Complement components in relation to macrophage function

1983

Prebiotic polypeptides and the origin of biological information.

1983

Recent data on the origin of biological information are reviewed. These data corroborate the view that polyamino acids were the first informational polymers. The source of information is seen in the chemical reactivity of amino acids, their prebiotic abundance and the prebiotic environment. Evidence is presented in favor of Matsuno's protohypercycle that may have preceded Eigen's hypercycle, but that involves a translation of information from polypeptides into that of polynucleotides.

Doppler and B-mode ultrasound for avascular nephrotomy.

1983

AbstractDoppler sonography for intraoperative localization of the intrarenal arteries combined with B-scan sonography for intraoperative visualization of stones allows complete stone removal via small radial nephrotomies for which clamping of the renal artery is no longer necessary. Since September 1980 we used this technique on 35 patients with staghorn or recurrent calculi. The main advantages of this technique are exact and quick stone localization, minimal loss of renal function owing to preservation of the intrarenal vascular system, and no need for renal ischemia and cooling.

First experiences with a high-resolution ultrasonic scanner in the diagnosis of malignant melanomas

1983

The use of high-resolution ultrasonic instruments with transducer frequencies above 8 MHz makes it possible to visualize malignant melanomas of a thickness of more than 0.7 mm. While the sonolucent structure has not permitted the dignity of a lesion to be judged to date, it is easy to determine the maximal tumor thickness as well as infiltration of the subcutis. Thus "low-risk" and "high-risk" melanomas may be differentiated preoperatively according to these parameters. The results are of great use for the operator to plan the extent of his intervention, as well as to select patients for prophylactic regional lymphonodectomy.

Protonation and methylation reactions of 2-pyridyl-palladium(II) and -platinum(II) complexes

1983

Abstract The reactions of strong acids HX and HClO4 with the 2-pyridyl complexes [PdX(μ-C5H4N-C2,N)(PPh3)]2 (X = Cl, Br), trans-[PdCl(C5H4N-C2)(PEt3)2] and [PdCl(C5H4N-C2)(dppe)] yield the N-protonated derivatives cis-[PdX2-(C5H5N-C2)(PPh3)], trans-[PdCl(C5H5N-C2)(PEt3)2]ClO4 and [PdCl-(C5H5N-C2)(dppe)]ClO4, respectively. The terminal 2-pyridyl group of trans-[PdCl(C5H4N-C2)(PEt3)2] and [PdCl(C5H4N-C2)(dppe)] also reacts with Me2SO4/NaClO4 to give trans-[PdClC5H4(l-Me)N-C2(PEt3)2]ClO4 and [PdClC5H4(l-Me)N-C2(dppe)]ClO4. Analogous N-protonation or N-methylation reactions occur with trans-[PtBr(C5H4N-C2)(L)2] (L = PEt3, PPh3). The complexes trans-[MX(C5H5N-C2)(PMe2Ph)2]ClO4 (M = Pd, X = Cl an…

Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in acromegaly

1983

To evaluate the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in acromegaly, total and free thyroid hormones and TSH response to TRH were determined in 36 acromegalic patients. In 10 patients, rT3 and thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) were also assayed by radioimmunoassay. In 15 patients the TSH response to TRH was also studied after medical or surgical therapy of the acromegaly. In 34 patients total thyroid hormones were in the normal range whereas two patients had low serum levels of free thyroid hormones. Thirty-two of the acromegalic patients were euthyroid. However, only 43.7% of the euthyroid patients had a normal TSH response to TRH. Nine patients had a reduced TSH rise after TRH, whereas in 4 …

Tungsten oxides as catalysts in selective oxidation

1983

Abstract The reaction of allyl iodide was studied at the surface of four tungsten oxides and molybdenum trioxide. On WO2.95 and MoO3, in which crystallographic shear structures are formed on reduction, acrolein is produced at 300–400 °C, whereas W18O49 and WO2, which do not show this property, are inactive, as is WO3. It is concluded that the transformation of a corner-linked into an edge-linked arrangement of metal-oxygen octahedra provides a facile route for insertion of oxygen into a hydrocarbon molecule.

Relationship between conformation and physicochemical properties of polypeptides. II. GPC as a tool for the detection of conformational transitions o…

1983

The effect of substituted urea herbicides on the growth of excised tomato roots

1983

Summary The action of 23 herbictdal substituted ureas on the growth of excised tomato roots was studied in order to determine whether there is a link between the effects of these herbicides on oxidative phosphorylation and on the growth of non-photosynthetic tissues. Fourteen of these herbicides were inhibitory; chlortoluron and TBU were stimulatory but only in the light. Substituted ureas known to affect plant mitochondria inhibited root growth but to a lesser extent than some which had no action on mitochondria. No clear relationship was found between actions on mitochondria and on root growth. It is suggested that targets other than photosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation exist for …

Effect of the hydrophobic spacer in bonded [Cu(l-hydroxyprolyl)alkyl]+ silicas on retention and enantioselectivity of α-amino acids in high-performan…

1983

Abstract The following chiral ligands were bonded to silica: [Cu( l -hydroxyprolyl)methyl) + on LiChrosorb Si 60 (1), [Cu( l -hydroxyprolyl)methyl] + on LiChrosorb Si 100 (2) and [Cu( l -hydroxyprolyl) n -octyl] + on LiChrosorb Si 100 (3). The packings contained residual iodomethyl- and ω-iodooctyl groups at the surface. Studies on packing 1 and 2 under comparable conditions in eluents containing 10 -4 M copper acetate showed a higher retention on 1 than on 2 but a much better enantioselectivity in the latter case. The retention of enantiomers on all packings examined was found to be governed by the eluent pH and methanol content as well as by the concentration of ammonium acetate. The vari…

Importance of Factors H and I for the Adherence of C3b-Coated Erythrocytes to Cells

1983

Abstract The role of cell membrane-associated human factor H for the binding of cell-bound Cab to complement receptor-carrying (CR + ) cells was investigated. Pretreatment of CR + cells with antibodies to factor H inhibited the adherence of Cab-coated red cells to human tonsil lymphocytes (TL) and peripheral blood monocytes (Mo). The Cab receptor reactivity of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) was not influenced and the one of Raji lymphoblastoid cells only slightly influenced; iC3b and Cad receptor reactivity was in no case affected. When diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) in a concentration of 0.1 mM was present during pretreatment of the CR + cells with anti H, the antibodies gained…

Microdisc-electrophoretic study of deoxyribonucleases in cow snout epidermis

1983

Acid and neutral deoxyribonucleases (DNases) of the cow snout epidermis were investigated by the microdisc-electrophoresis of polyacrylamide gels containing highly polymerized DNA and by isoelectric focusing techniques. The nucleases were characterized with respect to their pH optimum. An acid DNase at pH 5.0 was detected as a single distinct band after the electrophoretic separation. After isoelectric focussing also, only one acid DNase activity with an isoelectric point (IP) of 6.2 was detectable. Neutral DNases at pH 7.4 were demonstrated as major and minor bands by their different electrophoretic mobilities. In the isoelectric focusing system also, two neutral DNases, a major one (IP, 4…

The decay of153Tb oriented in a gadolinium host

1983

Revised Analysis of the Structure of the v1 Band of Methane

1983

Abstract The CARS spectrum of the v 1 band of 12 CH 4 at a pressure of 14 mbar was recorded using cw excitation in the cavity of a ring argon ion laser. The analysis of the intensity profile of the obarred spectrum led to the detection of inconsistencies with the hitherto proposed calculated positions of transitions with J = 7 to J = 10 and to a relocation of the corresponding lines.

Lepton-number violation with quasi-Dirac neutrinos

1983

We investigate lepton-number violation in weak interactions with massive Dirac neutrinos. In the framework of a simple $\mathrm{SU}{(3)}_{L}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}\mathrm{U}(1)$ electroweak model we find that neutrinos naturally acquire only Dirac masses at tree level, and for an odd number of lepton families, one neutrino remains massless. After a spontaneous breakdown of symmetry we find that the SU(2)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}U(1) effective theory has lepton-number-violating currents which couple to the standard gauge bosons. Flavorconserving $|\ensuremath{\Delta}l|=2$ processes such as neutrinoless double-$\ensuremath{\beta}$ decay are forbidden in the simplest model,…

Complexes of molybdenum(VI) with organic diacid ligands: The molybdenum(VI)-malonic acid system

1983

Malonic acid (C3O4H4) and MoVI form in aqueous solution two dinuclear dioxo-complexes of which the stability is a function of the pH of the medium. Both complexes have a 1∶1 metal-ligand stoichiometric ratio, and the interconversion may involve a structural rearrangement. Conditional dissociation constants have been determined spectrophotometrically. Saline cryoscopy supports the spectrophotometric results. Salts of [Co(en)3]3+ have been isolated. The ligand behaviour of malonic acid differs partially from that observed for α-polyhydroxy ligands.

Stopped development in overcrowded cultures of Drosophila melanogaster.

1983

The experimental herbicide UKJ72J is an inhibitor of succinate oxidation in plant mitochondria

1983

not received UKJ72J Herbicide Thiopyrimidine Plant mitochondria Inhibitor Succinate oxidation

ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of the Microwave Dielectric Resonator Ba2Ti9O20.

1983

A single-crystal X-ray study of dibarium nonatitanate, Ba2Ti9O20, yielded the triclinic space group P 1 with a=0.7471(1), b= 1.4081(2), c= 1.4344(2) nm, α=89.94(2)°, β= 79.43(2)°, γ= 84.45(2)°, V = 1.476 nm3 Z = 4, and Dx= 4.61 Mg/m3. A refinement of atomic coordinates and isotropic thermal parameters led to a residual of 0.03. The structure consists of hexagonally closest-packed layers of Ba and O atoms in the sequence (hch)3. All Ti atoms reside in octahedral interstices of this closest packing. The various Ti coordination octahedra share only edges and corners with each other. One-half of the Ba atoms is twelve-coordinated by oxygen atoms, the other half is eleven-coordinated.

Period-multiplying bifurcations and multifurcations in conservative mappings

1983

The authors have investigated numerically and analytically the period-doubling bifurcations and multifurcations of the periodic orbits of the conservative sine-Gordon mappings. They have derived a general equation for the appearance of multifurcations in conservative mappings. In agreement with many recent studies, they also find evidence that such mappings possess universality properties. They also discuss the role of multifurcations in conservative mappings exhibiting chaotic behaviour.

MICROANASTOMOSI ARTERIOSE CON POLYGLACTIN 910 IN RATTI IN ACCRESCIMENTO

1983

A preliminary issue on effective results of polyglactin 910 as microvascular anastomosis is reported. Tissue reaction to suture material seems to be minor than to prolene or other not absorbible material

Use of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies as structural and topographical probes for hepatic epoxide hydrolase

1983

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies have been prepared against rat liver epoxide hydrolase (EH), some of which gave precipitation lines on immunodiffusion against pure EH suggesting the presence of repetitive structural domains on the enzyme. Using ELISA, with polyclonal antibodies to rat and rabbit liver EH, reactivity and therefore structural similarities between EH of all species tested, including human, were observed. This was in contrast to immunodiffusion results demonstrating the limitations of the latter technique. Using monoclonal antibodies in ELISA, greatest structural similarity was between rat, mouse, and Syrian hamster EH and relatively little between rat and human. Two of the antib…

Primary in vivo T cell reactivity of NZB grafts in H-2 identical allogenic hosts.

1983

By means of the Simonson GVH-assay and the popliteal lymph node (PLN) assay, the T-cell reactivity of NZB mice against H-2 identical allogenic cells was investigated in vivo and compared to that of normal mice. None of the normal mice did react, but a highly significant NZB response could be demonstrated, which did not depend on differences in Mls antigens. These in vivo results extend previous findings of a T-cell hyperreactivity of NZB mice in primary in vitro reactions. They favour the possibility that the T-cell hyperreactivity might be relevant in vivo in facilitating autoimmune responses.

Rheological studies of moderately concentrated polystyrene solutions. I. A new method for the extrapolation of the zero-shear viscosity

1983

Measurements of the viscosity coefficient η of solutions of polystyrene (Mw = 6.0 × 105 and 1.77 × 106) in trans-decalin (TD, θ solvent) and toluene (TL, good solvent) as function of shear rate (11−104 s−1), concentration (4.24−11.21 wt %), and temperature (10–50°C) are reported. As a new theoretically grounded method for the determination of the zero-shear viscosity η0 it is proposed to plot η as a function of . The intercepts of the straight lines obtained by this procedure give η0 in good agreement with directly measured values.

Distribution of electric multipole strengths in58Ni

1983

Inelastic electron scattering of 124 and 180 MeV electrons from58Ni has been measured for momentum transfers of 0.4 fm−1≤q≤1.2 fm−1 with an energy resolution of 110 keV. Using DWBA form factors with Tassie transition densities, we have extracted the electric multipole strength forL≤4 residing in 28 discrete states and in the inelastic continuum below 22.5 MeV of excitation.

Deuteron electrodisintegration near threshold at high momentum transfer

1983

Electrodisintegration of the deuteron near the break-up threshold is a particularly striking example of the existence of exchange currents (EC). While the conventional one-body current contribution grossly underestimates the experimental cross-section up to a momentum transfer of aboutq μ 2 =15 fm−2, the inclusion of EC—dominantly π-MEC—leads to a drastic increase in satisfactory agreement with experimental data up toq 2=9 fm−2.

Infrared bandshapes of intramolecularly H-bonded systems, 2,4,6-tribromophenol

1983

Abstract A detailed quantitative analysis of the IR bandshape of the ν S (OH) vibration of 2,4,6-tribromophenol in a series of solvents of varying polarity is presented. A distinct dependence of band parameters on solvent polarity has been found. Various contributions to the bandshape are discussed.

The dexamethasone suppression test in depressed patients: Clinical and biochemical aspects

1983

Summary Endogenous depression (ED) is regarded as a psychiatric disease with a biological pathogenesis. Consequently patients with ED respond favourably to somatic treatment, whereas for non-endogenously depressed patients drug-treatment would be often inappropriate. Until now, psychopathologists have failed to define precisely the endogenous subtype of depression on clinical features alone. It is well established that a subgroup of depressed patients shows hypersecretion of Cortisol and consequently inadequate suppression of Cortisol after a test dose of dexamethasone. This dexamethasone suppression test (DST) was introduced as a laboratory marker, specifically identifying endogenously dep…

Contributions of internal nucleon structure to the nuclear charge and current operators

1983

The relativistic pair current and contributions of nucleon isobars are evaluated in the constituent-quark model. Isovector charge and isoscalar current contributions change substantially compared to previous calculations. The magnetic form factor of the deuteron and the charge form factors of3He and3H are modifed significantly and the previously predicted large differences in the form factors of3He and3H are considerably reduced.

A mechanism forming silicic segregations from basaltic magma discovered in igneous rocks of Western Sicily

1983

Summary. Mechanisms forming silicic segregations from basaltic magmas are considered of primary importance when dealing with magmatic problems. However, the processes which give rise to silicic segregations from basaltic magmas are so far obscure. Fortunately, the discovery of spheroidal felsic masses in some basic rocks of Western Sicily throws light on this subject. To clarify the relationships between felsic and basic fractions particular attention has been paid to the interactions which occurred at their contact. Textural evidence indicates that the accretion mechanism of the Sicilian felsic segregations tends to obliterate the silicate liquid immiscibility effects and suggests that the…

false

1983

Synthese a partir de l'hexahydro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a benzodioxepinne-2,4. Polymerisation en masse en un produit incolore, cireux (Tg=−11°C)

Strategie scolastiche e dinamiche di differenziazione

1983

International audience

Heterocyclic rearrangements. Phenylhydrazones andN-methyl-N-phenylhydrazones of 3-acylisoxazoles

1983

The reaction of 3-benzoyl-5-phenylisoxazole (4) and 3-acetyl-5-methylisoxazole (5) with phenylhydrazine and N-methyl-N-phenylhydrazine has been investigated and the reactivity of (E)- and (Z)-phenylhydrazones and N-methyl-N-phenylhydrazones has been studied.

Metastable ion studies. 4—mass spectral fragmentation and isomerization in the esters of chlorinated propenoic acids

1983

Metastable peaks have been used to study the fragmentation pathways of the methyl and trideuteriomethyl chloropropenoates and chloromethyl propenoate. The molecular ion peaks of the unsaturated esters are more intense than those of the saturated esters, α-Cleavage, [MOCH3]+, produces the base peak in almost all compounds, the relative abundances of the additional peaks being low for chloromethyl propenoate. The losses of H2O, CH3. and COOH. indicate the isomerization of some ionized chloro esters to the chlorinated 2-butenoic acid molecular ions. An intense loss of H2O observed for methyl 2-chloropropenoate indicates its most facile isomerization, [ester]+˙ → [acid]+˙, whereas the isomeriza…

Transcription in bacteriophage f1-infected Escherichia coli: Very large RNA species are synthesized on the phage DNA

1983

Fractionation of pulse-labeled RNA extracted from E. coli cells infected with phage f1 and hybridization of this RNA to f1 DNA reveals that very large species are synthesized on the phage genome. Hybridization of the RNA to specific fragments of f1 DNA shows that, in the infected cell, at least one mRNA is present into which the sequences of genes III, VI, and I are all transcribed together. This result fully explains the polar effect shown by gene III mutants on the expression of genes VI and I (Pratt et al. 1966).

Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: A Prospective Investigation in Predominantly Nonalcoholic Cirrhotic Patients

1983

Two hundred and twenty-four consecutive inpatients with cirrhosis, mostly of nonalcoholic etiology, and ascites were prospectively investigated on admission for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) by culture, smear, and polymorphonuclear (PMN) counts of ascitic fluid. Positive cultures were found in 54 patients. A possible intraabdominal source of infection was apparent in five of them, all with clinically overt peritonitis (secondary peritonitis). No intraabdominal source of infection was identified in the remaining 49. These patients were classified into the following groups: (a) SBP, 27 patients (positive cultures plus PMN counts ± 250 per mm3). Nine of them had no clinical features …