Maternal inconsistent socialization: An interactional pattern with maltreated children

1995

Most child abuse episodes take place in the context of child-rearing conflicts. Parents show a lack of competence in appropriately solving these conflicts, producing an escalating phenomenon which eventually ends in verbal and/or physical aggression towards the child. The main purpose of this study is to test the role of inconsistent socialization in the development of prolonged dyadic coercive exchanges. Observational information from 15 mother-child dyads referred for psychological treatment for abuse and 15 non-clinical dyads was obtained at home. Results show the mother's indiscriminate attention following prosocial child behaviour was significantly higher in abusive dyads, while disrup…

FIRST MEASUREMENT OF THE STRANGE QUARK ASYMMETRY AT THE Z(0) PEAK

1995

A measurement of the strange quark forward-backward asymmetry at the Z0 peak was performed using 718,000 multihadronic Z0 decays collected by the DELPHI detector at LEP in 1992. The s-quark was tagged by the presence of high momentum charged kaons identified by the Ring Imaging Cherenkov detector and by Λ0;s decaying into pπ-. The s-quark purity obtained was estimated for the two hadrons to be 43%. The average s-quark asymmetry was found to be 0.131±0.035 (stat.) ±0.013 (syst.). The forward-backward asymmetry was measured for unresolved d-and s-quarks, tagged by the detection of a high energy neutron or neutral kaon in the Hadron Calorimeter. The combined d-and s-quark purity was 69% and th…

Hypoxia and anoxia in insects: microcalorimetric studies on two species (Locusta migratoria and Manduca sexta) showing different degrees of anoxia to…

1995

Abstract Microcalorimetry was used to study the effects of graded hypoxia and anoxia on two species of insects that differ in their tolerance of anoxia. Locusts (Locusta migratoria) can survive an atmosphere of pure nitrogen for not more than 4 h (at room temperature), whereas hawk moths (Manduca sexta) can recover from more than 24 h of anoxia. To produce graded hypoxia, air and pure nitrogen were mixed and this mixture was passed through the cells of a twin calorimeter equipped with circulation cells. A gas flow containing 2% or more of oxygen had no significant effect on behaviour (as observed in parallel experiments using transparent cells) or heat flow rate. If oxygen content was reduc…

A study of the novel anti-inflammatory agent florifenine topical anti-inflammatory activity and influence on arachidonic acid metabolism and neutroph…

1995

We have evaluated the effects of the novel anti-inflammatory agent florifenine, 2-(1-Pyrrolidinyl)ethyl N-[7-(trifluoromethyl)-4-quinolyl]anthranilate, on topical inflammation in mice, free radical-mediated reactions, arachidonic acid metabolism and some neutrophil functions. Topical administration of florifenine produced dose-related anti-inflammatory activity in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced ear oedema and with a lower potency, in the response induced by arachidonic acid (AA). Florifenine also inhibited neutrophil migration and PGE2 content in the inflammed ears. In human whole blood, florifenine was a potent and selective inhibitor of TXB2 generation. This anti-infla…

Description of the retention behaviour of solutes in micellar liquid chromatography with organic modifiers: Comparison of two methods

1995

Two methods for the description of the retention behaviour of solutes in micellar liquid chromatography are compared. One of them divides the parameter space into triangular subspaces, fitting a different equation in each subspace. The second method makes use of a unique equation, valid in the whole parameter space. In both cases, equations of the type log k=f (μ, ϕ), and 1/k=f (μ, ϕ), (μ and ϕ are the concentration of surfactant and alcohol, respectively), were used to describe the retention. The use of the hyperbolic function, 1/k=c0+c1μ+c3μϕ, to describe the whole parameter space yielded the best prediction. When a small portion of the parameter space was modelled, a simpler hyperbolic f…

Transcriptional and post-transcriptional analysis of peroxisomal protein encoding genes from rat treated with an hypolipemic agent, ciprofibrate

1995

The treatment of rats with ciprofibrate, a potent peroxisome proliferator, led to increased levels of the peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO) mRNA. How ciprofibrate functions to elevate ACO mRNA is not known. To help determine the mechanism of ciprofibrate action, in vitro transcription assays were performed. It was determined that ciprofibrate was responsible for a 3.5-fold stimulation of the rate of ACO transcription within 24 hr of ingestion. It was also observed that the transcription rate stimulation following a 2-week ciprofibrate treatment of Wistar rats was maintained following 4 weeks of ciprofibrate withdrawal. Re-introduction of the drug after the 4-week pause resulted in greater …

Vacuum oscillations in the supersymmetric standard model.

1995

We analyze the spectrum and mixing among neutrinos in the minimal supersymmetric standard model with explicit breaking of [ital R] parity. It is shown that (i) the mixing among neutrinos could be large and (ii) the nonzero neutrino mass is constrained to be [le]10[sup [minus]5] eV from arguments based on baryogenesis. Thus vacuum oscillations of neutrinos in this model may offer a solution of the solar neutrino problem. The allowed space of the supersymmetric parameters consistent with this solution is determined.

Topological Approach to Drug Design

1995

In this paper we demonstrated that by an adequate combination of different topological indices it is possible to select and design new active compounds in different therapeutical scopes, with a very high efficiency level. Particularly successful in the search of new "lead drugs", the results show the surprising ability of the topological methods to describe molecular structures.

Photoconductivity in the columnar phases of a glassy discotic twin

1995

Holographische Untersuchung zur Darstellung initialer Verformungen eines mazerierten menschlichen Schädels unter der Einwirkung einer orthopädischen …

1995

Das Phanomen der Oberkieferverformung und der resultierenden Wachstumsveranderungen unter der orthopadischen Wirkung des Headgears ist sehr komplex und wenig erforscht. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, mit Hilfe der holographischen Interferometrie die initiale Knochenverformung des Oberkieferkomplexes nach der Einwirkung verschiedener Zugrichtungen eines Headgears zu untersuchen. Ein oberhalb, unterhalb und durch das Widerstandszentrum der ersten bleibenden Molaren gerichteter okzipitaler, zervikaler und Kombinationszug wurde mit 560 g an einem mazerierten menschlichen Schadel simuliert. Die Registrierung der dabei stattfindenden knochernen Veranderungen fand mit Hilfe der Laserholograp…

Multivariate-Analysis of Phytoplankton and Related Environmental-Factors, in a Shallow Hypertrophic Lake

1995

Data on some relevant environmental variables and phytoplankton species composition, collected from the hypertrophic shallow lake Albufera of Valencia (Spain) during 1980-88, were examined using Redundancy Analysis (RDA). The hydrological cycle of the lake is manipulated for rice cultivation in the area. Seasonality and the particular hydrological cycle of the lake were the principal factors influencing long-term phytoplankton dynamics. Annual or horizontal differences were less important than the seasonal factor. However, a trend of phosphate increase and underwater illumination decrease was observed between 1980 and 1988. These changes might be related to some species year-to-year variati…

The effect of potassium on the selective oxidation ofn-butane and ethane over Al2O3-supported vanadia catalysts

1995

The catalytic properties of undoped and K-doped (K/V atomic ratio of 0.5) Al2O3-supported vanadia catalysts (∼4.5 wt% of V2O5) for the oxidation ofn-butane and ethane were studied. Isolated tetrahedral V5+ species are mainly observed in both undoped and K-doped samples. The incorporation of potassium decreases both the reducibility of surface vanadium species and the number of surface acid sites. Potassium-free vanadium catalysts show a high selectivity during the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of ethane but a low selectivity during the ODH ofn-butane. However, the presence of potassium on the vanadium catalysts strongly influences their catalytic properties, increasing the selectivity to …

Structural trends and palaeogeography of the central and western Sicily Belt: new insights

1995

The geology of the Sicilian mainland is summarized by N–S geological sections. A continuous late Cenozoic orogenic belt through central and western Sicily resulted from a complex deformative history, recorded by several tectonic events. The deformation mainly involved the sedimentary cover of the old African continental margin, formed in a large basinal area, bordered at its southern margin by a shallow-water carbonate environment attached to Gondwana. The orogenic belt involves a complex architecture of thrust systems, of different size, geometry and palaeogeographical origin. Deformation, which mainly developed in the earlier stages of thrusting in the basinal rock assemblages, mainly gav…

Immunological study of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome. Lack of response to food additive challenge

1995

Summary A study was made of six patients with Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) to establish the aetiological role of foodstuffs and/or additives and the possible associated immunological alterations. In all cases Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) was diagnosed both clinically and histologically, excluding other causes of orofacial granulomatosis (OFG). A detailed study of possible triggering factors was performed in all patients. Blood analysis, x-rays and cultures, were always within normal limits, with the exception of the finding of circulating immune complexes (CICs) in three patients with facial palsy associated, and C-reactive protein positivity in two patients who presented pers…

How angioarchitecture of cerebral arteriovenous malformations should influence the therapeutic considerations.

1995

PURPOSE To evaluate the angioarchitectural criteria of complex cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), concerning the risk of hemorrhage and therapy planing. METHODS The magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and neuroangiographic findings of 227 AVMs (223 patients) were retrospectively evaluated. Statistical analysis was used to define the relative frequency of these lesions for hemorrhage in correlation with various parameters (i.e. age of the patient, size, location, associated aneurysms). RESULTS Onset of symptoms was between 21 and 40 years of age in 50% of cases. The ratio of centrally to convexially located lesions was 1:2. Convexial AVMs are classified by MR imaging into sulcal and gy…

Atomic Structure and Mechanical Behaviour of Passive Film Formed on Stainless Steels

1995

3-Vinyl-1H-indoles: A conformational study, electronic aspects and reactivity predictions forDiels-Alder reactions

1995

On the basis of X-ray geometries, a theoretical conformational study of some 3-vinyl-1H-indoles was performed with quantum chemistry and molecular mechanics programs. Charge, frontier orbitals, and the molecular electrostatic potential derived from quantum chemistry calculations of 3-vinyl-1H-indoles are reliable reactivity parameters to predict the outcome of theDiels-Alder reaction.

Metric regularity and subdifferential calculus in Banach spaces

1995

In this paper we give verifiable conditions in terms of limiting Frechet subdifferentials ensuring the metric regularity of a multivalued functionF(x)=−g(x)+D. We apply our results to the study of the limiting Frechet subdifferential of a composite function defined on a Banach space.

A pharmacological study ofAraujia sericifera B. extracts in rodents

1995

The present study analyses the pharmacological activity in in vitro and in vivo models of different extracts obtained from Araujia sericifera. The hexane extract of fruits lacked toxicity, but exhibited an analgesic effect in models of chemical and thermal stimulation. Such an extract was the only one which exhibited antiinflammatory actions. The intrinsic effect on arterial blood pressure was biphasic: at low doses it significantly increased blood pressure, whereas at high doses it exerted the opposite effect. On isolated organs it produced a marked decrease in the maximum effect of histamine and acetylcholine. The dichloromethanol extract of fruits decreased arterial pressure and the maxi…

A theoretical study of the electronic spectrum of bithiophene

1995

The electronic spectrum of bithiophene in the energy range up to 6.0 eV has been studied using multiconfigurational second order perturbation theory (CASPT2) and a basis set of ANO type, with split valence quality and including polarization functions on all heavy atoms. Calculations were performed at a planar (trans) and twisted geometry. The calculated ordering of the excited singlet states is 1Bu, 1Bu, 1Ag, 1Ag, and 1Bu with 0–0 transition energies: 3.88, 4.15, 4.40, 4.71, and 5.53 eV, respectively. The first Rydberg transition (3s) has been found at 5.27 eV. The results have been used in aiding the interpretation of the experimental spectra, and in cases where a direct comparison is poss…

Comparative toxicant sensitivity of sexual and asexual reproduction in the rotiferBrachionus calyciflorus

1995

Cyclically parthenogenetic zooplankters like rotifers are important tools for assessing toxicity in aquatic environments. Sexual reproduction is an essential component of rotifer life cycles, but current toxicity tests utilize only asexual reproduction. The authors compared the effects of four toxicants on asexual and sexual reproduction of the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus. Toxicants had a differential effect on sexual and asexual reproduction, with sexual reproduction consistently the most sensitive. Concentrations of 0.2 {mu}g/ml PCP (sodium pentachlorophenate) had no effect on the asexual reproductive rate, but significantly reduced sexual reproduction. Likewise, chlorpyrifos concentr…

Pion cloud contribution to the s-wave repulsion in pionic atoms

1995

Abstract The nuclear pion cloud contribution to the pion self-energy for pionic atoms is evaluated and one finds large cancellations between terms involving the ππ amplitude and other terms originating from the chiral lagrangian partners. While the individual terms depend strongly on the off-shell extrapolation of the ππ amplitude, the sum is model independent within the Olson and Turner family of chiral lagrangians keeping ξ + 4 η constant, as previously found for the πN → ππN and pion double-charge exchange in nuclei, and vanishes in the limit of m π → 0. One finds a small net repulsion which is however too small to account for the “missing” s-wave repulsion. A revision of the present sta…

Neue Gesichtspunkte zur Behandlung der kompletten und isolierten diaphysären Unterarmfrakturen im Kindesalter

1995

Von 1984 bis 1992 wurden an der Kinderchirurgischen Universitatsklinik Mainz 153 Kinder mit 19 isolierten Radius-, neun isolierten Ulna-und 125 kompletten Unterarmschaftfrakturen behandelt. Die Analyse dieser Verletzung bezog sich insbesondere auf das Alter der Patienten, Bruchform und Therapieart. 141 Kinder wurden konservativ, zwolf operativ behandelt. 101 Kinder waren bereits am Ende der Behandlung beschwerdefrei, 69 konnten nachuntersucht werden. Hierbei zeigte sich, das gelegentlich verbliebene Achsfehlstellungen nicht mit dem funktionellen Ergebnis korrelierten. Das Resultat war bei 65 Kindern gut und sehr gut, bei vier Kindern nur ausreichend. Diese vier Patienten waren alle konserva…

Production of the Phytoalexin Resveratrol by Grapes as a Response to Botrytis Attack Under Natural Conditions

1995

Le resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) est un des mebolites de stress produit par la vigne en reponse a une infection parasitaire ou une blessure. La distribution de cette molecule dans des lesions limitees causees par Botrytis cinerea sur des grappes de raisins a maturite au vignoble a ete etudiee. Le resveratrol est localise principalement dans les fruits sains entourant les zones infectees. Cette reponse localisee contribue a limiter l'extension du pathogene tant que les conditions climatiques lui sont defavorables. Lorsque les conditions deviennent favorables; c'est-a-dire apres une periode humide et chaude, une expansion rapide des lesions est alors observee sur les fruits en depit…

Task-related variation in communication of mothers and their sons with learning disability

1995

The purpose of the present study was to examine whether mother-child communication patterns vary as a function of the type of the task. Groups of learning disabled (LD=30) and normally achieving boys (NLD=30) were videotaped interacting with their mothers in two different tasks. The children were matched for age (8 to 11 year-olds) and for parent’s SES. The results indicated that the teaching task differentiated the groups more than did the story task. Academic character of the teaching task increased mothers’ task involvement in both groups. Mothers of the LD group showed, however, significantly more dominance and expressed less emotionality while teaching their child. Mothers’ interaction…

A poincar�-bendixson theorem for analytic families of vector fields

1995

We provide a characterization of the limit periodic sets for analytic families of vector fields under the hypothesis that the first jet is non-vanishing at any singular point. Also, applying the family desingularization method, we reduce the complexity of some of these sets.

K-isomeric state in even-even100Sr

1995

A t1/2=85 ns isomer has been identified at 1619 keV in100Sr. The halflife is attributed to a ΔK=4 hindered decay. The configuration is proposed to be built on the [411]3/2 and the [532]5/2 neutron quasiparticle orbitals.

Applicability of the Poisson distribution to model the data of the German Children's Cancer Registry.

1995

Since 1980 the German Children's Cancer Registry has documented all childhood malignancies in the Federal Republic of Germany. Various statistical procedures have been proposed to identify municipalities or other geographic units with increased numbers of malignancies. Usually the Poisson distribution, which requires the malignancies to be distributed homogeneously and uncorrelated, is applied. Other discrete statistical distributions (so-called cluster distributions) like the generalized or compound Poisson distributions are applicable more generally. In this paper we present a first explorative approach to the question of whether it is necessary to use one of these cluster distributions t…

Short duplication in a cDNA clone of the rbcL gene from Picea abies.

1995

The plastidic rbcL gene encodes the LSU of Rubisco (EC 4.1.1.39), the enzyme that catalyzes CO, fixation during photosynthesis (Hallick and Bottomley, 1983). In higher plants the enzyme structure is commonly given as a hexadecameric structure composed of eight LSUs and eight small subunits. Nucleotide sequence data from the rbcL gene have been used extensively in studies of plant phylogeny and molecular evolution (Morden and Golden, 1991; Pasternak and Glick, 1992). To investigate the expression of the rbcL gene in damaged and undamaged Norway spruce trees (Picea abies), we have isolated a rbcL cDNA clone via reverse transcriptasePCR (Table I). Using the proofreading ability of the DNA poly…

X-ray thermal-diffuse-scattering study of soft modes in paraelectricBaTiO3

1995

Anomalous x-ray thermal diffuse scattering (TDS) from the paraelectric ${\mathrm{BaTiO}}_{3}$ has been measured as a function of temperature using synchrotron radiation. Sheets of intensities that were previously reported have been confirmed. The origin of the observed TDS intensities is attributed to the soft on-(100) TA modes and overdamped [010${]}_{\mathrm{TO}}$ mode for reduced wave vector qg0.25 and 0.25, respectively. In agreement with the previous neutron inelastic scattering experiment, our results support the notion of the one-dimensionally correlated optic motion of atoms.

Biocatalysis and biorecognition in nonaqueous media. Some perspectives in analytical biochemistry

1995

Biocatalysis and, to a lesser extent, biorecognition in non-aqueous media (including organic solvents as well as supercritical fluids and gases) constitute at present an exciting research area which has already demonstrated its biotechnological potential in numerous, varied applications. Less attention, however, has been paid to its analytical possibilities, even though many advantages have been postulated and a wide range of poorly water-soluble analytes are present in samples (or waste materials) from food and drink, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, military and other industries. The main approaches, developed in recent years to exploit the use of enzymes, antibodies or antibody mimics in w…

Tectonic history of the submerged Maghrebian Chain from the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea to the Pelagian Foreland

1995

A description is given here of the structure and tectonic evolution of the submerged NW-SE trending Alpine belt extending from the Sardinia Channel across the Sicily Straits to the Pelagian Sea. This mainly results from re-interpretation of the existing seismic network. In the Sicily Straits the crust comprises an allocthonous belt composed of Tertiary flysch-type thrust slices stacked in an imbricate wedge. The wedge is composed of Mesozoic basin and platform carbonates thrusts derived by deformation of the old Sicilian continental margin. Lower Miocene to Lower Pleistocene foredeep deposits (terrigenous and clastic carbonates) filled progressively onlapping foreland basins during regional…

Correlations of intermediate mass fragments from Fe+Ta, Au, and Th collisions.

1995

Charge, velocity, and angular correlations between intermediate mass fragments (IMF) are presented for 50 and 100 MeV/nucleon Fe bombardments of Ta, Au, and Th targets. Correlation functions generated as a function of the relative velocity and the opening angle between two IMF's are qualitatively independent of the projectile energy and target mass and show a suppression at small relative velocities and opening angles due to the Coulomb repulsion between the fragments. The correlations are consistent with IMF's emitted primarily from a highly excited target residue following a rapid preequilibrium cascade. The correlation data are compared to model calculations using the event generator men…

A rapid procedure for the determination of caffeine, theophylline and theobromine in urine by micellar liquid chromatography and direct sample inject…

1995

Abstract A liquid chromatographic procedure for the determination of caffeine, theophylline and theobromine in urine samples is described. The proposed system uses a Spherisorb octadecyl-silane ODS-2 C18 analytical column and a guard column of similar characteristics. The UV detector was set at 273 nm. A study to adequately select the composition of the micellar mobile phase for the separation of these compounds in urine samples is performed. Maximum resolution was achieved with a 0.075 M sodium dodecylsulphate-1.5% propanol eluent. Limits of detection at 273 nm ranged between 0.4 μg/ml for theobromine and theophylline and 1.2 μg/ml for caffeine. The procedure allows the determination of th…

Tax authority to the European Parliament?

1995

In this paper we analyze whether countries of the EC community should plead for a decentralized system to finance the European funds rather than using a uniform tax imposed by the European parliament. The analysis is within a multistage game-theoretic framework in which the implication of the financing system of a confederation on the investment behavior in the respective states is considered. The paper is in the tradition of the literature which claims that from a view of global efficiency property-rights structures inducing ex-post efficient allocations may be worse than a system leading to an ex-post inefficient allocation. For this specific economic issue we elucidate the tradeoff betwe…

Adsorption of gaseous p-xylene and m-xylene on NaY, KY, and BaY zeolites. Part 2: Modeling. Enthalpies and entropies of adsorption

1995

Abstract The adsorption isotherms of xylenes are described by Henry's law and Langmuir's model on NaY and KY and the Dubinin-Radushkevich model on BaY. The isoteric enthalpies of adsorption show on each zeolite that the adsorbate-adsorbent interactions are nearly the same with both isomers. They are stronger on BaY than on NaY and KY. The adsorbate-adsorbate interactions are stronger with m-xylene than with p-xylene and especially outstanding on KY. The entropies of adsorption show that the mobility of the adsorbate is lower with m-xylene than with p-xylene. The isosteric free enthalpies of adsorption are related to the acidity of each zeolite. BaY has a stronger acidity and a greater abili…