Les grès inférieurs du Trias cévennol : systèmes sédimentaires fluviatiles et laguno-marins.

1988

La série des Grès inférieurs du Trias cévenol s'organise en deux mégaséquences positives. La première débute par l'installation générale d 'un système fluviatile en tresse. La dynamique fluviatile s'affaiblit ensuite nettement (systèmes en tresse distaux ou rivière à forte sinuosité) tandis que vers l'aval et latéralement, des domaines lagunaires et laguno-marins, à tranche d'eau faible et permanente, s'installent progressivement et de façon plus prononcée au NE et au SW. La présence d'organismes marins (Echinodermes, ForaIninifères) est la preuve d 'une communication avec le milieu marin. La seconde mégaséquence débute également par un épisode fluviatile plus localisé géographiquement ou p…

Enfermedad de Perthes : valoración clínica y radiológica de diferentes tipos de tratamiento

1988

After preliminary introduction regarding the treatment of Perthes' disease, a critica! study of 25 cases diagnosed between 1975 andJ985 was made at the hospitals of N. ª S.ª de La Candelaria and Clínico Universitario of Canarias. The diferent treatments were conservative, Salter's,.. Chiari's and femoral osteotomies. Clinical and radiological evaluation of the results were carried out after intervals of treatment ranging from 6 to 91 months, the average being 26,5 months. The followed Catterall's, Ducken's and Melenaus' criteria for clinical and radiological evaluation. The Cases which did not receive treatment obtained the worst results. In Perthes' type I the treatment of choice is conser…

Rodilla del saltador

1988

61 jumper's knees (fifty patients) are studied. Predisposing factors, clinical and radiographyc manifestacions are relationated in order to obtain a more effective treatment. 50% showed radiographyc disturbances of the patellar vertex, 25% had hight patella and 20% condromalacia was associated. Surgery was performed in 10 knees, and conservative treatment in the rest. Poor results and relapses arose in later treated cases. Prevention and early treatment are very important in these cases.

Long-Term Potentiation in the Recurrent Inhibitory Circuit of the Dentate Gyrus

1988

The question of whether long-term potentiation occurs in the inhibitory circuits of the hippocampus remains controversial. Buszaki and Eidelberg (1982), recording extracellularly from putative interneurones (basket cells) in the dentate gyrus and area CAl of the anaesthetized rat, found a prolonged increase in probability of cell firing to afferent stimulation after high-frequency stimulation of Schaffer-commissural fibres, and concluded that LTP occurs at excitatory feedforward synapses onto interneurones. Similarly, Kairis et al (1987) have presented field potential evidence for LTP in feedforward synapses onto inhibitory neurones in the dentate gyrus of the anaesthetized rat. In the hipp…

Context-free Languages

1988

In this chapter we shall define a class of rewriting systems called context-free grammars. The left-hand side of a rule in a context-free grammar consists of a single symbol, so that symbols are rewritten “context-freely”. Context-free grammars are of central importance to us because they define the class of context-free languages, the parsing of which is the subject of this book. In this chapter we shall consider some structural properties of context-free grammars which are of importance in parsing. Also, a basic method for recognizing context-free languages will be given.

Experience with the Hellp-Syndrohe

1988

A total of 13 patients with HELLP-Syndrome were treated between 1980 and 1986 at the Mainz University Gynecology Clinic. The course of disease, complications, and fetal outcome observed do not permit generalized recommendations concerning treatment of this syndrome. The treatment plan should rather be based on the Individual situation, whereby the cesarean section has proven to be the preferred mode of delivery in almost all cases.

Acquired and Hereditary Angioedema: Pathogenesis and Therapy

1988

There are two main pathogenetic ways by which angioedema can develop. These pathways are completely different and lead to completely different diseases, which may have angioedema of the skin in common. Most cases of cutaneous angioedema develop with involvement of the mast cell and its mediators; especially histamine is considered to play a major role. The exact pathogenesis, however, is not known. This type of angioedema is assumed to be related to urticaria for several reasons: 1 Often it appears alternately with urticaria 2 It responds to antihistaminic drugs 3 The same causes may provoke either urticaria or angioedema

Les bons ma\ⁱtres et les autres

1988

Cohérence et fiabilité du système éducatif

1988

International audience

La psicología italiana en el foro internacional: un análisis a través de los Congresos Internacionales de Psicología

1988

Desde su inicio en París en 1889, los Congresos Internacionales de Psicología han servido como medio de comunicación en el campo científico psicológico, reflejando las preocupaciones e intereses de cada momento histórico y ofreciendo datos sobre la trayectoria de la psicología a través del tiempo. A partir de una revisión histórica y análisis de tipo cualitativo y cuantitativo de las Actas de los Congresos Internacionales de Psicología, se presentan en este artículo datos relativos a la participación de investigadores italianos entre 1889 y 1960. Aunque su presencia fue continua, la mayor participación se produjo en el V Congreso, celebrado en Roma en 1905, en que llegó a representar aproxi…

Oxygen Availability, Energy Metabolism, and Metabolic Rate in Invertebrates and Vertebrates

1988

It has often been emphasized that primitive life originated in an environment devoid of oxygen. The first eukaryotic cells, however, appeared some 1.4 billion years ago when the earth’s atmosphere had already turned from a mildly reducing to an oxidizing one by the photosynthetic action of prokaryotes that used H20 as reducing agent (see Harold 1986, for review). The presence of free oxygen obviously was a major force shaping the evolution of eukaryotic cells. As a consequence all animals are primarily aerobes, using respiratory chains with oxygen as electron acceptor (oxidant) and membrane-bound ATP synthases for the production of ATP.

Controlling Factors of the Climate

1988

Since climate represents the characteristic biospheric conditions at a location or area, it chiefly results from the varying solar and atmospheric moisture and circulation conditions over space and time. Climate at any space or time level is, therefore, represented by certain expressions of the various atmospheric elements, which are concerned with radiation, temperature, sunshine, precipitation and others. The superior impact of the atmosphere upon climate is governed by various factors which control the climate; these climate-controlling factors are, in the widest sense, of a topographical nature (see Sects. 2.1–2.3). Additionally, seasons will be considered as a climate-controlling facto…

Ultrastructural pathology in emetine-induced myopathy

1988

Progressive myopathy developed in two women who consumed ipecac syrup containing emetine hydrochloride to induce vomiting as part of their anorexia nervosa. Muscle biopsy specimens were characterized by severe disruption of the sarcomeres. The ultrastructural spectrum extended from "Z-band streaming" to the formation of cytoplasmic bodies and also comprised abnormalities of the sarcotubular system, thus suggesting that muscle weakness may be related to both sarcomeric and sarcotubular lesions in this self-inflicted myopathy. It is tempting to suggest that muscle weakness may be correlated with or based on the pathology in sarcomeres and the sarcotubular system. As the myopathy is clinically…

Le défi de la cohésion sociale

1988

Platonism, intuition and the nature of mathematics

1988

Platonism is an essential aspect of mathematical method. Mathematicians are learned ability " t o   l i v e " in the "world" of mathematical concepts. Here we have the main source of the creative power of mathematics, and of its surprising efficiency in natural sciences and technique. In this way, "living" (sometimes - for many years) in the "world"of their concepts and models, mathematicians are learned to draw a maximum of conclusions from a minimum of premises. Fixed system of basic principles is the distinguishing property of every mathematical theory. Mathematical model of some natural process or technical device is essentially a  f i x e d  m o d e l  which can be investigated indepen…

Luxación recidivante posterior de hombro

1988

La luxación recidivante posterior de hombro es una patología extremadamente rara que representa menos del 1 % de las luxaciones de hombro. Estudiamos dos casos atendidos en nuestro hospital, que fueron tratados mediante la plicatura de la cápsula posterior y la colocación de un injerto como tope óseo. Los resultados obtenidos fueron excelentes.

Administrer une ville au XVIIIe siècle : Chartres

1988

International audience; Résumé À Chartres, au XVIIIème siècle, l'administration municipale est dominée par les officiersroyaux et par les marchands, qui en excluent progressivement les représentants du Chapitre cathédral.Le champ des responsabilités du Corps de ville est vaste : fiscalité, police municipale, logement dessoldats, fourniture de miliciens, voirie et urbanisme, eau, éclairage public, lutte contre les incendies,surveillance des marchés, fixation du prix du pain, enseignement, assistance aux pauvres, ... Ilspratiquent une politique prudente et raisonnable d'entretien du patrimoine, sans négliger pour autantd'utiles opérations d'urbanisme. Le budget reste remarquablement équilibré…

Le théorème fondamental de la sélection naturelle de R. A. Fisher : une approche historique

1988

National audience

Sur les repères symmetriques lorentziens

1988

Résumé.- Définition et propriétés des repères symétriques. Charactérisation des variétés admettant des repères symètriques naturels. Abstract.- Definition and properties of the symmetric frames. Characterization of the manifolds admitting holonomic symmetric frames.

Synthesis of ruthenium(II) compounds with ortho-oxypyridinate ligands (hp). Crystal structure characterization of [Ru(η6-p-CH3C6H4CH(CH3)2)Cl(hp)]

1988

Abstract The reaction of [Ru(η6-p-cymene)Cl2]2 (p-cymene = p-CH3C6H4CH(CH3)2) with Nahp in THF yields [Ru(η6]-p-cymene)Cl(hp)] (1). The crystal structure of (1) has been determined by X-ray methods. (1) crystallizes in the space group Pbca, with a = 16.629(2), b = 10.201(3), c = 17.752(2) A. The compound contains one coordinated arene group, one chlorine and one hp group in a chelating coordination mode. The reaction of (1) with Aghp yields [Ru(η6-p-cymene)(hp)2] (2). The 13C NMR spectrum at - 70°C is consistent with a structure Ru(η6-p-cymene)(η2-hp)(η1-hp). At room temperature a rapid interconvertion between the two hp ligands occurs according to the observed 1H and 13C NMR spectra.

Die endoskopisch-mikrochirurgische Dissektion der Speiseröhre — Tierexperimentelle Ergebnisse

1988

Ist in der Behandlung von gutartigen oder malignen Speiserohrenerkrankungen die Entfernung des Oesophagus erforderlich, so gilt die stumpfe Dissektion im Gegensatz zum Zweihohleneingriff als das weniger invasive Verfahren. Der Nachteil liegt in der fehlenden Sicht wahrend der Praparation mit daraus resultierendem unkontrollierten Blutverlust, unerkannten Trachealverletzungen und Lasionen des linken Nervus recurrens, die in der Literatur mit bis zu 40% angegeben werden (2, 4, 5).

Weak Interactions and Solar Neutrinos: Testing the Oscillation Hypothesis

1988

Various proposals for understanding the reduced solar neutrino flux in terms of non-standard neutrino propagation properties are briefly reviewed in the context of weak interaction theory. Emphasis is given to neutrino oscillation models which may be tested experimentally, despite the small mass parameter involved. Spontaneous lepton number (and R parity) breaking in supergravity — the supersymmetric doublet Majoron model — solves the solar neutrino problem through matter-enhanced neutrino oscillations. The spectrum of supersymmetric particles is restricted in a way that will be probed by high energy collider experiments. In addition, low energy processes associated with the existence of th…

Estudio crítico etiológico e histopatológico de la enfermedad de Dupuytren

1988

50 patients with Dupuytren's Disease (76 affected hands) are reported. The authors studied personal history and the association to certain illnesses (alcoholism, epiIepsy, diabetes, etc.). Tissue specimens taken during surgery of 12 of the hands were studied under optic and electronic microscope respectively, showing stenosans microangiopathy. The authors believe that the secondary hypoxia stimulate the colagen production and subsequent fibrosis.

Factors Influencing Digitalis Obscura Mesophyll Protoplast Development

1988

In a previous work (1), we found that a combination of liquid-over-agar-solidified MS (2) modified medium was superior to either all liquid or all solid medium for culture of Digitalis obscura L. mesophyll protoplasts. In order to achieve optimum culture conditions we now report on the influence of a different gelling agent (agarose) as well as the effect of several nutrient media on D. obscura mesophyll protoplasts development.

Nucleotide sequence of rat invariant γ chain cDNA clone pLRγ34.3

1988

Photocatalytic degradation of phenol in aqueous titanium dioxide dispersions

1988

The results of a study of photocatalytic degradation of phenol using aqueous oxygenated TiO2 (anatase) suspensions in a batch Pyrex photoreactor are reported. The influence on the photodegradation rate of various parameters as pH, phenol and TiO2 content, oxygen partial pressure, anions present in the dispersions was investigated. A complete oxidation of phenol was observed. Intermediate compounds, catechol and quinone, were detected. It was observed that the photodegradation also proceeded with sunlight radiation. A mechanistic and kinetic model, which accounts for the results obtained, is given. Likely reasons for inactivity of the rutile modification for this reaction are also given.

Las cátedras de medicina en la Valencia de la Ilustración

1988

La hostelería valenciana: un sector en cambio

1988

ESTE ARTICULO INTENTA ANALIZAR LA HOSTELERIA DE LA COMUNIDAD VALENCIANA, SECTOR TURISTICO TRADICIONAL QUE SUFRE HOY LA DURA COMPETENCIA DE OTRAS FORMAS DE ALOJAMIENTO. ADEMAS, SU ESTRUCTURA POPULAR Y MINIFUNDISTA Y LA FUERTE ESTACIONALIDAD DE SU DEMANDA SON PROBLEMAS AÑADIDOS QUE NECESITAN UNA URGENTE SOLUCION PARA SALIR DE LA CRISIS ACTUAL. (A)

A short proof of a theorem of Ahlfors

1988

In [1] Ahlfors proved that the Weil-Petersson metric of the Teichmfiller space is K~hler. A new proof was given by Fischer and Tromba [5] in a purely Riemannian setting of Teichmfiller theory [3]. We shall provide yet another proof that slightly shortens the argument of Fischer and Tromba. We begin with a brief review of the Fischer-Tromba approach to Teichmiiller theory [3-5]. Let M be a compact connected oriented 2-dimensional manifold without boundary.

Quantitative Data on Petunia Embryogenesis: Mitotic Activity and Characteristics of the Cell Cycles

1988

The studies on the embryonal development of Angiosperms are essentially descriptive and some quantitative data are only available at the present time. Within Dicotyledons, one must mentioned the works of Rietsema and al. (1955) on the growth of ovules and embryos of Datura stramonium, the interesting comparison between the growth of Capsella and Gossypium embryos effected by Pollock and Jensen (1964), the studies of Simoncioli (1974) and Tykarska (1980) on two Brassicaceae, respectively Diplotaxis erucoides and Brassica napus, and the work of Gray and al. (1984) on the embryo development of Daucus carota.

Multichannel Multiphoton Ionization of the Hydrogen Atom by a Chaotic Field: Role of the Polarization

1988

This contribution is concerned with the theory of ionization of atoms by strong laser fields, when ionization channels of different photon multiplicity are simultaneously open. Presently, this process is attracting a lot of attention, from both the experimental and theoretical sides.

NMR Study of Kraft Pulp Mill Waste and Natural Humic Substances

1988

High field proton NMR spectroscopy in DMSO-d6 solution is applied for structural analysis of main high molecular fractions of natural humus and waste lignin from kraft pulp mill. The spectra are similar in great part. Main differences appear in p-disubstituted benzene proton and -CH2 -CO-proton signals which are absent in spectrum of waste lignin obviously due to chlorination. A new observation of 51 Hz 1:1:1 triplet in both spectra is discussed.

A Variational Approach to Boundary Element Methods

1988

Aeromonas hydrophila-punctata in two Sicilian reservoirs: density of the organisms in relation to physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters.

1988

The effect of two sulphur-containing pesticides, fenitrothion and endosulfan, on glutathione (GSH) content and on GSH S-transferase and gamma-glutamy…

1988

The glutathione (GSH) system of Procambarus clarkii (P.c.), the American red crayfish, is used as a marker of the effects of Fenitrothion (FT) and Endosulfan (ES), organophosphorus and organochlorinated insecticides, respectively. This system has been shown to be sensitive to different heavy metals poisoning, thus it has a double interest as marker for environmental contamination and as a potential source of xenobiotics or their metabolites to humans, since it is being fished commercially. The GSH content of the organ decreased 24 h after treatment with FT. FT promotes a 2-fold induction of GSH S-transferase (GST) activity at 6 h which is followed by a decrease of it at 24 h. The latter coi…

Triazolopyridines. Part 8.1 Nucleophilic substitution reactions of 5-bromo[1,2,3]triazolo[5,1-a]isoquinoline and 7-bromo[1,2,3]-triazolo[1,5-a]pyridi…

1988

Abstract Nucleophilic substitution of 5-bromotriazoloisoquinoline (3) and of 7-bromo-3-methyltriazolopyridine (6) proceeds readily to give a range of 5-substituted triazoloisoquinolines (4a)-(4e), and of 7-substituted triazolopyridines (7a)-(7h) respectively. Triazoloisoquinolines have been converted into 1,3-disubstituted isoquinolines (11)-(13), (15), and (16), and triazolopyridines into 2,6-disubstituted pyridines (17)-(19). Of secondary amine nucleophiles, only piperidine reacted with 7-bromo-3-methyltriazolopyridine (6) to give the 7-substituted derivative (7g). A second product in this reaction was a 2,6-disubstituted pyridine (8); the similar compounds (20)-(24) were the only product…