A general concept of fuzzy connectives, negations and implications based on t-norms and t-conorms

1983

All known connectives 'and'/'or' for fuzzy sets or some classes can be introduced as t-norms/t-conorms, where Ling's representation theorem is used as a basic tool, and which is illustrated by various known and new examples (Section 2). Given a strict negation function and one connective, the other can be constructed, so that the corresponding De Morgan law is valid. In case of given Archimedean connectives, there can be constructed negation functions (Section 3). Given a non-strict Archimedean connective, a negation function and the other connective can be constructed, so that in addition to the De Morgan laws, the excluded middle law and the law of non-contradiction are valid, i.e. the ne…

Profesionalización y control del personal médico en el siglo XV: la licencia para ejercer del cirujano Johan Pasqual de Algemesí

1983

nrCBF for Timing of Angiography and Operation in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

1983

Early operation on cerebral aneurysms is demanded not least because of the threat of spasm of the cerebral vessels. As is generally recognized, this is to be expected in a very high percentage within a few days after the first aneurysm hemorrhage and frequently cannot be diagnosed clinically (4, 5). Many neurosurgeons have rated the risk of operating in the presence of vasospasm so high that, like C.G. DRAKE in 1975 (2), they demanded control angiography with its own risk, especially in existing vasospasm in early angiography and the aneurysm operation itself could not take place rapidly.

Senile amyloidosis: Principles of localization in a heterogeneous form of amyloidosis

1983

In order to identify amyloid deposits in patients over 60 years of age (so-called senile amyloid), the following five tissues were investigated under the light and electron microscope : 1. pituitary gland, 2. pancreatic islets of Langerhans, 3. heart, 4. aorta, and 5. brain. In all an increasing incidence of amyloid deposits was found with increasing age, and in the brain a significant quantitative increase in amyloid deposits with increasing age was observed. Despite the biochemical heterogeneity of amyloid found in old age, all the deposits seen in tissues examined were morphologically similar. Typical amyloid fibrils were always found (diameter 60–100 A), and these were invariably deposi…

Gas chromatographic and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric studies of acetate esters of chlorinated phenols

1983

Создание автоматизированной системы управления экономикой административного района

1983

Сборник научных трудов посвящен изучению теоретических и практических проблем создания территориальных автоматизированных систем управления.

The structure of trinuclear Cu(II) complex with isonicotinic acid N-oxide, pentaaquadi-μ-hydroxobis-μ-(ionicotinato N-oxide)bis(isonicotinato N-oxide…

1983

Abstract A new trinuclear Cu(II) complex with isonicotinic acid N-oxide, [Cu3(N-inicO)4(OH)2(H2O)5·2H2O, has been prepared and its crystal structure determined by X-ray analysis. The complex crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2/c with a = 12.051(4), b = 7.043(2), c = 19.825(6) A, β = 98.51(2)° and Z = 2. The arrangement of the three Cu atoms is triangular, with distances of 3.365(1) A between the central and terminal Cu atoms. The coppers are pentacoordinated; the coordination geometry is tetrahedral distorted square pyramidal for the terminal Cu atoms and elongated square pyramidal for the central Cu atom. Two hydroxo ligands and two of the four isonicotinato N-oxide ligands throu…

Selective homogeneous hydrogenation of cycloocta-1,5, and cycloocta-1,3-diene to cyclooctene in the presence of (η4-cycloocta-1,5-diene)(η6-cycloocta…

1983

Cyclooctadiene isomers (1,3- and 1,5-COD) are selectively, homogenously hydrogenated to cyclooctene (C8H14) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution, under mild conditions of temperature (20 °C) and hydrogen pressure (1 atm), in the presence of catalytic amounts of (cycloocta-1,5-diene)(cycloocta-1,3,5,-triene)ruthenium(0), [Ru(η4-COD)(η6-C8H10)] (1). The rate of hydrogenation is higher when 1,3-COD is the substrate. Evidence for the isomerization 1,5-COD → 1,3-COD is reported. Similar studies carried out in several alcoholic solutions, although showing a decreased selectivity in the hydrogenation, confirm the isomerization 1,5-COD → 1,3-COD, and allow a discrimination between the isomerization an…

Strategy of Treatment in the Advanced Stages — Round Table Report

1983

Although cancer of the prostate is completely preventable by castration before puberty, prevention at such a price is obviously out of the question. Equally, in later life, it is necessary to weigh up the cost to the patient, in terms of quality of life, of any slight extension of its duration. Denis reminded us that in autumn it is not the length of days but their freedom from distress which should be our primary concern.

Zvaigžņotā Debess: 1983, Pavasaris (99) - 1983/84, Ziema (102)

1983

L'évolution des dépenses d'éducation en France : la fin d'une priorité ?

1983

L'arxiu municipal de Sueca.

1983

Història de la creació i evolució de l’arxiu municipal de Sueca i notícia dels fons documentals que custodia.

The influence of phosphoric acid on steel and on its corrosion products: a Mössbauer spectroscopic approach

1983

Mossbauer spectroscopy was used to study corroded iron after treatment with phosphoric acid or commercial rust transformers. It was found that treatment produced normal iron phosphates from metallic iron, hematite and FeO, and acid ferric phosphate FeH 3 (POI4I)I2I. 2.5H 2 O from alphaand gamma Fe 2 O 3 and alpha, beta, and gammaFeOOH. When these last are present, phosph oric acid treatment does not produce a protective, inhibiting layer. See also AATA 19-702. -- AATA

Essai de standardisation des méthodes d'isolement des organites subcellulaires

1983

Distance education : evaluating new approaches in education for developing countries

1983

International audience

Der Einfluß des Malignitätsgrades auf Tumorstadium und Prognose beim Hypernephrom

1983

Mit Hilfe der Lifetable-Methode ermittelten wir statistisch die Uberlebenswahrscheinlichkeiten von Patienten nach radikaler Tumornephrektomie in Abhangigkeit von Tumorstadium und Malignitatsgrad.

Zentral dämpfende Wirkstoffe, 2. Mitt.1) 3-Substituierte 4-Hydroxypyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazol-2-one

1983

Aus der Umsetzung von 2-Aminobenzimidazol (1) mit den Malonestern 2a–g gehen die 4-Hydroxypyrimido[1,2–a]benzimidazol-2-one 3a–g hervor, unter denen sich Vertreter mit zentral dampfenden, hypertensiven, fungiziden und antibakteriellen Eigenschaften finden. Centrally Dampening Drugs, II: 3-Substituted 4-Hydroxypyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazol-2-ones The 4-hydroxypyrimido[1,2-a]benzimidazol-2-ones 3a–g obtained by reacting 2-aminobenzimidazole (1) with the malonic acid esters 2a–g exhibit centrally dampening, hypertensive, fungicidal, and antibacterial properties.

‘Il Colloquio di Ælfric e il colloquio di Ælfric Bata’

1983

6-epiteucrin A, a neo-clerodane diterpenoid from Teucrium chamaedrys

1983

Abstract From the aerial part of Teucrium chamaedrys a new 19-nor-neo-clerodane diterpenoid, 6-epiteucrin A, has been isolated, besides the previously known diterpenoids teuflin, teuflidin, teucrin E and teuchamaedryn B. The structure of 6-epiteucrin A, (12S)-15,16-epoxy-7α-hydroxy-19-nor-neo-cleroda-4,13(16),14-triene-18,6β: 20,12-diolide, was established by spectroscopic means and by correlation with teucrin A.

Zusammenfassung der Diskussion zum Thema: „Physiologie, Pathophysiologie und Pharmakologie“

1983

Estudios de selección competitiva inter- e intragenotípica durante el desarrollo de Drosophila melanogaster

1983

Ion transport through membranes: A computer experiment

1983

Abstract Gramicidin-A is a linear pentadecapeptide antibiotic, which forms transmembrane channels; these have a number of interesting conductance characteristics [1, 2 and Refs. therein], as for example high specific ion fluxes (a single channel carries about 10 7 sodium ions/sec at 25 °C, 1 M NaCl and 100 mV transmembrane d.d.p.) have a remarkable ion selectivity among the monovalent cations. The permeability ratios with respect to sodium were found to be in following order H + (150) > NH 4 + (8.9) > Cs + (5.8) > Rb + (5.5) > K + (3.9) > Na + (1.0) > Li + (0.33). The channel is impermeable to anions and to divalent cations and it exhibits saturation and maxima in conductance as a function …

Serum-Fibrinogen-Spaltprodukte als möglicher Tumormarker bei urologischen Karzinomen

1983

Hamorrhagien, thromboembolische Geschehen und disseminierte intravasale Gerinnung sind bekanntermasen haufige Begleiterscheinungen maligner Tumoren und finden ihren Ausdruck in einer erhohten Fibrinogen- und Thrombozyten-Tumover-Rate.

Effects of Various Therapeutic Management on Raised Intracranial Pressure and on Dynamics Brain Edema in Brain Abscess Model in Cats

1983

In spite of the improved antibiotic treatment of brain abscess, the mortality remains high, between 30% and 40% (2,3). With the help of effective antibiotic treatment it is possible to bring the inflammatory Part of the lesion under control, but not the space-occupying element which is determined by the inflammatory brain edema. Any improvement in the results will therefore have to wait until an effective antiedematous treatment has also been developed. The aim of our previously described investigations on experimental brain abscess in cats (3) was to demonstrate that only the additional treatment with steroids as well as the antibiotics results in an improvement in the final outcome.

Bestimmung des Cobalts neben Nickel und anderen Metallen durch differentielle Pulse-Polarographie in citrathaltigen Dimethylglyoxim-Lösungen

1983

Die Bestimmung des Cobalts neben 100–1000fachen Gehalten an Nickel und anderen Metallen durch differentielle Pulse-Polarographie wird durch Zusatz von Citrat zur ammoniumsalzhaltigen Dimethylglyoximlosung verbessert. Die Bestimmungsgrenze liegt bei 1–2 ppb Co. Lineare Eichkurven werden im Bereich von 0–100 ppb Co erhalten.

Bestimmung des Kupfers neben Bismut in tensidhaltigen sauren Grundlösungen von Polyaminocarbonsäuren mittels der differentiellen Pulse-Polarographie

1983

Location of transition states and stable intermediates by MINIMAX/MINIMI optimization of synchronous transit pathways

1983

The MINIMAX/MINIMI concept for the location of transition states and/or stable intermediates of chemical reactions is introduced, based on the synchronous transit method. According to this strategy, minimization of quadratic synchronous transit path maxima or minima is achieved by constrained exhaustive optimization of internal coordinates. The method and its efficiency are demonstrated for two-dimensional model surfaces as well as for thermally allowed electrocyclic interconversions of cyclopropyl-/allyl-cation and cyclobutene-/butadiene (gauche) within the framework of MNDO-SCF calculations. Thus, in both cases a direct comparison with the exact solution determined by minimization of the …

Historischer Überblick zur Funktionsdiagnostik des linken Ventrikels

1983

Das Beschwerdebild eines herzinsuffizienten Patienten erlaubt nur eine grobe Abschatzung der Funktion des Herz-Kreislauf-Systems. Allgemein anerkannt ist die New York Heart As­sociation Klassifikation der Herzinsuffizienz in vier Schwere grade (32). Unter Herzinsuffi­zienz wird ein Zustand verstanden, bei dem das Herz nicht mehr in der Lage ist, dem Korper ausreichend Sauerstoff und Substrat zur Verfugung zu stellen. Eine pulmonale Stauung weist den Arzt auf eine Linksherzinsuffizienz und eine venose Stauung auf eine Rechtsherzinsuffi­zienz hin. Eine ausgepragte Funktionseinschrankung des Herzens last sich so leicht erkennen. Eine geringgradige Insuffizienz ist dagegen schwer zu objektivier…

Cell wall composition and protoplast regeneration in Candida albicans

1983

The transition of blastospores to the mycelial phase in Candida albicans was induced after the blastospores were kept at 4°C for several hours and then transferred to a fresh medium prewarmed at 37°C. Glucan was the most abundant polymer in the wall in the two morphogenetic forms but the amount of chitin was higher in the mycelial form than in blastospores. Efficient protoplasting required reducing agents and proteases together with β-glucanases (zymolyase). Protein synthesis in regenerating protoplasts was initiated after about 30 min. Chitin synthetase, initially very low, was incorporated in important amounts into cell membranes mainly in a zymogenic state. After a few hours chitin was t…

Partialsynthese neuer Ergolinderivate aus Clavinalkaloiden, 3. Mitt.1) O-Acyl- und O-Alkyl-1,6-dimethyl-8-hydroxymethyl-ergol-9-ene

1983

Elymoclavin (1), Lysergol (2) und O-Acyl-lysergole werden in flussigem Ammoniak mit Kalium und Methyliodid zunachst am Indolstickstoff methyliert. Durch Variation der Versuchsbedingungen werden 1 und 2 sekundar auch an der Hydroxylgruppe methyliert. Aus 1-Methyl-lysergol (3) sind daher nach der gleichen Methode mit verschiedenen Alkyliodiden 1-Methyl-lysergol-ether darstellbar. Dagegen gelingt die Ethersynthese nach Williamson aus 17-Halogen-ergolenen nicht. Partial Synthesis of New Ergoline Dervatives from Clavine Alkaloids, III: O-Acyl-and O-Alkyl-1,6-dimethyl-8-(hydroxymethyl)ergol-9-enes Elymoclavine (1), lysergole (2) and O-acyllysergoles are primarily methylated at the indole nitrogen…

Perspectives of Comparative Anatomy of the Mammalian Pineal Gland

1983

As the precise role of the pineal gland has been established in a few mammalian species only, every effort should be made to elucidate the function of this potentially important neuroendocrine organ in as many species as possible. One way in which the morphologist can contribute to reach this goal is to carry out comparative studies. Comparative anatomical studies with respect to the pineal gland can be, and should be, carried out at different structural levels: (a) At the gross anatomical level; (b) at the tissue level; (c) at the cellular level, and (d) at the level of cell organelles.

Some evolution equations arising in physics

1983

In this paper we consider a new series of evolution equations generalizing the Korteweg-deVries (KdV) and Burgers equations, and we report recent advances on these equations together with the physical phenomena where they arise. In particular we consider a generalized Burgers' equation and we sketch a method for solution in series by using the theory of Sobolevskij and Tanabe. Then we study the KdV equation with nonuniformity terms and we describe various physical interpretation of this equation. We consider various particular cases in which varying solitonic solutions exist. Also we sketch a unicity theorem. Finally modified Burgers-KdV equations are considered.

Immunohistopathology in Diagnostic Neuropathology

1983

Within the field of surgical pathology, immunohistochemistry is now frequently applied to the morphological diagnosis of lymphomas (11), certain carcinomas and other selected types of tumor (12). In neuropathology, the study of neuro-oncological and non-neoplastic diseases may also receive diagnostic support from performing immunohistological techniques, which encompass immunofluorescent and immunoperoxidase methods. The following report represents a survey of our experience in this recently developed field of diagnostic neuropathology.

Tres medios sedimentarios actuales en el Mediterráneo

1983

Variations sur le cens : le corps électoral sous la Monarchie de juillet. L'exemple de l'Eure-et-Loir

1983

Clostridium perfringens (Holland) as an indicator of human effluent in the sediment of Lake Tuomiojärvi, central Finland

1983

The horizontal and vertical distribution of the gram-positive, non-motile, spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium Clostridium perfringens Holland was studied. The aim of the study was to estimate the quantity of C. perfringens at different depths of the sediment and evaluate the effect of human effluent which the lake received between 1940 and 1956. C. perfringens lives in the colon of man. Because it is spore forming and cannot multiply under a temperature of 20 °C and, according to the studies of Seppanen et al. (1979) it can be at least 300 years old, it may be a suitable paleolimnological indicator of pollution by human effluent.