. An increasing injection temperature (275 or 300°C° creates increasing quantities …

Bipolar II disorders in six first-degree relatives

1993

As proposed by Dunner et al (1976), the distinction of bipolar !! disorder from other effective disorders has been included in Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) (Spitzer et al 1978) but not in DSM-IiI-R or ICD 10 (APA 1987, WHO 1991). Family studies indicate that bipolar 1I disorder might represent a distinct diagnostic entity with a common genetic background (Gershon et al 1982; Dunner 1983; Endicott et al 1985; Andreasen et al 1987). Familial aggregation, diagnostic stability, and course of illness represent external validators for nosologic classifications (Kendler 1990). Therefore, pedigrees with multiple cases of diagnostically stable bipolar Ii disorder without cases of bipolar 1 dis…

Cytoprotective effect of NMDA receptor antagonists on prion protein (PrionSc)-induced toxicity in rat cortical cell cultures

1993

Rat cortical cells were incubated with the Scrapie prion protein, PrionSc. At concentrations of 3 ng/ml of PrionSc and higher, the viability of the cells decreased significantly after a 12-h incubation period. Simultaneously, the degree of DNA fragmentation increased. In control experiments with antibodies against PrionSc, PrionSc lost its deleterious effect on neurons. PrionSc did not affect the viability of astrocytes. Drugs known to block NMDA receptor channels, such as memantine (1-amino-3,5-dimethyl-adamantane) (Mem), its analogue 1-N-methylamino-3,5-dimethyl-adamantane as well as (+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine maleate (MK-801) prevented the effect of …

Simplicial Wheeler-DeWitt equation in 2+1 spacetime dimensions.

1993

We introduce an equation which rue suggest to be a simplicial counterpart to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation in 2 + 1 spacetime dimensions. Our approach is based on the use of the Ashtekar variables

Human endothelial cells express proteinase 3, the target antigen of anticytoplasmic antibodies in Wegener's granulomatosis

1993

Abstract Autoantibodies directed against cytoplasmic antigens of neutrophils (ANCA), especially proteinase 3 (PR-3), have proved to be a useful clinical tool confirming the diagnosis or monitoring disease activity of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). Although several concepts concerning the pathophysiologic potentials of ANCA have been discussed, only sparse data about ANCA-endothelium interactions have been available. In this study, we have investigated the expression of PR-3 in cytokine- treated human endothelial cells using purified anti-PR-3 antibodies of patients with WG, murine and human monoclonal anti-PR-3 antibodies as probes. We were able to show that tumor necrosis factor-alpha, int…

Electron Diffraction and Imaging of Uncompressed Monolayers of Amphiphilic Molecules on Vitreous and Hexagonal Ice

1993

A new approach is described for probing domains of ordered self-assemblies of amphiphilic monolayers at the aqueous solution interface. The method has potential importance for the study of membrane structure, Langmuir-Blodgett films, and nucleation processes of two-and three-dimensional crystals. Electron diffraction (ED) patterns indicative of two-dimensional crystalline self-assembly were obtained from samples, which were examined by cryo-electron microscopy, of monolayers of water-insoluble amphiphiles on vitrified aqueour substrates. The apparent hexagonal symmetry of an ED pattern from a C(16)H(33)OH monolayer was interpreted in terms of multiple twinning. Monolayers of the CL(31)H(63)…

BACKGROUND FOR (μ-, e-) CONVERSION IN NUCLEI FROM MUON DECAY IN ORBIT

1993

A reanalysis of the problem of μ- decay in orbit is done in order to estimate backgrounds for (μ-, e-) conversion. Some approximations are done in order to obtain a very simple formula for the decay rate close to the maximum electron energy. Comparison with more sophisticated approaches leads to differences in the results which cannot be easily interpreted in terms of the approximations which has been done so far. In view of the relevance of this reaction in the planning of (μ-, e-) conversion experiments we point out at the convenience of some independent accurate evaluation.