showing 36 of ~574560 from 574555 documents
Kinetic modeling of autotrophic microalgae mainline processes for sewage treatment in phosphorus-replete and -deplete culture conditions
2021
[EN] A kinetic model of autotrophic microalgal growth in sewage was developed to determine the biokinetic processes involved, including carbon-, nitrogen- and phosphorus-limited microalgal growth, dependence on light intensity, temperature and pH, light attenuation and gas exchange to the atmosphere. A new feature was the differentiation between two metabolic pathways of phosphorus consumption according to the availability of extracellular phosphorus. Two scenarios were differentiated: phosphorus-replete and -deplete culture conditions. In the former, the microalgae absorbed phosphorus to grow and store polyphosphate. In the latter the microalgae used the stored polyphosphate as a phosphoru…
Co-factors, Microbes, and Immunogenetics in Celiac Disease to Guide Novel Approaches for Diagnosis and Treatment.
2021
Celiac disease (CeD) is a frequent immune-mediated disease that affects not only the small intestine but also many extraintestinal sites. The role of gluten proteins as dietary triggers, HLA-DQ2 or -DQ8 as major necessary genetic predisposition, and tissue transglutaminase (TG2) as mechanistically involved autoantigen, are unique features of CeD. Recent research implicates many cofactors working in synergism with these key triggers, including the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites, nongluten dietary triggers, intestinal barrier defects, novel immune cell phenotypes, and mediators and cytokines. In addition, apart from HLA-DQ2 and -DQ8, multiple and complex predisposing genetic fact…
Children’s Diet during the Early Stages of the Nutritional Transition. The Foundlings in the Hospital of Valencia (Spain), 1852–1931
2021
The nutritional transition brought about profound changes in the nutrition of the European population in the 19th and 20th centuries. The predominant consumption of cereals gave way to kilocalorie-, protein-, vitamin- and mineral-rich diets that involved a greater intake of animal products. However, not all population groups underwent this transition at the same pace
The role of noninvasive brain oximetry in adult critically ill patients without primary non-anoxic brain injury.
2021
A primary objective in intensive care and perioperative settings is to promote an adequate supply and delivery of oxygen to tissues and organs, particularly to the brain. Cerebral near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive, continuous monitoring technique, that can be used to assess cerebral oxygenation. Using NIRS to monitor cerebral oximetry is not new and has been in widespread use in neonates and cardiac surgery for decades. In addition, it has become common to see NIRS being used in adult and pediatric cardiac surgery, acute neurological diseases, neurosurgical procedures, vascular surgery, severe trauma and other acute medical diseases. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests a …
ϒ production and nuclear modification at forward rapidity in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV
2021
Abstract The production of ϒ mesons in Pb–Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair s NN = 5.02 TeV is measured with the muon spectrometer of the ALICE detector at the LHC. The yields as well as the nuclear modification factors are determined in the forward rapidity region 2.5 y 4.0 , as a function of rapidity, transverse momentum and collision centrality. The results show that the production of the ϒ ( 1S ) meson is suppressed by a factor of about three with respect to the production in proton–proton collisions. For the first time, a significant signal for the ϒ ( 2S ) meson is observed at forward rapidity, indicating a suppression stronger by about a factor 2–3 with respec…
Duration of untreated psychosis in first-episode psychosis is not associated with common genetic variants for major psychiatric conditions: results f…
2021
The EU-GEI Project is funded by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement No. HEALTH-F2-2010–241909 (Project EU-GEI).
Functional roles of the membrane-associated AAV protein MAAP
2021
AbstractWith a limited coding capacity of 4.7 kb, adeno-associated virus (AAV) genome has evolved over-lapping genes to maximise the usage of its genome. An example is the recently found ORF in the cap gene, encoding membrane-associated accessory protein (MAAP), located in the same genomic region as the VP1/2 unique domain, but in a different reading frame. This 13 KDa protein, unique to the dependovirus genus, is not homologous to any known protein. Our studies confirm that MAAP translation initiates from the first CTG codon found in the VP1 ORF2. We have further observed MAAP localised in the plasma membrane, in the membranous structures in close proximity to the nucleus and to the nuclea…
Exposure to COVID-19 during the First and the Second Wave of the Pandemic and Coronavirus-Related PTSD Risk among University Students from Six Countr…
2021
This study aimed to reveal differences in exposure to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the first (W1) and the second (W2) waves of the pandemic in six countries among university students and to show the prevalence and associations between exposure to COVID-19 and coronavirus-related post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) risk during W2. The repeated cross-sectional study was conducted among university students from Germany, Poland, Russia, Slovenia, Turkey, and Ukraine (W1: n = 1684; W2: n = 1741). Eight items measured exposure to COVID-19 (regarding COVID-19 symptoms, testing, hospitalizing quarantine, infected relatives, death of relatives, job loss, and worsening economic status due …
A Multicenter Large Retrospective Database on the Personalization of Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Lung Metastases From Colon-Rectal Cancer:…
2021
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) has been shown to increase survival rates in oligometastatic disease (OMD), but local control of colorectal metastases still remains poor. We aimed to identify potential predictive factors of SBRT response through a multicenter large retrospective database and to investigate how lung SBRT can impact on the progression to the polymetastatic disease (PMD). MATERIALS/METHODS: the study involved 22 centers, and was approved by the Ethical Committee (Prot. Negrar 2019-ZT). 1023 lung metastases treated with SBRT in 622 patients were reported. The median BED was 105 Gy10. Lesion diameter GTV, PTV volume, dose, fractionations, and site…
The classical two-dimensional Heisenberg model revisited: An $SU(2)$-symmetric tensor network study
2021
The classical Heisenberg model in two spatial dimensions constitutes one of the most paradigmatic spin models, taking an important role in statistical and condensed matter physics to understand magnetism. Still, despite its paradigmatic character and the widely accepted ban of a (continuous) spontaneous symmetry breaking, controversies remain whether the model exhibits a phase transition at finite temperature. Importantly, the model can be interpreted as a lattice discretization of the $O(3)$ non-linear sigma model in $1+1$ dimensions, one of the simplest quantum field theories encompassing crucial features of celebrated higher-dimensional ones (like quantum chromodynamics in $3+1$ dimensio…
Doxorubicin induces wide-spread transcriptional changes in the myocardium of hearts distinguishing between mice with preserved and impaired cardiac f…
2021
Abstract Aims Doxorubicin (DOX) is an important drug for the treatment of various tumor entities. However, the occurrence of heart failure limits its application. This study investigated differential gene expression profiles in the left and right ventricles of DOX treated mice with either preserved or impaired myocardial function. We provide new mechanistic insights into the pathophysiology of DOX-induced heart failure and have discovered pathways that counteract DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Main methods We used in total 48 male mice and applied a chronic low dose DOX administration (5 mg/kg per injection, in total 20 mg/kg over 4 weeks) to induce heart failure. Echocardiographic parameters …
Trend in Spanish cardiology research and global comparative analysis of major topics.
2021
Abstract Introduction and objectives We used bibliometric techniques to analyze the participation of Spanish institutions in research on major cardiovascular topics during the last 4 decades. Methods Bibliometric indicators of production, collaboration and impact were obtained from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) database. Search strategies were used in major topics and institutional collaboration networks were identified, represented using the Kamada-Kawai algorithm. Results Global cardiovascular publications doubled from 2000 to 2018. In 2018, those by Spanish authors represented 2.33%, with a participation of between 7% and 1.84%, depending on the topics analyzed. The offset w…
Highly porous novel chondro-instructive bioactive glass scaffolds tailored for cartilage tissue engineering
2021
Abstract Cartilage injuries remain challenging since the regenerative capacity of cartilage is extremely low. The aim was to design a novel type of bioactive glass (BG) scaffold with suitable topology that allows the formation of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) after colonization with chondrogenic cells for cartilage repair. Highly porous scaffolds with interconnecting pores consisting of 100 % BG were manufactured using a melting, milling, sintering and leaching technique. Scaffolds were colonized with porcine articular chondrocytes (pAC) and undifferentiated human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) for up to 35 days. Scaffolds displayed high cytocompatibility with no major pH …
Exploring the Interaction Effects of Gender Contentedness and Pubertal Timing on Adolescent Longitudinal Psychological and Behavioral Health Outcomes
2021
Background: Off-time pubertal timing (PT) and non-conforming gender identity have been reported to predict adverse health and well-being in adolescents. However, the joint effects of these two factors are less addressed. We aimed to investigate the main and interaction effects of gender identity, proxied by perceived gender contentedness (GC), and PT on longitudinal adolescent psychological and behavioral outcomes.Methods: Data (N = 1806, Mage = 13.3 ± 0.5 years) come from the Taiwan Youth Project, which prospectively followed a longitudinal cohort of Taiwanese junior high school students from 2000 (wave 1) to 2009 (wave 9). GC was self-reported at waves 1 and 9 in a binary response, and th…
Structured reporting of CT scans of patients with trauma leads to faster, more detailed diagnoses: An experimental study.
2021
This study aimed to determine whether structured reports (SRs) reduce reporting time and/or increase the level of detail for trauma CT scans compared to free-text reports (FTRs).Eight radiology residents used SRs and FTRs to describe 14 whole-body CT scans of patients with polytrauma in a simulated emergency room setting. Each resident created both a brief report and a detailed report for each case using one of the two formats. We measured the time to complete the detailed reports and established a scoring system to objectively measure report completeness and the level of detail. Scoring sheets divided the CT findings into main and secondary criteria. Finally, the radiological residents com…
Understanding of Teachers and Healthcare Professionals about their Professional Development
2021
Changes in technology use and globalization are leading to significant changes in the structure of the labor market, emphasizing the need for labor market participants to learn continuously and acquire new knowledge and skills in order to adapt to a rapidly changing work environment. Economists point to the risks posed by technological development, such as the reduction of low-skilled jobs as a result of digitalization and automation processes. Although professionals working with people, such as healthcare professionals and teachers, are less exposed to the risk of automation, they are still increasingly unstable as technology and artificial intelligence compete with human experts. This mea…
Speaking out against everyday sexism : Gender and epistemics in accusations of “mansplaining”
2021
In everyday interaction, subtle manifestations of sexism often pass unacknowledged and become internalised and thus perceived as “natural” conduct. The introduction of new vocabularies for referring to previously unnamed sexist conduct would presumably enable individuals to start problematising hitherto unchallengeable sexism. In this paper, we investigate whether and how these vocabularies empower people to speak out against sexism. We focus on the use of the term “mansplaining” which, although coined over 10 years ago, remains controversial and contested. Using Conversation Analysis and Membership Categorisation Analysis, this paper excavates the interactional methods individuals use to f…
Foreign language learning in multilingual Germany
2021
This special issue on foreign language (FL) learning in multilingual contextsprovides insights into cross- and inter-linguistic phenomena comparingmonolingual and multilingual students who learn FLs in linguistically het-erogeneous classrooms. All contributions are based on data gathered in pro-jects carried out within the research cluster “Language education andmultilingualism”/“Sprachliche Bildung und Mehrsprachigkeit”, which hasbeen funded by the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research(Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, BMBF) from 2013 to 2020. Bybringing together linguistic and educational perspectives on FL learning andteaching as well as different methodological a…
Microcrinoids from the lower and middle Albian of the Anglo-Paris Basin (southern England, UK, Seine Maritime, Pas de Calais and Aube, France).
2021
16 pages; International audience; Microcrinoids of the family Roveacrinidae Peck, 1943 are described from lower and middle Albian clays of the Anglo-Paris Basin (Seine Maritime, Pas de Calais and Aube, France; Kent and Bedfordshire, UK). They are referred to two subfamilies - the Orthogonocrininae Gale, 2019 and the Plotocrininae Gale, 2020. Orthogonocrinines include the long-ranging (middle Albian-lower Cenomanian) species Orthogonocrinus apertus Peck, 1943, and Styracocrinus peracutus (Peck, 1955), known from Texas, USA, Morocco, the UK and France, and two stratigraphically successive species of the genus Hyalocrinus, H. magniezii Destombes, 1984 and H. bulliensis Destombes, 1984, known o…
The role of personality traits in leisure time physical activity during COVID-19 pandemic
2021
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected everyday life, including physical activity behavior. This study examined the role of the five factor model of personality traits on leisure time physical activity during the pandemic in a sample (n=168) of 61 year-old Finnish men and women, participating in a larger longitudinal study, between April 2020 and April 2021. Frequency of participation and changes in leisure time physical activity were self-reported. Personality traits and facets were assessed with the 181-item NEO-PI. Openness was the only factor positively associated with leisure time physical activity frequency. Participants scoring higher in extraversion (particularly the activity-facet) and…
Increased rates of respiratory disease in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 619,214 individuals with schizophrenia and 5…
2021
Introduction: Despite respiratory disease being a major cause of excess mortality in people with schizophrenia, the prevalence of respiratory conditions in this population is poorly defined. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to establish the prevalence and association of respiratory diseases in people with schizophrenia. Material and methods: Major electronic databases were searched from inception to 27 April 2020 for articles reporting respiratory disease (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], pneumonia, and tuberculosis) in people with schizophrenia and, where possible, a control group. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted. The study was register…
TRANSITION MANAGEMENT E SOSTENIBILITÀ: UNA GESTIONE STRATEGICA DEI TERRITORI EUROPEI
2021
The article presents the Transition Management (TM) model as a governance model suitable for achieving sustainability objectives. Future strategies for developing European territories cannot fail to consider the environment crucial for sustainable growth. European policies with the approval of the Green Deal are moving in this direction. The complexity of the current period requires a new governance process, and a cyclical, iterative, interactive, and participatory process of dialogue with local stakeholders characterizes this methodology. TM is a systemic approach postulated as a new governance model capable of conducting and coordinating system innovations towards sustainability in the pa…
Riflessioni per una definizione di “prodotto agricolo sostenibile”
2021
Il presente lavoro si propone di riflettere circa i limiti che l’assenza di un’adeguata definizione di “prodotto sostenibile” comporta, tentando una sua ricostruzione pure alla luce di una più ampia analisi del principio di sostenibilità e della sua evoluzione nel corso degli ultimi decenni. L’assenza di un quadro normativo chiaro genera, infatti, incertezze pure in sede di trasmissione al consumatore delle scelte di sostenibilità assunte dalle imprese in ambito agroalimentare, non permettendo a tali soggetti di definire consapevolmente la propria dieta. Il rischio di informazioni ingannevoli e la difficoltà nell’identificare quando i comportamenti assunti siano il risultato di una politica…
INTEGRATED EFFICACY RESULTS FROM THE PHASE 2 AND PHASE 3 STUDIES WITH CAPLACIZUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH ACQUIRED THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA
2021
Objective: An integrated analysis based on the Phase 2 TITAN (NCT01151423) and Phase 3 HERCULES (NCT02553317) studies with caplacizumab (CPLZ) in acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP) was performed to assess treatment differences on efficacy and safety outcomes that may have been undetected in the individual trials. Methodology: In both trials, patients with an acute episode of aTTP were randomized to receive CPLZ or placebo (PBO) in addition to therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and immunosuppression. All randomized patients from both studies were included in the integrated efficacy analyses (CPLZ: n=108; PBO: n=112), and those who received at least 1 dose of the study drug we…
Machine learning risk prediction of mortality for patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2: the COVIDSurg mortality score
2021
The British journal of surgery 108(11), 1274-1292 (2021). doi:10.1093/bjs/znab183
RP-HPLC-DAD determination of the differences in the polyphenol content of Fucus vesiculosus extracts with similar antioxidant activity.
2021
Abstract Significant quantities of bioactive compounds have been found in the chemical composition of seaweeds. This source of natural antioxidants such as polyphenols appears to attenuate lipid peroxidation caused by oxidative stress, preventing the harmful effects of a number of injuries including ischemia–reperfusion (I/R). Conventional extraction (CE) has been used for years as a traditional method for obtaining bioactive components from seaweeds. However, recent studies highlight ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) as an alternative and more eco-friendly technique. Therefore, the two methods were optimised and compared to obtain a Fucus vesiculosus extract (FVE) with high antioxidant …
The appropriate legal and administrative measures: The Florence Charters and legislation governing the identification, listing and protection of hist…
2021
40 years ago, the ICOMOS-IFLA and Italian Florence Charters canonized historic gardens as cultural heritage. However, neither document has legal force, so they are only influential if voluntarily accepted and translated into legal or administrative measures. This paper uses the city of Palermo, (Sicily) to compare the policy recommendations made in the Florence Charters to the international, Italian, regional and municipal policy that effectively governs historic gardens. Because of its autonomous privileges, Sicily governs its heritage differently than the rest of Italy, and in many ways this independence exacerbates problems in historic garden conservation and management. The Covid-19 pan…
Euclid preparation. XII. Optimizing the photometric sample of the Euclid survey for galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing analyses
2021
Pocino, A., et al. (Euclid Collaboration)
Bioengineered endometrial hydrogels with growth factors promote tissue regeneration and restore fertility in murine models
2021
Extracellular matrix (ECM) hydrogels obtained from decellularized tissues are promising biocompatible materials for tissue regeneration. These biomaterials may provide important options for endometrial pathologies such as Asherman's syndrome and endometrial atrophy, which lack effective therapies thus far. First, we performed a proteomic analysis of a decellularized endometrial porcine hydrogel (EndoECM) to describe the specific role of ECM proteins related to regenerative processes. Furthermore, we investigated the ability of a bioengineered system-EndoECM alone or supplemented with growth factors (GFs)-to repair the endometrium in a murine model of endometrial damage. For this model, the …
Impact of ethical certifications and product involvement on consumers decision to purchase ethical products at price premiums in an emerging market c…
2021
AbstractIn emerging markets, instances of increasing consumers focus on ethical aspects of the product are observed. To this end, we aim to examine the influence of two ethical certifications and two product involvement types on consumers willingness to purchase ethical products at price premiums in the Indian market. No animal cruelty certification and no child labor certification are chosen as the ethical certifications, and a shirt and a bar of soap are chosen as high and low involvement product categories. Data is collected from 206 respondents for the experiment, in which consumers willingness to purchase a product is evaluated for different product scenarios. The results of the study …
Design framework and principles for learning environment co-design: Synthesis from literature and three empirical studies
2021
Funding Information: The research was funded by the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation through the Indoor Environment Program (2011?2014), the Finnish Cultural Foundation?s Central Finland Regional Fund (2013?2018), and the Finnish Foundation for Municipal Development (2020?22). Funding Information: Funding: The research was funded by the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation through the Indoor Environment Program (2011–2014), the Finnish Cultural Foundation’s Central Finland Regional Fund (2013–2018), and the Finnish Foundation for Municipal Development (2020–22). Publisher Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. The need for en…
Effects of motor imagery on strength, range of motion, physical function, and pain intensity in patients with total knee arthroplasty: A systematic r…
2021
Abstract Background In the early stages of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) rehabilitation, in which physical function in general can be affected, motor imagery (MI) might play a relevant role. Objective To assess the impact of MI on strength, active range of motion (ROM), pain intensity, and physical function in patients with TKA. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Pooled effects were calculated as standardised mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relevant outcomes using random effects model. The certainty of evidence was assessed with GRADE approach. Results This review included 7 articles. The addition of…
Radioluminescence Response of Ce-, Cu-, and Gd-Doped Silica Glasses for Dosimetry of Pulsed Electron Beams
2021
Radiation-induced emission of doped sol-gel silica glass samples was investigated under a pulsed 20-MeV electron beam. The studied samples were drawn rods doped with cerium, copper, or gadolinium ions, which were connected to multimode pure-silica core fibers to transport the induced luminescence from the irradiation area to a signal readout system. The luminescence pulses in the samples induced by the electron bunches were studied as a function of deposited dose per electron bunch. All the investigated samples were found to have a linear response in terms of luminescence as a function of electron bunch sizes between 10−5 Gy/bunch and 1.5×10−2 Gy/bunch. The presented results show that these…
Tuning gut microbiota through a probiotic blend in gemcitabine‐treated pancreatic cancer xenografted mice
2021
Recomendaciones prácticas para el manejo del paciente con dolor crónico durante la pandemia de COVID-19
2021
Resumen La infeccion por SARS-CoV-2 ha evolucionado hasta convertirse progresivamente en una pandemia y en una emergencia de salud publica de importancia internacional que ha obligado a las organizaciones de salud a nivel mundial, regional y local a adoptar una serie de medidas para hacer frente a la COVID-19 e intentar disminuir su impacto, no solo en el ambito social sino tambien en el ambito sanitario, modificandose las pautas de actuacion en los servicios de salud. Dentro de estas recomendaciones, que incluyen las unidades de tratamiento del dolor, los pacientes con sospecha o infeccion confirmada por SARS-CoV-2 pueden encontrase en situacion de espera para consulta medica o tecnicas in…
Plasmonic Biosensors for the Detection of Lung Cancer Biomarkers: A Review
2021
Lung cancer is the most common and deadliest cancer type globally. Its early diagnosis can guarantee a five-year survival rate. Unfortunately, application of the available diagnosis methods such as computed tomography, chest radiograph, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasound, low-dose CT scan, bone scans, positron emission tomography (PET), and biopsy is hindered due to one or more problems, such as phenotypic properties of tumours that prevent early detection, invasiveness, expensiveness, and time consumption. Detection of lung cancer biomarkers using a biosensor is reported to solve the problems. Among biosensors, optical biosensors attract greater attention due to being ultra-sensi…