showing 36 of ~574560 from 574555 documents

The theory of informal transactions in bureaucracies: some qualifications

1986

The ambition of the paper is certainly not to change substantially Breton and Wintrobe‘s story. We can be sure that many of the differentpieces that they have forged and assembled in their book v ill be replaced or modified in the course of time. This is the fate of all interesting theories. But only time-consuming and collective efforts can achieve this. The only ambition of this paper is a small beginning in that direction. Section II of the paper compares some of the mechanisms, others than trust, vhich have been proposed to explain self-enforcing exchanges. Then, Breton 8nd Wint robe's modelling of trust and trust accumulation is looked at critically in Section III. Section IV presents …

economy[ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and financesinformal transaction[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance[SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance

Hegel contemporaneo

1986

Messa a fuoco del ruolo che il riferimento ad Hegel ha assunto nel dibattito filosofico del Novecento intorno alle questioni fondamentali della metafisica

Hegel Novecento metafisica storiaSettore M-FIL/01 - Filosofia Teoretica

Chopelain, 1986CHOPELAIN (P.).-Monsieur Martinez s’en va, Supplément le Monde Junior, deuxième prix du Concours Junior Reporter, Journal Le Monde du …

1986

[SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences

Innovationsschübe durch Außenseiter: Das Beispiel des Amateur-Astronomen William Herschel

1986

Innovatory advances by outsiders: The example of the amateur astronomer William Herschel. — Every scientific experience and perception has been gained from within a particular historical situation constituted by numerous components, both internal and external to a particular science, called praesentabilia (Prasentabilien). They enable and determine the scope and the experiental pale of any given science as well as its way and method of acquiring experience and knowledge. The interaction of such praesentabilia forms, what may be called the Historische Erfahrungsraum (‘historical field of experience’), which each individual and/or (greater/smaller) group shares in respectively. A scientific (…

HistoryAstronomerReproduction (economics)Field (Bourdieu)media_common.quotation_subjectAcknowledgementHistoricity (philosophy)EpistemologyHistory and Philosophy of SciencePerceptionPosition (finance)SociologyAmateurmedia_commonBerichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte

La fécondité des classes populaires à Chartres au 18e siècle

1986

International audience

ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS

الا زمة الا قتصادية و ازمة التربية : آفاق مستقبلية

1986

Traduction en arabe de l'article de François Orivel "Crise économique et crise de l'éducation : quelques perspectives"; International audience

Coût de l'éducationCrise de l'enseignementEffet[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationQualité de l'éducation[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationBudget de l'éducationSystème éducatifCrise économique

El término D[ominus] N[oster] en la amonedación romana: su introducción en la 1ª Tetrarquía

1986

lcsh:CHumanidadeslcsh:Archaeologylcsh:CC1-960lcsh:Auxiliary sciences of historyHistoriaUNESCO::HISTORIA::Ciencias auxiliares de la historia::Arqueología:HISTORIA::Ciencias auxiliares de la historia::Arqueología [UNESCO]

Iglesia y poder real en la Valencia del Quinientos: la figura del Canciller del Reino

1986

Administración de justiciaCancilleresUNESCO::HISTORIA::Historia por épocas::Historia antiguaConflictos jurisdiccionalesIglesia CatólicaCancillería real:HISTORIA::Historia por épocas::Historia antigua [UNESCO]Administración real

Differential polyadenylation pattern of ovalbumin precursor RNAs during development.

1986

The expression of the ovalbumin gene encoding for the major hen oviduct protein slows down with age. Analysis of Northern blots of electrophoretically separated total and poly(A) + RNA from oviducts of hens of different age with an ovalbumin-specific probe (nick-translated 9.5 kb ovalbumin gene DNA cloned into pBR322) revealed that the largest high molecular weight ovalbumin RNA precursor (7.9 kb band, representing the putative primary transcript of the ovalbumin gene) was most intense if total RNA from non-egg-laying old hen oviduct was checked as compared to that from egg-laying mature animals. On the other side, the 7.9 kb RNA precursor band was readily detected in the poly(A) + RNA from…

Aginganimal structuresPolyadenylationOvalbuminOviductsBiologyPrimary transcriptGeneticsAnimalsNorthern blotRNA MessengerProtein PrecursorsRNA Processing Post-TranscriptionalMolecular BiologyGeneMessenger RNARNANucleic Acid HybridizationGeneral MedicineMolecular biologyMolecular WeightOvalbuminbiology.proteinOviductFemalePoly AChickensMolecular biology reports

Identification du (-) spathulénol dans l'huile essentielle de bourgeons de cassis (Ribes nigrum L.)

1986

National audience

[SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionCASSISSIER[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMETHODOLOGIE

La estructura por edades de la población valenciana: Estudio comarcal

1986

La estructura por edades de la población del País Valenciano presenta profundas disparidades comarcales. La situación se relaciona especialmente con las corrientes migratorias que han afectado de forma contrapuesta al territorio valenciano. Los resultados permiten distinguir estructuras con un importante volumen de población joven, especialmente en las zonas costeras y en el sur del País, frente a comarcas envejecidas sobre todo interiores. Ello lleva consigo problemas diferentes en cuanto a la dinámica demográfica y actividad laboral.

UNESCO::HISTORIAGeografíaGeociencias. Medio ambienteGrupo B:HISTORIA [UNESCO]

Población y poblamiento en la Huerta de Valencia a finales de la Edad Media

1986

Población y poblamiento en la Huerta de Valencia a fines de la Edad Media. La Huerta de Valencia es una de las comarcas de más elevada densidad de todo el país. Mediante los censos fiscales del morabati se estudian sus circunstancias demográficas en un periodo clave de la evolución histórica, como es el transito de la Edad Media a la Moderna, que va a ser determinante de muchas de sus características posteriores. .

GeografíaUNESCO::HISTORIAGeociencias. Medio ambienteGrupo B:HISTORIA [UNESCO]

Training-induced changes in neuromuscular performance under voluntary and reflex conditions.

1986

To investigate training-induced changes in neuromuscular performance under voluntary and reflex contractions, 11 male subjects went through heavy resistance (high loads of 70-120% of one maximum repetition) and 10 male subjects through explosive type (low loads with high contraction velocities) strength training three times a week for 24 weeks. A large increase (13.9%, p less than 0.01) in voluntary unilateral maximal knee extension strength with only slight and insignificant changes in time of isometric force production were observed during heavy resistance strength training. Explosive type strength training resulted in a small insignificant increase in maximal strength but in considerable…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsPhysiologyStrength trainingNeuromuscular JunctionIsometric exerciseElectromyographyKnee extensionPhysical medicine and rehabilitationPhysiology (medical)Internal medicineIsometric ContractionMaximal strengthReflexmedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineKnee extensorsmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryElectromyographyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral MedicineTurnoverCardiologyReflexPhysical EndurancebusinessEuropean journal of applied physiology and occupational physiology

Obtención de alcaloides cardiotónicos a partir del ácido abiético y deshidroabiético

1986

UNESCO::QUÍMICAChemistry Organic:QUÍMICA [UNESCO]

Pre- and Postsynaptic Effects of Muscarinic Antagonists in the Isolated Guinea Pig Ileum

1986

Several compounds have been claimed to differentiate between subtypes of muscarinic receptors (2). In the experiments described in this chapter we have studied in the guinea-pig ileum whether the presynaptic muscarinic receptors of the cholinergic nerves differ from the postsynaptic muscarinic receptors of the longitudinal muscle in their affinities for several muscarinic antagonists (methylatropine; trihexyphenidyl; clozapine; DAMP). Inhibition by oxotremorine of the evoked release of acetylcholine (ACh) was used as a parameter of presynaptic activity, and the increase by oxotremorine of smooth muscle tension as a postsynaptic parameter. The affinity constants (pA2 values) of the antagonis…

ChemistryPostsynaptic potentialMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicineAntagonistOxotremorineMuscarinic antagonistPharmacologyReceptorMuscarinic agonistAcetylcholinemedicine.drug

Aproximación al sistema impositivo de la Generalidad: el tall del drap en el área alicantina (siglos XIV y XV)

1986

La clasificacion de los impuestos puede hacerse, al menos, desde dos puntos de vista: en base a la titularidad o al concepto. La viabilidad de la primera ha sido puesta en crisis por algunos autores que se inclinan por la segunda (1). La utilidad de esta ultima es, a nuestro juicio, indudable, pero requiere, en el confuso panorama de los impuestos medievales valencianos, una definicion previa de los conceptos impositivos que permita la mencionada clasificacion.

AlicanteUNESCO::HISTORIARecaudación de impuestosImpuestosSistema impositivoHumanidadesD111-203Valencia (Reino)General MedicineTall de drapHistoriaMedieval historySiglos XIV-XV:HISTORIA [UNESCO]

Europa o la interculturalidad

1986

Publicaciones: Obra periodística: Columnas y artículos de opiniónInterculturalidadMulticulturalismoVidal-Beneyto JoséCULTURAAcciones: Acciones de una vida: Acciones Internacionales: Relaciones España/FranciaDiversidad culturalEmigraciónPluralismoEUROPAMulticulturalidad

Aplicación de la fotopletismografía al estudio de la circulación parietal del tubo digestivo, en condiciones basales, distensión e isquemia-revascula…

1986

Health Sciences Medicine and SurgeryUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICAS:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]

Capacitats i events

1986

Crítica de reduir les capacitats humanes a disposicions naturals.

An inherited deficiency of the third component of complement, C3, in guinea pigs

1986

Hereditary deficiency of the third component of complement, C3, is found very seldom in the human. C3 deficiency is associated with severe bacterial infections revealing the central role of C3 in complement activation via the classical or alternative pathway. We describe a new hereditary C3 deficiency in strain 2 guinea pigs. Serum from these animals had a markedly reduced lytic activity in a standard assay for complement-dependent, antibody-mediated cytotoxicity. In functional assays of individual components, the hemolytic activity of the components C4, C2, C5 and of factors B, D and H was in the normal range. The functional C3 titer, and similarly C3 antigenic activity in the serum of the…

Blood Bactericidal ActivityGuinea PigsImmunologyMacrophage-1 Antigenchemical and pharmacologic phenomenaBiologyHemolysisMajor Histocompatibility ComplexGuinea pigInbred strainAntigenIn vivoAnimalsImmunology and AllergyComplement ActivationRecombination GeneticComplement C3Molecular biologyIn vitroPedigreeReceptors ComplementComplement systemImmunologyAlternative complement pathwaybiology.proteinC3a receptorEuropean Journal of Immunology

Un precedent en la recuperació del patrimoni reial al País Valencià: la jurisdicció d'Onda, 1393

1986

NoblezaUNESCO::HISTORIA::Historia por épocas::Historia antiguaReal PatrimonioConflictos jurisdiccionalesMonarquíaConflictos políticos:HISTORIA::Historia por épocas::Historia antigua [UNESCO]Señoríos nobiliarios

A note on conjugation involutions on homotopy complex projective spaces

1986

Algebran-connectedPure mathematicsHomotopy categoryGeneral MathematicsComplex projective spaceWhitehead theoremProjective spaceCofibrationQuaternionic projective spaceRegular homotopyMathematicsJapanese journal of mathematics. New series

Ein revolutionäres Währungssystem

1986

Aspectos citoquímicos y morfométricos de la fibrosis glútea

1986

Los autores realizan un análisis de los hallazgos anatomopatológicos y valores cuantitativos obtenidos aplicando las técnicas de histoquímica y morfometría en 9 casos de fibrosis glútea. Entre las lesiones descritas se cita una atrofia muscular de las fibras tipo I con hipertrofia de las fibras tipo 2B y distintas modificaciones celulares que representan una alteración primaria de la fibra muscular.

UNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICAS:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]

Veure i errors visuals

1986

Tractaré en aquest article d'un problema que ha preocupat últimament als filòsofs: el veure. I dic el veure, ja que, tot i haver-se parlat, debatut i polemitzat sobre la percepció, aquesta ha quedat sempre reduïda en la majoria dels estudis a la percepció merament visual; entre altres coses, per ser Ja que compta amb major tradició epistemològica. Parlaré, doncs, del veure. I ho faré tot oposant-me a una teoria, el fenomenisme, que és ja antiga i que ha estat reiteradament criticada, encara que no sé si refutada. De fet, els filòsofs s'han preocupat més de rebatre aquesta positura que no pas d'hoferir-hi alguna alternativa. Potser perquè l'alternativa consistesca en seguir pa…

Percepció

Effect of Electrical Stimulation on Denervated Muscle

1986

The possibilities of noninvasive treatment in peripheral nerve injuries are limited. Although it is well known that the severance of a nerve results in paralysis of the dependent tissue, the methods of treating a denervated muscle are still controversial. The most obvious result of denervation is muscle atrophy and paralysis. In 1841 Reid forced the denervated muscle to contract by electrical stimulation to replace the loss of activity and observed that this treatment retarded atrophy. Since then, there has been continuing interest in preventing muscle atrophy with electrotherapy. Peripheral nerve injuries in the two world wars were, for instance, extensively treated with electrical stimula…

DenervationSoleus musclebusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentmedicine.diseaseMuscle atrophyAtrophyElectrotherapyAnesthesiaPeripheral nerve injurymedicineParalysismedicine.symptombusinessMuscle contraction

A variational inequality approach to constrained control problems

1986

säätöteorianumeeriset menetelmätvariaatiolaskentamatemaattinen optimointiepäyhtälöt

Финансово-кредитные рычаги стимулирования экономии материальных ресурсов

1986

Сборник научных трудов посвящен стимулированию экономии материальных ресурсов. Впервые разработаны теоре­тические основы влияния финансово-­кредитных рычагов на материальную заинтересованность трудовых коллективов и отдельных работников. Особое внимание уделяется усилению воздейс­твия механизма распределения прибыли, образования и использования фондов экономического стимулирования, совершенствованию механизма кредитования.

Экономия материальных ресурсов:SOCIAL SCIENCES::Business and economics::Economics [Research Subject Categories]Финансо-кредитные рычагиFinanšu instrumentiКредитМатериальная заинтересованностьKredīti

Ribonucleic Acid

1986

BiochemistryChemistry

Interferencias de amplitudes de corrientes neutras débiles y electromagnéticas

1986

:FÍSICA [UNESCO]UNESCO::FÍSICAPhysics Electricity and Magnetism

Acute Effects of Mechanical Vibration

1986

We know that man possesses a highly developed ability to adjust to different environmental conditions. For this function there are physiological regulatory systems, which release reactions in him for protection against such influences. Thus, receptors for light, smell, taste, temperature, sound, touch, position change, pressure, and tension are at hand which, as parts of the cybernetics system, can release physiologically meaningful protective reactions.

Acute effectsTasteMechanical vibrationChemistryVertical vibrationNeuroscience

Skyrme-force parametrization: Least-squares fit to nuclear ground-state properties.

1986

We investigate systematically the possibilities and the limits of the Skyrme force for reproducing nuclear ground-state properties in a spherical Hartree-Fock calculation. This investigation is performed by means of least-squares fits of the force parameters to the measured binding energy, diffraction radius, and surface width of eight selected nuclei. Particular emphasis is put on the density dependence of the interaction, which turns out to be determined mainly by the surface width. The least-squares fitting procedure yields the best-fit parameters together with uncertainties on them, and it also allows one to estimate the uncertainties of an extrapolation to other fields, e.g., nuclear m…

PhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsQuantum electrodynamicsGiant resonanceBinding energyNuclear structureExtrapolationNuclear matterRandom phase approximationParametrizationResonance (particle physics)Physical review. C, Nuclear physics

Conformation of a chain polyelectrolyte in solution with low molecular weight salt: small angle neutron scattering measurements

1986

Small angle neutron scattering measurements have been carried out on the tetramethylammonium salt of the polystyrenesulfonic acid withDP w =310 and 1060 in water solution with tetramethylammonium chloride with ionic strength between 0.02 M and 1.0 M. The scattering curves in the scattering vector range 0.05 nm−1≤Q≤1.8nm−1 have been fitted using the form factor of a worm-like chain of finite thickness. The conformational parameters mean square radius of gyration, statistic chain element, mass per unit length and mean square radius of the cross-section have been determined experimentally and used for describing the conformation of the coils. By these molecular weights and ionic strengths, exc…

TetramethylammoniumPolymers and PlasticsScatteringIonic bondingThermodynamicsNeutron scatteringSmall-angle neutron scatteringchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryIonic strengthTetramethylammonium chlorideMaterials ChemistryRadius of gyrationPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryColloid & Polymer Science

Aproximación a la cultura gráfica de los boticarios a finales de la Edad Media

1986

UNESCO::HISTORIA::Historia por épocas::Historia antiguaTipología:HISTORIA::Historia por épocas::Historia antigua [UNESCO]BoticariosAlfabetizaciónEscrituraLectura

Muscarinic Receptor Activation Increases Efflux of Choline from Isolated Heart and Rat Cortex in Vivo. Interactions with Forskolin and IBMX

1986

Muscarinic receptor activation modulates functions of the heart and neurotransmission in the peripheral and central nervous system. Moreover, muscarinic agonists produce changes in the metabolism of, for example, heart tissue, such as inhibition of beta-adrenoceptor-mediated cAMP accumulation, glycogenolysis and lipase activation.

medicine.medical_specialtyIBMXGlycogenolysisForskolinCentral nervous systemMuscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2NeurotransmissionPharmacologychemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryInternal medicineMuscarinic acetylcholine receptormedicineCholine

The significance of the pre-S region of the hepatitis B virus

1986

Hepatitis B virusHepatitis B virusHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatologyHepatitis B virus DNA polymeraseBiologyHepatitis Bbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.disease_causeVirologyHepatitis B virus PRE betaViruschemistry.chemical_compoundHepadnaviridaechemistrymedicineHumansOncovirusDNAJournal of Hepatology