Automated photoelasticity in white light: Influence of quarter-wave plates

1995

This paper deals with the influence of optical retarders on the isochromatic fringes obtained by automated white light photoelasticity using methods such as those based on spectral content analysis (SCA) and on primary colour (red, green and blue) analysis. In the following the light intensity equations of dark- and light-field polariscopes with both crossed and parallel optical retarders are reviewed. In particular, it is shown that the retardance error of the quarter-wave plates produces an attenuation of the maximum intensity in dark field and an increase of minimum intensity in light field. Experimental evidence of the influence of optical retarders is also shown.

Sprawa arcybiskupa Marcela Lefebvre'a. Teologiczne podstawy konfliktu

1995

La inmaculada transición

1995

Town, industry and city

1995

Une première partie regroupera quelques réflexions conceptuelles et méthodologiques sur les économies d'agglomération et le phénomène d'agglomération. On y trouvera des précisions sur les sources, la nature et le classement des économies d'agglomération et des forces qui peuvent les contrarier, ainsi que sur la dynamique propre du phénomène d'agglomération. Dans une deuxième partie, nous examinerons plus précisément l'intérêt et les limites de l'assimilation entre l'agglomération de la production et la ville, en analysant comment la dimension productive est liée aux autres dimensions de la ville, notamment la dimension sociale. Nous chercherons en particulier quelles représentations de la v…

La literatura infantil i juvenil en català : El lector model en la narrativa

1995

Importance of Individual Enzymes in the Control of Ultimate Carcinogens

1995

The metabolic activation of most chemical mutagens and carcinogens is a prerequisite for their mutagenic and carcinogenic activity. Reactive metabolites are under the control of activating, inactivating and precursor sequestering enzymes. These enzymes are under the long-term control of induction and repression and under the short-term control of posttranslational modification. As far as carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes are concerned, posttranslational modification has received little attention. This short-term regulation may be especially important since it works fast and may affect the enzymatic activity as well as the degradation of the enzyme. The enzymatic activity is modified by activa…

Measurement of the Bs0 lifetime and production rate with Ds−ℓ+ combinations in Z decays

1995

Abstract The lifetime of the Bs0 meson is measured in approximately 3 million hadronic Z decays accumulated using the ALEPH detector at LEP from 1991 to 1994. Seven different Ds− decay modes were reconstructed and combined with an opposite sign lepton as evidence of semileptonic Bs0 decays. Two hundred and eight Ds−l+ candidates satisfy selection criteria designed to ensure precise proper time reconstruction and yield a measured Bs0 lifetime of τ(Bs0) = 1.59−0.15+0.17 (stat) ±0.03 (syst) ps. Using a larger, less constrained sample of events, the product branching ratio is measured to be Br ( b → B s 0 ) · Br(B s 0 → D s − l + νX) = 0.82 ± 0.09 (stat) −0.14+0.13 (syst) %.

Deflazacort vs. prednisone in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: trends of an ongoing study

1995

Several studies have demonstrated the slowing effect of corticosteroids on the decline of muscle strength in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Deflazacort (DFC) is supposed to have fewer side effects than prednisone (PRED). An ongoing double blind multicenter study is comparing the effects and side effects of deflazacort (0.9 mg/kg/day) and prednisone (0.75 mg/kg/day) in DMD. This interim report includes data for 67 boys between age 5 years and loss of ambulation. Besides the common clinical and laboratory data for chronic corticoid treatment, motor performance has been tested. Interim results, 3-15 months after starting the medication, show some scattering but no grouping of data for all …

Modele redukcyjne w semantyce

1995

Onnellisena ei muista, miltä suru tuntuu

1995

Stefin A and cathepsin B and L circulating serum levels in patients with malignant or non-malignant liver diseases: A preliminary report

1995

Experimental and clinical studies have recently shown a significant correlation between increased activity levels of lysosomal proteinases Cathepsin B, L in tumor tissues and malignant progression. On the basis of these findings we have undertaken some preliminary studies to evaluate the clinical impact of these enzymes and their intracellular inhibitor Stefin A in patients with malignant and non malignant liver diseases. The serum levels of Cathepsin B, L and Stefin A resulted significantly increased (mean 7 folds) in patients with liver diseases as compared to healthy subjects . these findings suggest that Cathepsin B, Cathepsin L, and Stefin A serum levels may be potentially useful as pr…

Les conceptions de l'orientation des élèves en difficulté

1995

National audience

Analysis of photon-scanning tunneling microscope images of inhomogeneous samples: determination of the local refractive index of channel waveguides

1995

Channel waveguides are imaged by a photon-scanning tunneling microscope (PSTM). The polarization of the light and its orientation with respect to the guide axis are shown to be very important parameters in the analysis of the images of such samples. We simulated image formation for the plane of incidence parallel to the axis of the guide. Our theoretical results are qualitatively in agreement with our measurements. These results show the ability of the PSTM to give information about the local refractive-index variations of a sample.

General Economic Order Quantity Model for Lot Sizing with Quality Loss and Process Analysis

1995

In this paper a new model GEOQ is proposed to decide the optimal lot sizing in production. The GEOQ modifies the classical EOQ method in several aspects. First it considers that there is always a probability that the production goes out-of-control; then it takes the time the process goes out-of-control as a stochastic quantity; and finally it adds quality loss to the economic models. The quality loss is calculated according to Taguchi’s quadratic loss function. and depends on the process failure models. Therefore, the optimal lot sizing is decided not only by the set-up cost and the holding cost but also by the quality loss during the manufacturing process.

Carnauba wax microspheres loaded with valproic acid: Preparation and evaluation of drug release

1995

AbstractTo minimize unwanted toxic effects of valproic acid (1) by the kinetic control of drug release, gastroresistant carnauba wax microspheres loaded with the antiepileptic agent were prepared. The preparation was based on a technique involving melting and dispersion of drug-containing wax in an aqueous medium. The resulting emulsion after cooling under rapid stirring produced solid, discrete, reproducible free flowing microspheres which converted the liquid drug droplets into solid material. About 94% of the isolated microspheres were of particle size range 200-425 μm. The microspheres were analyzed to determine the drug content in various particle size range and to characterize the in …

Endotoxin inhibition of distension-stimulated gastric acid secretion in rat: mediation by NO in the central nervous system

1995

1. The involvement of nitric oxide in the acute inhibitory effects of low doses of endotoxin, following intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) or intravenous (i.v.) administration, on gastric acid secretion stimulated by distension or i.v. infusion of pentagastrin has been investigated in the continuously perfused stomach of the anaesthetized rat. 2. The i.c.v. administration of E. coli endotoxin (800 ng kg-1) abolished the acid secretory response induced by gastric distension (20 cm water intragastric pressure) within 30 min of administration. 3. By contrast, submaximal rates of acid secretion induced by i.v. infusion of pentagastrin (8 micrograms kg-1 h-1) were not inhibited by i.c.v. administr…

Effectiveness of cascade filtration plasmapheresis in two patients affected by familial hypercholesterolemia

1995

Hypercholesterolemia has been recognised as a primary risk factor for coronary heart disease. Reduction of plasma levels of total and LDL cholesterol has been shown to decrease coronary atherosclerosis. Plasmapheresis represents an useful non-pharmacological tool to treat severe hypercholesterolemias. We have evaluated the effectiveness of a system of plasmapheresis using a cascade filtration method in two young male subjects (aged 16 and 26 years) with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Both showed severe coronary atherosclerosis as determined by angiography. Procedures were performed at intervals of 7 days in each case. We observed a mean reduction of plasma levels of total cholest…

"La Commission des Antiquités de la Côte-d'Or (C. A. C. O.) de 1830 à 1870"

1995

Résumé de mémoire de maîtrise d'Histoire.; National audience

Nationalism and Rationality

1995

Mechanism of anionic polymerization of (meth)acrylates in the presence of aluminium alkyls

1995

Summary Methyl methacrylate was polymerized with tert-butyl lithium in the presence of triethylaluminum or triisobutylaluminium at -78~ in toluene. As indicated by GPC and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, the polymerization is accompanied by side reactions. The lower oligomers were fractionated by distillation and characterised by NMR, FT-IR, UV and electron impact (EI) mass spectrometry. All these data show that part of the polymer chains are carrying exactly one tert-butyl isoprenyl ketone unit. In order to avoid the formation of tert-butyl isoprenyl ketone a molar ratio of A1/Li > 2 is necessary.

The use of simulation methods to obtain the structure and conformation of 10-cyano-9,9′-bianthryl by electron diffraction and high-resolution imaging

1995

Abstract Experimental electron diffraction patterns and high-resolution images were used to determine the space group and unit cell dimensions of 10-cyano-9,9′-bianthryl. Subsequently the molecular conformation was calculated by semi-empirical quantum-mechanical methods. The molecule was then placed with the appropriate symmetry into the unit cell and the conformational as well as the packing energy deduced by an iterative procedure until good agreement was obtained between experiment and theory.

Archéozoologie des installations rurales de la fin de l'âge du Fer au début du Moyen Age

1995

Lepetz Sébastien, Méniel Patrice, Yvinec Jean-Hervé. Archéozoologie des installations rurales de la fin de l'Âge du Fer au début du Moyen Âge. In: Histoire & Sociétés Rurales, n°3, 1er semestre 1995. L'histoire rurale en France. Actes du colloque de Rennes (6-7-8 octobre 1994) pp. 169-182.

Contribution à l'étude du mode d'action de la cryptogéine, un éliciteur de réaction de défense chez le tabac

1995

*INRA URD BP 86510 21065 Dijon cedex (FRA) Diffusion du document : INRA URD BP 86510 21065 Dijon cedex (FRA) Diplôme : Maîtrise

La muerte tan temida

1995

Relation between deformation and polarization in the region of diffused phase transition of plzt 8/65/35

1995

Abstract The deformation as a function of polarization was measured in PLZT 8-10/65/35 in the region of diffused phase transition. A different behaviour of deformation in the region of double hysteresis loops was observed corresponding to ferroelectric and nonpolar phases as well as to the field induced phase transition region. In the ferroelectric phase the results are described by electrostriction. The decrease of volume as well as small longitudinal deformations at the field induced transition to ferroelectric state are explained by large remanent deformations, existing in the nonpolar phase. Since description of deformation in the framework of electrostriction cannot be motivated in the…

Der Anspruch auf ein Verfahren innerhalb angemessener Zeit in der Europäischen Menschenrechtskonvention (EMRK)

1995

Angesichts der Schwierigkeiten, aus den Grundgesetzvorschriften einen Anspruch auf Justizgewahrleistung und Verfahren in angemessener Zeit herzuleiten, ist es nicht verwunderlich, wenn das Schrifttum versucht, andere Rechtssatze dafir heranzuziehen.

Zarys chirurgii tętnic i żył dla studentów medycyny, lekarzy pierwszego kontaktu oraz lekarzy chirurgów : opracowanie zbiorowe

1995

Plusvalía y género artístico

1995

The analytic-synthetic distinction

1995

This chapter tries to throw light on the first of Godel’s two main theses in the philosophy of mathematics, namely that mathematical propositions are analytic. To this end, an overview of similar conceptions is presented first in which the views by Frege, Russell Wittgenstein, Carnap and Quine are expounded. Then Godel’s view is analyzed, both in his publications and in the manuscripts which appear in this edition. The presentation of Carnap’s detailed attempt to define analyticity in his The Logical Syntax of Language (1934) may seem rather long in comparison with the ones devoted to the other authors, but it should be recalled that the Godel manuscripts appearing here were a direct philos…

Criterios biomecánicos de diseño de un nuevo sistema de fijación externa: Stronger®

1995

Se presenta el desarrollo de un nuevo sistema de fijación externa basado en estudios de investigación aplicada, cuyos resultados se han plasmado en criterios de diseño clínicos y biomecánicos. Los aspectos novedosos contemplados se refieren a un aumento de la rigidez del montaje en base a la fijación y el dentado de las rótulas de articulación. Asimismo, se facilita la técnica quirúrgica mediante el taladrado y colocación de las agujas sin la utilización de plantillas y la posibilidad de corregir desplazamientos en el foco fractuario de forma independiente en los tres planos del espacio. Finalmente, se ha diseñado un sistema de monitorización, acoplable al fijador, para caracterizar mecánic…

El poblado ibérico de La Covalta (Albaida, Valencia y Agres, Alicante): estudio de las cerámicas ibéricas y su aportación a la problemática sobre su …

1995

El primer modelo liberal en España (1821)

1995

La unificación de nuestras universidades, una misma norma legal para todas ellas, fue una aspiración ilustrada. El decreto de 29 de junio de 1821 constituía la primera ley de educación o instrucción pública de los liberales.

Steady-state fluorescence emission studies on polyazacyclophane macrocyclic receptors and on their adducts with hexacyanocobaltate(III)

1995

The steady-state fluorescence emission spectra of the azacyclophanes 2,5,8,11-tetraaza[12] paracyclophane (L1), 2,6,9,13-tetraaza[14]paracyclophane (L2), 14,15,17,18-tetramethyl-2,5,8,11-tetraaza[12]paracyclophane (L3) and 16,17,19,20-tetramethyl-2,6,9,13-tetraaza[14]paracyclophane (L4) as a function of pH have been measured. The fully protonated species of each cyclophane gives the highest fluorescence-emission quantum yield. The shapes of the titration curves have been explained by the existence of an electron-transfer quenching effect from a non-protonated amine to the benzene chromophore. This effect is greater for macrocycles in which the first deprotonated amine group is closer to the…

Pericyclische Schlüsselreaktionen in biologischen Systemen und biomimetische Synthesen – eine Übersicht –

1995

Quantification of cadmium-induced metallothionein in crustaceans by the silver-saturation method

1995

Metallothionein (MT) has been proposed as a specific biochemical probe for metal exposure of aquatic organisms. It is recognized that its usefulness as a monitoring tool depends on the full understanding of its function and on the possibility of measuring its concentration in tissues. Therefore the study of MT in crustaceans is interesting from two different points of view: the need to understand mechanisms associated with the toxicology of metals, and the potential use of this protein for monitoring metal-contamined environments. Several methods have been developed for quantitative measurements of MT in biological samples. Immunochemical and electrochemical procedures are reliable techniqu…

El forage descompresivo en la necrosis isquémica de la cabeza femoral : experiencia clínica en 34 casos

1995

Se analizan los resultados obtenidos mediante el forage descompresivo de caderas afectas de necrosis isquémica de la cabeza femoral. Se efectuaron 34 forages en 27 pacientes, siendo la edad media de 44 años. Veintitrés caderas se clasificaron como estadio I de Ficat y 11 como estadio II. En cuanto a su etiología 17 caderas se consideraron idiopáticas, en 15 había antecedentes de ingesta elevada de alcohol, 1 presentaba antecedentes de ingesta de corticoides y otra había sufrido una fractura luxación de cadera 6 meses antes. Tras un seguimiento medio de 74 meses, el 74% de pacientes en estadio I permanecen asintomáticos y estabilizados radiológicamente y sólo en el 18% del estadio II se obtu…