The Soliton Concept in Lattice Dynamics

1996

In previous chapters we have considered nonlinear waves in the macroworld. We have examined different systems which provide the simplest examples of onedimensional systems or devices, where the localized waves or pulses called solitons can be simply and coherently created, easily observed, and manipulated on a macroscopic scale. At the microscopic level the localized nonlinear wave modes have a spatial extension ranging from less than a few microns to a few angstroms. These excitations, which correspond to large-amplitude atomic or molecular motions, are mainly created by thermal processes, sometimes by some external stimulus; their experimental manifestation is indirect; their observation …

Effect of fat content on odor intensity of tree aroma compounds in model emulsions : delta-decalactone, diacetyl, and butyric acid

1996

International audience

Arquitectura y filosofía en el s. XVII

1996

Universal computation by finite two-dimensional coupled map lattices

1996

Extended abstract presented at the 4th Workshop on Physics and Computation (PhysComp 96), 22-24 Nov 1996. Boston, Massachusetts acceptedVersion peerReviewed

Exchange-transfer in mixed-valence clusters with one migrating hole

1996

Abstract A new mechanism for exchange-transfer specific to hole-type mixed-valence clusters is proposed. The intermediate state in the second-order exchange-transfer process is achieved by the jump of the electron from the spin-core of the dn+1 ion into the empty orbital of the dn ion. As distinguished from the mixed-valence clusters with one delocalized electron this intermediate state is the high-spin one giving rise to a ferromagnetic contribution to the ground manifold. On the basis of angular momentum theory a general solution of the exchange-transfer problem is given for arbitrary nuclearity mixed-valence hole-type clusters with many-electron paramagnetic spin-cores. The interplay bet…

La Bourgogne entre les bassins rhénan, rhodanien et parisien : carrefour ou frontière ?

1996

International audience; Au coeur même de son territoire, la région de Bourgogne a accueilli pour quelques jours, à l'occasion de son 18e colloque, la communauté des néolithiciens. Bien des congressistes, venus du Nord, de l'Ouest ou du Sud pour se rendre à Dijon, n'auront pas manqué de percevoir le relatif obstacle au franchissement que constitue le massif bourguignon.Mais le frein partiel engendré par la topographie ne saurait masquer l'ouverture vers l'extérieur de la Bourgogne, naturellement échancrée par trois bassins alluviaux. La Seine, l'Yonne et leurs affluents constituent des vallées propices aux échanges avec le Bassin parisien. Le couloir de la Saône, prolongé par celui du Rhône,…

Experimental Investigations on Hair Fibers as Diffusion Bridges and Opiates as Solutes in Solution

1996

Diffusion experiments were performed using clipped hair fibers as diffusion bridges and aqueous solutions of morphine, codeine and dihydrocodeine. Natural as well as predamaged hair fibers were investigated. The test series were conducted at ambient temperature and at high humidity. After 312 or 372 hours the middle segments of the strands were clipped, washed and analyzed by GC/MS. Only when virgin hair samples were used the solutes passed along the fiber at full length resulting in a positive immunological finding at the end of the diffusion bridge. Most of the washing fluids were positive for opiates. All centerpieces had a high opiate content. The opiate concentration in damaged hair wa…

Des vésicules de Glomus encapsulées : un inoculum mycorhizien pour les vitroplants et les vitrotubercules de pomme de terre

1996

L'origine des rotondes mariales des IXe-XIe siècles et le cas de Saint-Germain d'Auxerre

1996

International audience

Unions of identifiable families of languages

1996

This paper deals with the satisfiability of requirements put on the identifiability of unions of language families. We consider identification in the limit from a text with bounds on mindchanges and anomalies. We show that, though these identification types are not closed under the set union, some of them still have features that resemble closedness. To formalize this, we generalize the notion of closedness. Then by establishing “how closed” these identification types are we solve the satisfiability problem.

Eine Realtypologie betriebswirtschaftlicher Konzern-Organisationsformen

1996

Die idealtypische Unterteilung der Konzern-Organisationsformen in Stammhauskonzerne und Holdingkonzerne (Strategische Holdingkonzerne, Finanzholdingkonzerne) greift angesichts der Vielfaltigkeit der Konzernrealitat haufig zu kurz. Das Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrages ist die Konstruktion einer theoriegeleiteten und empirisch gestutzten Konzern-Organisationsformen-Typologie. Als Datenerhebungsmethode wurde die schriftliche Befragung gewahlt, die durch eine Dokumentenanalyse erganzt wurde. Insgesamt konnten 101 Konzerne, 65 Stammhauskonzerne und 36 Holdingkonzerne, in die Analyse einbezogen werden. Als Methoden der Datenauswertung wurden die Clusteranalyse und die Diskriminanzanalyse eingesetz…

Stellt die Ploidie ein eigenständiger prognostischer Faktor bei differenzierten Schilddrüsenkarzinomen dar?

1996

Maligne epitheliale Tumore der Schilddruse umfassen ein breites morphologisches Spektrum von Carcinomen mit unterschiedlicher Aggressivitat. Prognostisch relevante Faktoren basierend auf klinischen und histomorphologischen Parametern sind bekannt, dennoch werden innerhalb der Tumorentitaten Subtypen mit differenter Prognose beobachtet [6, 9, 10]. Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es daher den Stellenwert der Ploidie im Vergleich zu den bekannten die Prognose assoziierenden Faktoren zu uberprufen.

Enzyme und Biokatalyse

1996

Enzyme (Fermente) sind biologische Katalysatoren. Die Substanz (Metabolit), deren chemische Umsetzung sie katalysieren, nennt man Substrat.

Regularity and Algebras of Analytic Functions in Infinite Dimensions

1996

A Banach space E E is known to be Arens regular if every continuous linear mapping from E E to E ′ E’ is weakly compact. Let U U be an open subset of E E , and let H b ( U ) H_b(U) denote the algebra of analytic functions on U U which are bounded on bounded subsets of U U lying at a positive distance from the boundary of U . U. We endow H b ( U ) H_b(U) with the usual Fréchet topology. M b ( U ) M_b(U) denotes the set of continuous homomorphisms ϕ : H b ( U ) → C \phi :H_b(U) \to \mathbb {C} . We study the relation between the Arens regularity of the space E E and the structure of M b ( U ) M_b(U) .

Grobowce świętych marabutów jako ośrodki kultu w Tunezji i Algierii

1996

Immersió lingüística a Catalunya, identitat i imatge

1996

The authors analyze the question of whether there is a mimetic correlation between the conservation of Catalan and the maintenance of a cultural and national identity. They study the self-inclusion, if any, of youths between six and fifteen years of age in national groups -Catalan or Spanish- according to the language spoken at home and at school, together with the images and feelings they construe in relation to other European national groups.

Nidificación de Gorrión Común (Passer domesticus) en una grúa móvil

1996

Es va trobar un niu de pardal comú situat a una grua d'una nau industrial el qual es movia contínuament distàncies de fins a 75 m. El moviment del niu no va afectar l'èxit reproductor dels pardals, els quals van alimentar els polls amb tota normalitat. Aquest lloc tan inusual d'ubicació del niu i d'altres casos publicats són exemples de l'alta adaptabilitat de l'espècie cap a indrets força humanitzats. -- A House Sparrow nest was found situated in a factory crane, which was continually moving distances of nearly 75 m. The movement of the nest did not affect the breeding success of the sparrows, which fed the nestlings normally This unusual nest site and other cases reported in the literatur…

Una vision perceptiva de la doble articulación del dialogo

1996

L'A. examine la conversation dans la perspective de la linguistique perceptive, distinguant les figures et les fonds. L'analyse conversationnelle qu'il developpe met en avant les faits de reception. Il distingue deux niveaux d'organisation conversationnelle: le niveau des tours de parole et le niveau sequentiel

Flavonoids of honey and propolis : characterization and effects on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes and benzo(a)pyrene-DNA binding in rats

1996

The influence of dietary sunflower honey, propolis, and a flavonoid extract of propolis was examined on drug-metabolizing enzyme activities in rat liver and on microsome-mediated binding of benzo[a]pyrene to DNA. Characterization of flavonoids present in sunflower honey and propolis was achieved in order to assess the relative effects of different components of honey and propolis. Honey and propolis contained the same major flavonoids, pinocembrin, chrysin, galangin, and pinobanksin. The concentration of flavonoids was higher in propolis. Sunflower honey produced no significant changes on phase I and phase II enzyme activities and no modification of in vitro binding of benzo[a]pyrene to DNA…

En torno al platero valenciano Eloi Camanyes (1546?- 1639): datos para su estudio

1996

Una Formulación sencilla, cuantitativa y precisa para el principio de Le Chatelier

1996

In this paper it is presented an alternative teaching approach to avoid the ordinary Le Chateliers qualitative rule. This attempt is based on a well-founded general criterion of spontaneity. Hence, we endeavor an analysis of the different cases involving changes in the mass and the pressure (volume) of a chemical system in equilibrium. Our proposal accurately allows the beginning chemistry student to make predictions about the evolution of a perturbed chemical equilibrium system. In this way we draw up an easy, exact, and general quantitative formulation for the Le Chateliers principle

Ideología, organización social y cultura escrita en la Cataluña de los siglos X al XII

1996

Origenes históricos del libro de J. Piaget 'el juicio moral en el niño': sus fuentes filosóficas y científicas

1996

This essay presents an exploratory study of the historic foundations of J. Piaget's moral psychology, using chiefly his work 'The child's moral judgment'. In particular the religious, philosophical and scientific foundations of his work are looked into. This is partly done using a bibliometric methology, but also carrying out a study of content. The study shows how Piaget's initial hypotheses originate in his fundamental philosophical difficulties, which arise during his university years. Later, Piaget looks for answers in a programme of scientific design, the results of which are in contrast with those obtained by other scientists with interest in the subject, such as E. Durkheim. RESUMEN:…

Las aguas potables en Valencia

1996

On the Reception of Grassmann’s Work in Germany during the 1870’s

1996

It has often been remarked that Grassmann’s mathematics was not widely appreciated during his lifetime. Although awareness of the dimensions of his achievements began to spread in the early 1870’s, even in Germany relatively few mathematicians appear to have been well acquainted with either the original 1844 edition of Grassmann’s Ausdehnungslehre or the mathematically more accessible edition of 1862. The main reasons for this weak and rather delayed reception have been described often enough---Grassmann’s isolated working environment and his nearly impenetrable language---but there are a number of related aspects that still deserve closer consideration.1

Karyotype analysis of the sea urchinParacentrotus lividus (Echinodermata): evidence for a heteromorphic chromosome sex mechanism

1996

A consistent diploid number of 2n = 36 was determined for the sea urchinParacentrotus lividus from the Gulf of Palermo by analysis of mitotic chromosomes of both early developing embryos and male gonads. The haploid numbern = 18 was determined by counts of spermatocyte bivalents at diakinesis. A heteromorphic chromosome sex mechanism of the XY type is likely present in this species. This is indicated by the occurrence of a chromosomal pair, pair No. 2, which is heteromorphic in both morphology and size in about 50% of the mitotic figures (metaphases and anaphases) of einbryos. In addition, heteromorphism of the same pair of chromosomes occurred during spermatogonial metaphases in the five m…

The impact of effluents of Pitkäranta pulp mill on the water quality of Lake Ladoga: a model study

1996

The aim of this study is to show the effects of the Pitkaranta pulp mill on the water quality of Northern Ladoga by using water quality models. The effluent loading of the pulp mill with its full production capacity is as follows: Water flow 85 000 m3 d−1 BOD5 2.4 t d−1 Suspended solids 4.1 t d−1 tot-N 330 kg d−1 tot-P 68 kg d−1 COD(Cr) 14.4 t d−1 Org. C 6 t d−1 Lignosulphonates 9.4 t d−1 Loadings of lignosulphonates and organic C are estimations. Lignosulphonate concentrations of 10.5 mg 1−1 have been reported in the region of Pitkaranta. The study area of northern Ladoga near the pulp mill was divided into three zones (I, II and III). The mean depth of each of them is considered as 10 m, …

Dynamic shakedown of structures with variable appended masses and subjected to repeated excitations

1996

Elastic shakedown for discrete, or finite-element discretized, structures subjected to combinations of static and time-variable loads is addressed in the hypothesis of elastic-perfectly plastic material behavior. The static load is conceived as the weight of an additional mass appended to the structure, whereas the time-variable load is conceived as an unknown sequence of excitations belonging to a specified domain, with intervals between subsequent excitations during which the structure is considered as being motionless. It is shown that, in the plane of the static and time-variable load parameters, the structure's dynamic shakedown domain is nonconvex and that its boundary curve generally…

The T Cell Receptor (TCR) in HLA-B27-Restricted T Cell Responses - an Introduction

1996

Recent data indicate that cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) are involved in the pathogenesis of HLA-B27-associated spondylarthropathies. In the absence of clearly defined "arthritogenic" bacterial or self peptides that are presented by HLA-B27 and recognized by such CD8+CTL, one approach has been to investigate the T cell repertoire of lesional cellular infiltrates by determining T cell receptor (TCR) variable (V) gene segment frequencies. Furthermore, the TCR V alpha and V beta chains of HLA-B27-restricted CTL clones, notably the putative peptide-contacting CDR3-regions of these TCRs, have been sequenced. This article will give a short review of the current literature on the topology of the TC…

Histoire du "théâtre de Bourgogne" 1955-1996

1996

International audience

Comparison of the Photoelectronic and Photocatalytic Activities of Various Anatase and Rutile Forms of Titania in Pure Liquid Organic Phases and in A…

1996

Various titania samples of industrial origin (Degussa and Tioxide) have been characterized by electrical photoconductance measurements and tested as photocatalysts in various liquid media (either pure organic liquids or aqueous solutions) as a function of their structure (anatase versus rutile). Anatase was constantly found more active than rutile, whatever the reaction chosen (mild oxidation of pure cyclohexane and 2-propanol; total degradation of phenol and nitrophenol isomers in water). In identical conditions, Degussa was found more active, but the intrinsic activity, expressed in moles converted per hour and per square meter of active surface, was found slightly higher for anatase Tiox…

Immunohistochemical localization of nitric oxide synthases

1996

Les taux de rendements sociaux "complets" de l'éducation : estimation à partir de la performance des pays en terme de croissance économique

1996

Anisometropía no compensada en un adulto

1996

Una elevada anisometropía no compensada puede acarrear problemas de ineficacia visual así como manifestaciones astenópicas hasta desembocar en la total supresión del ojo amétrope. La lente de contacto puede ayudar a compensar esa ametropía de una forma cómoda, eficaz y evitando la barrera física y psicológica que supondría una gafa. Sin embargo este caso quiere poner de manifiesto que en ocasiones no es suficiente la lente de contacto. La terapia visual es necesaria para obtener visión binocular estable y eficaz.

Osteocondritis disecante de primera cuña en la infancia: presentación de 1 caso

1996

Se presenta un caso de osteocondritis disecante de la primera cuña en la infancia, patología no descrita hasta el momento en la literatura mundial. Se trata de una niña de 11 años que se estudió por dolor de 1 año de evolución y tras llegar al diagnóstico se trató mediante artrodesis de la primera articulación escafocuneana, encontrándose la paciente asintomática tras 10 meses de seguimiento. We report a case of osteochondritis dissecans of the first cuneiform bone in a child. We have not found a similar case in world literature. She is an 11 years old girl with 1 year of pain in her foot. After the diagnosis was made, the treatment was an arthrodesis of the first naviculo-cuneiform joint. …

Exchange Interactions II: Spin Hamiltonians

1996

In Part I the physical mechanism of exchange interactions have been discussed. In this part we introduce the general concept of spin-hamiltonian. Isotropic exchange hamiltonian for many-electron polynuclear clusters (Heisenberg-Dirac-van Vleck-HDVV model [1-6]) will be derived. Spin-hamiltonian approach allows to separate the full exchange problem into two independent ones: 1) evaluation of the energy levels of the exchange system considering Jij as a set of semiempirical parameters, and 2) quantum mechanical calculation of exchange parameters with the aim of elucidation of the main physical mechanisms of the exchange coupling. In this part we shall focus on the problem of calculation of sp…