showing 36 of ~574560 from 574555 documents
Gunther E. Rothenberg. <italic>Napoleon's Great Adversaries: The Archduke Charles and the Austrian Army, 1792–1814</italic>. Bloomington:…
1983
Capital humain et nouvelles technologies
1983
International audience
Isolierung und Identifizierung von Sterinen im Metabolismus des Pilzes Botrytis cinerea / Isolation and identification of sterols in the metabolism o…
1983
The fungus Botrytis cinerea, which belongs to the class of ascomycetes, has been analysed for its sterol composition. It is able to produce ergosterol, cerevisterol, lanosterol/dihydrolanosterol and cholesterol besides β-sitosterol. The identification of the sterols is carried out with different analytical methods including mass spectrometry. In the extracts of the mycelium also squalene has been identified
The cost of education in developing countries : the problem of cost recovery
1983
International audience; Most developing countries have increased the amount spent publicly on Education at a very high rate during the 60ies. On the whole, this rate has gone sharply down in the 70ies but the trends are no longer uniform. Today, most poor countries find it extremely difficult to achieve their educational goals : sending to school all children at least for five to six years ; eradicating adult illiteracy ; providing enough trained manpower to satisfy their growth needs. As education has up to now been provided free or almost free to the students in a majority ot those countries, most gouvernments are desperately truying not only to reduce unit costs of education but also to …
Comportement en cours d'études et emploi
1983
International audience; Au sein d'une population d'un niveau de formation donné accédant au marché du travail primaire, le niveau de l'emploi atteint sera dépendant des traits de comportement des individus.
Synthese von geschützten Asparagin-Glycopeptiden durch N-terminale Peptidketten- Verlängerung. _ Teilsequenzen der Rinder-Desoxyribonuclease A und de…
1983
N-[2-(Triphenylphosphonio)ethoxycarbonyl] -[Peoc-]asparaginsaure-benzylester (8h) und -tert-butylester (8i) werden mit 2-Acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-desoxy-β -D-glucopyranosylamin (2) zu den N4-Glycosylasparagin-Derivaten 19 verknupft. Aus diesen kann die Peoc-Gruppe selektiv mit Diethylamin/tert-Butylalkohol oder Morpholin/Methylendichlorid abgespalten werden, wobei in den entstandenen N4-Glycosylasparaginestern 22 alle anderen Schutzgruppen und die glycosidische Bindung erhalten bleiben. Durch Kondensation von 22 mit Peoc-Aminosauren 8 entstehen die voll geschutzten N4-Glycosylasparagin-Dipetide 24 und 30. Bei Kondensation der N2 deblockierten N4-Glycosylasparaginester 22 mit den Peoc-…
Synthese von geschützten Serin-Glycopeptiden durch N-terminale Peptidketten-Verlängerung
1983
O-(2-Acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2- desoxy-β-D-glucopyranosyl)serin-methylester (4) wird mit den 2-Phosphonioethoxycarbonyl-(Peoc-)Aminosauren 5 zu den voll geschutzten O-Glycodipeptiden 6 umgesetzt. Aus den Verbindungen 6 wird die Peoc-Gruppe mit Morpholin/Methylendichlorid vollstandig und selektiv zu 7 abgespalten, wobei weder β-Eliminierung des Kohlenhydratteils noch Esteraminolyse zu beobachten ist. Die N-deblockierten Glycodipeptide 7 reagieren mit den Peoc-Aminosauren 5 zu den geschutzten O-Glycotripeptiden 8. Mit Z-Asparagin (9) kann der Leucyl-(O-glycosyl)serinester 7a zum geschutzten Glycotripeptid 10 verknupft werden, das die fur N-Glycoproteine typische Sequenz -Asn-X-Ser- entha…
The beta-decay of95Rb and97Rb
1983
Theβ-decay of 377 ms95Rb and 168ms97Rb has been thoroughly investigated by means ofγ-ray, conversion electron andβ-delayed neutron spectroscopy. More than 97% of theβ-decay to particle-bound states has been placed in level schemes of95Sr and97Sr. High-resolution neutron spectroscopic studies have allowed to extend the knowledge of the excitation spectra up to 9 MeV, respectively 10 MeV. The density of neutron-unbound levels in95Sr and97Sr has been derived from peak stripping analyses of the neutron spectra. Beta-strength functions (S β(E)) have been investigated in detail. They indicate that Gamow-Tellerβ-decay of both precursors is dominated by nuclear structure. The discovered pronounced …
Mundhygiene für Träger festsitzender kieferorthopädischer Apparaturen
1983
Festsitzende kieferorthopadische Apparaturen verursachen besondere Probleme bei der Durchfuhrung der taglichen Mundhygiene. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurde durch eine einfache Methode eine Losung dieses Problems beschrieben und deren Effizienz in einer klinischen Untersuchung nachgewiesen.
false
1983
Third Eular Workshop on Rheumatology Research
1983
Characterization of a common binding site for basic drugs on human ?2-acid glycoprotein (orosomucoid)
1983
The interaction of chlorpromazine, dl-propranolol, and imipramine with isolated α1-acid glycoprotein is characterized by relatively high association constants and only one binding site per protein molecule. The mutual displacement between the three drugs indicates that all three compounds are bound to the same binding site. Several other basic drugs from different pharmacological and chemical classes also displace chlorpromazine, dl-propranolol, and imipramine with potencies, one would predict from their association constants or from the degree of their plasma binding in humans. It is concluded that displacement phenomena like those observed in this study in vitro are likely to occur also i…
Une description axiomatique des catégories de faisceaux de structures algébriques sur les espaces topologiques booléens
1983
Prospects for Carbon as Packing Material in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
1983
Abstract Early work on use of carbons for liquid chromatography shows that special carbons must be developed if carbon is to be useful in HPLC. The processes used to make carbons, the properties of such carbons and the requirements for HPLC carbons are discussed. The preparation of HPLC carbons is reviewed in detail and the results which have been obtained are assessed in terms of their kinetic and thermodynamic performance. Applications are reviewed.
Joan Robinson: «In memoriam»
1983
“A veces me he preguntado si me he quedado sola.” (J. R.) Ahora ya no hay duda de que la obsesión intelectual que persiguiera a J. Robinson a lo largo de su dilatada carrera no tiene más justificatión que la de ver agotarse —a destiempo, como siempre— las baterías de su propia soledad. A principios del mes de agosto moría esta brillante economista a quien todos los profesionales del gremio debemos, directa o indirectamente, alguna cosa (1).
Photon scattering as a probe of microviscosity and channel size in gels such as sickle haemoglobin.
1983
The aggregation of sickle-cell haemoglobin (HbS) is one of the most physiologically important and widely studied macromolecular gelation processes. Both the thermodynamics and kinetics of the process are important in determining the pathological consequences of deoxygenation of the red cells (and both must be understood if a rational strategy is to be developed for pharmacological intervention). We describe here a new and versatile technique for the study of the structure and formation of the HbS aggregates, that should be widely applicable to gel systems generally. We use laser autocorrelation spectroscopy to observe the diffusion of monodisperse polystyrene latex spheres in the interstice…
Synthesis of biotin-labelled dexamethasone derivatives. Novel hormone-affinity probes.
1983
A new, general methodology for 'sandwich' affinity chromatography of steroid hormone receptors is proposed, the part purification of the human spleen tumor glucocorticoid receptor is quoted as an illustration. 9-Fluoro-16 alpha-methyl-11 beta, 17-dihydroxy-1,4-androstadiene-3-one-17 beta-carboxylic acid was coupled to biotin using pentamethylenediamine (BioDex 1) as a spacer. The bifunctional derivative binds to glucocorticoid receptors and avidin-Sepharose and efficiently protects the glucocorticoid receptor against inactivation when previously added during homogenisation. We have standardized the capacity and optimum conditions for elution of receptor-BioDex-1 complexes which are bound to…
Contrasting Schematic Structures in Service Encounters
1983
Molecular Motion, Defect Structures and Phase Transitions in Oligomer Crystals
1983
Defect structures in the high temperature modifications of oligomer crystals can generally be discribed as a superposition of chain rotations, longitudinal shifts of the molecules and the occurrence of conformational defects. Applying a suitable combination of experimental techniques it is possible to discriminate between the different components of disorder. This is demonstrated in a discussion of results obtained on n-alkanes, cycloalkanes and perfluoro-n-alkanes.
Quartz-capillary gas chromatography of chlorinated phenols and catechols
1983
The gas chromatography of all chlorinated phenols and catechols on a non-polar SE-30 quartz-capillary column has been studied. The relative retention times of the individual components are given and the elution order is discussed. All of the chlorophenols and chlorocatechols can be separated under appropriate operating conditions but simultaneous determination of all the compounds studied resulted in overlapping peaks. Theortho-effect in catechols is stronger than that in phenols. A different order of elution for the compounds studied to that of the corresponding acetate esters is found. Generally, longer retention times for the latter are observed.
ARYL-VINYLSULFONE—REAGENTIEN ZUM SCHUTZ UND NACHWEIS VON THIOLFUNKTIONEN
1983
Abstract Aryl vinyl sulfones selectively react with thiol groups to acid-stable compounds which easily are cleaved by mild bases to thiol compounds. Ester and amide groups are not attacked under these conditions. Therefore, these compounds are good protecting groups or labels in peptide chemistry. The following aryl vinyl sulfones were investigated: phenyl vinyl sulfone 1, p-carbethoxyphenyl vinyl sulfone 15 and the fluorescent 5-dimethylaminonaphthyl 1-vinyl sulfone 5 and 5-methoxynaphthyl-1 vinyl sulfone 10. The last two compounds are very useful reagents for the quantitative determination of SH-groups in polypeptides such as enzymes. Aryl-vinylsulfone reagieren selektiv mit Thiolgruppen …
The nucleus negatively controls the synthesis of mitochondrial proteins in the sea urchin egg.
1983
Enucleation of Paracentrotus lividus eggs, followed by parthenogenetic activation induces a sharp increase in the synthesis of mitochondrial proteins as shown by electrofluorography after in vivo labeling with radioactive amino acids. These results further substantiate the hypothesis that the cell nucleus negatively controls mitochondrial replication in the sea urchin egg.
Cooperative pseudo-Jahn-Teller effect of the Fe(H2O)62+complexes in the sulfate heptahydrates
1983
Conductance in homomorphous solvents: Tetrabutylammonium salts and alkali picrates in butyrolactone-sulfolane mixtures
1983
Conductance measurements are reported for LiPi, NaPi, KPi, RbPi, CsPi, Bu4NPi, Bu4NBr, Bu4NClO4, Bu4NNO3, and Bu4NBBu4 at 25°C in γ-butyrolactone-sulfolane mixtures. In these mixtures of solvents that are practically homomorphous, isodielectic and with comparable dipole moments, the ion pair association and ionic mobilities of large ions conform to the expectations of the primitive model. Electrolytes containing lithium or sodium ions show anomalies indicating that other factors besides shape, dipole moment, and polarizability of the solvent molecules are involved in the association and transport processes of these ions.
T-cell hyperreactivity of NZB mice against H-2 identical cells
1983
NZB mice serve as a model for human systemic lupus erythematodes. T-cell abnormalities in this strain have previously been described. In this paper the cytotoxic T lymphocyte precursor (CTL-p) frequencies of NZB mice against H-2 allogeneic and H-2 syngeneic cells are investigated and compared with those of the normal strain BALB/c. The CTL-p frequency in NZB lymphocytes against H-2 allogeneic cells equals that in normal mouse strains (i.e. 1/7500). The NZB anti BALB/c response is in the same order of magnitude. No corresponding BALB/c anti NZB response was elicited. The results suggest abnormally high sensitivity of NZB CTL-p to helper signals.
Atenolol interaction with aspirin, allopurinol, and ampicillin.
1983
Atenolol kinetics were investigated in six healthy subjects after 100 mg orally, as monotherapy a 6-day treatment began 48 hr later. After a therapy-free interval of 4 wk, the same subjects received the same dose of atenolol with 1 gm ampicillin, 500 mg aspirin, and with 300 mg allopurinol. Allopurinol and aspirin did not substantially alter the kinetics of atenolol. After a single oral dose of 100 mg atenolol combined with 1 gm ampicillin, the bioavailability of atenolol was reduced to 36 +/- 5% compared to 60 +/- 8% after monotherapy. During long-term treatment with atenolol and ampicillin the bioavailability of atenolol fell to 24% (P less than 0.01). Mean peak plasma levels were lowered…
Funciones de produccion en los centros de ensenanza superior Franceses
1983
International audience
Permeability of the rat bladder to Cisplatinum under different conditions: comparison with Mitomycin C and Adriamycin.
1983
In 50 female Sprague-Dawley rats the absorption of Cisplatinum through the bladder wall was studied. Under different conditions, including cystitis and electrocoagulation of the bladder mucosa, the absorption was low and the measureable serum concentrations did not exceed 2.64 micrograms/ml. The influence of Tween 80--a non-ionic surfactant--on the absorption is investigated. The results are compared with those found for Adriamycin and Mitomycin C under identical conditions.
Studies on the mechanism of PMN activation III. by lymphokines.
1983
The influence of a guinea pig lymphokine preparation on the oxidative metabolism of human and guinea pig granulocytes of various sources was investigated. A dose-dependent increase of the oxidative burst following lymphokine challenge was observed. It occurred in unstimulated guinea pig peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) and in prestimulated PMN obtained from the peritoneal cavity after glycogen injection as well. The lymphokine effect on the oxidative metabolism is not species-restricted because the guinea pig lymphokine preparation elicits an oxidative burst in human PMN, too. The increase caused by lymphokines is nearly of the same order of magnitude as that obtained with zymo…
Isolation of a high spin form of cytochrome P-450 induced in rat liver by 3-methylcholanthrene.
1983
Abstract A form of cytochrome P-450 (P-450 MC1) has been isolated from the livers of 3-methylcholanthrene-treated rats. The molecular weight is 54,500 and the heme iron is in the high spin configuration which clearly differenciates this form from the other major cytochrome induced by 3-methylcholanthrene (P-450 MC2). Whilst MC2 actively dealkylated 7-ethoxycoumarin and 7-ethoxyresorufin, MC1 was only active with 7-ethoxyresorufin. Ouchterlony immunodiffusion analysis and ELISA showed that anti MC1 and anti MC2 reacted with both MC1 and MC2 but preferentially with the homologous antigen. Both anti MC1 and MC2 cross-reacted strongly with microsomes from 3-methylcholanthrene, Aroclor 1254 and …
Identification and properties of the cell membrane bound leucine aminopeptidase interacting with the potential immunostimulant and chemotherapeutic a…
1983
Bestatin was found to be a competitive inhibitor (with respect to the Leu-NA substrate) not only of the isolated microsomal and cytosolic leucine aminopeptidases (Leu-APm and Leu-APc) but also of the aminopeptidases (APs) present in membrane preparations (from mouse liver) and on the cell surface of L5178Y cells. Kinetic parameters indicate that cellular AP is identical to Leu-APm. To rule out the possibility that AP-B is involved in the inhibition reactions, comparable studies with amastatin were performed. Electrophoretical studies revealed the solubilized cell membrane bound AP to co-migrate with Leu-APm in polyacrylamide gels. The activity of the separated membrane AP was inhibited by b…
Precise determination of the ground state hyperfine splitting of135Ba+
1983
A microwave-optical double resonance experiment has been performed on135Ba+ ions, confined in a r.f. quadrupole trap. Linewidths as narrow as 0.9 Hz have been obtained on the 7.18 GHz,F=1,m=0 toF=2,m=0 transition. Shifts of the resonance frequency due to magnetic stray fields and the electric trapping field have been observed. The final result, extrapolated to zero field strengths, isΔ υHFS=7183340234.90(0.57) Hz.
The rheological behaviour of HDPE/LDPE blends
1983
The rheological behaviour of three types of HDPE/LDPE blends at several compositions (various weight percentages of LDPE) has been studied with the aid of a capillary rheometer and three different capillaries.
Analyse d'un système régional de formation professionnelle continue
1983
International audience; Ce travail comprend trois parties : les deux premières sont consacrées à l'analyse de l'appareil de formation continue, d'une part à travers la prise en compte des activités de l'ensemble de cet appareil tant privé que public et d'autre part au niveau de la nature des relations financières entre l'appareil et les entreprises. Quant à la troisième partie, elle cherche à situer les problèmes actuels que rencontre la formation continue et à esquisser une perspective de réorganisation de la politique régionale.
Molecular dynamics of solid polymers as revealed by deuteron NMR
1983
Pulsed deuteron NMR spectroscopy is described, which has recently been developed to become a powerful tool for studying molecular dynamics in solid polymers. It is shown that by analyzing the line shapes of2H absorption spectra and spectra obtained via solid echo and spin alignment, respectively, both type and timescale of rotational motions can be determined over an extraordinary wide range of characteristic frequencies, approximately 10 MHz to 1 Hz. By applying these techniques to selectively deuterated polymers, motional mechanisms involving different segments of the monomer unit can be monitored. In addition, motional heterogeneities in glassy polymers can be detected. The information a…
Contra la corriente: German Bernacer (1833–1965)
1983
Recordando su propia trayectoria intelectual durante los años veinte, el economista sueco Gunnar Myrdal señalaba que la terapia convencional que utilizan las academias establecidas frente a la heterodoxia es, sencillamente, ignorarla y olvidarla (Myrdal, 1973, 13). Si consideramos la escasa atención que la obra de Bernácer ha suscitado hasta la actualidad, la celebración del centenario de su nacimiento es una ocasión muy oportuna para reflexionar sobre la capacidad de innovación de las ciencias sociales.