The campomelic syndrome: review, report of 17 cases, and follow-up on the currently 17-year-old boy first reported by Maroteaux et al in 1971.

1983

We report 17 cases of the campomelic syndrome (CS) and a follow-up of one of the original patients of Maroteaux et al who is now 17 years old. Our review is based on 97 patients, including our own. An infant with the CS presents at birth with spectacularly short and bowed femora and tibiae. The initial chest radiograph confirms the diagnosis by demonstrating extremely small bladeless scapulae and hypoplastic pedicles of many thoracic vertebrae. Ossification of the sternal segments, pubis, talus, and knee epiphyses is also retarded. Usually the hips are dislocated and talipes equinovarus deformities are present. There is a small chondrocranium and a disproportionately large neurocranium. The…

Experimental evidence for a hyperthermia-induced breakdown of tumor blood flow during normoglycemia

1983

A compilation of experimental data is presented indicating that hyperthermia alone can achieve a significant inhibition of tumor blood flow if appropriate heat exposure times and tissue hyperthermia levels are chosen.

The determination of presynaptic pA2 values of yohimbine and phentolamine on the perfused rat heart under conditions of negligible autoinhibition

1983

Abstract 1 Rat isolated perfused hearts with the right sympathetic nerves attached were loaded with [3H]-(-)-noradrenaline. The nerves were stimulated with up to 40 trains of 10 pulses every min at 1 Hz, and the evoked increases of [3H-]noradrenaline overflow into the perfusate, of right atrial tension development and ventricular beating frequency were measured. 2 Oxymetazoline inhibited the evoked transmitter overflow (IC50: 10 nM) and decreased the postsynaptic responses in a concentration-dependent manner. It behaved as a full against in abolishing the evoked transmitter overflow. 3 Yohimbine up to 1 microM neither enhanced the evoked [3H]-noradrenaline overflow nor the postsynaptic para…

Actualité de l'économie de l'éducation

1983

International audience

A comparative study of flame atomic-absorption methods for determination of zinc in serum and blood plasma

1983

Seven selected methods for determination of zinc in blood plasma by flame atomic-absorption spectroscopy have been compared. Analytical characteristics such as sensitivity, detection limit, precision, analytical recovery, accuracy and physical interferences were studied. Two of the seven methods are recommended as the most suitable for the purpose.

Immunology of dermatophytosis

1983

By causing experimental lesions of dermatophytosis in rabbits inoculated and reinoculated with T. mentagrophytes var. granulosum and T. rubrum a study was carried out of the state of cellular immunity response, during infection, and also of the antigens responsible for the sensitization. Cellular immunity response was detected using the leucocyte migration test (L.M.T.) in the presence of antigenic compounds of the 'Keratinase' of Eleuterio et al.

Vibrational spectra and force constants of symmetric tops

1983

The infrared spectrum of H3SiI in the 800–1050 cm-1 region has been recorded with a resolution of 0·04 cm-1 and rotationally analysed. Features related to the Fermi resonance between v 5 and v 3 + v 6 and to the Coriolis x, y resonance between v 2 and v 5 have been explained, and a set of vibration-rotation parameters for the three bands has been determined by least-squares calculations, σ(J, K) = 9·4 × 10-3 cm-1. The Fermi resonance matrix element |W 356| is found to be 3·7859(7) cm-1 and the vibrational frequencies are v 2 0 = 904·551(1), v 5 0 = 941·0746(8) and (v 3 + v 6)0 = 953·688(3) cm-1. The anharmonicity constant, x 36 = -1·745(9) cm-1, has been determined. Comparison is made with …

Racemattrennung, Kristallstruktur und histaminartige Wirkung von 4-[1-(2-Aminoethylthio)ethyl]-5-methylimidazol

1983

Es wird die Racemattrennung von 4-[1-(2-Aminoethylthio)ethyl]-5-methylimidazol (1) mittels optisch aktiver Di-O-(p-toluoyl)weinsaure sowie die histaminartige Wirksamkeit der Enantiomeren beschrieben. Von (+)-1 · 2HCl · H2O wurde die Kristallstruktur bestimmt und bis zu einem R-Wert von 0.0483 verfeinert. Danach ist (+)-1R-konfiguriert. Von den beiden Enantiomeren besitzt nur (S)-(−)-1 H1-agonistische Aktivitat. Resolution, Crystal Structure, and Histamine-like Activity of 4-[1-(2-Aminoethylthio)ethyl]-5-methylimidazole The resolution of racemic 4-[1-(2-aminoethylthio)ethyl]-5-methylimidazole (1) using optically active Di-O-(P-toluoyl)tartaric acid as well as the histamine-like activity of t…

One-dimensional quantum-spin—phonon solitons

1983

The quantum dynamics of a compressible harmonic chain of $N$ two-level atoms strongly interacting with the phonons of the lattice is investigated. Two types of mixed excitations are discussed which propagate through the lattice exhibiting solitonic properties. The first type of solitonlike excitation describes the motion of the wall separating two magnetoelastic domains. This transports less energy than the second type of solitonlike excitation which describes the motion of a single spin reversal in the chain. An explicit expression is obtained for the speed of these excitations as a function of an appropriate shape parameter $h$. These results are obtained by approximate self-consistent in…

Isolation of chlorophyll-protein complexes and quantification of electron transport components in Synura petersenii and Tribonema aequale

1983

The chlorophyll-protein complexes of the yellow alga Synura petersenii (Chrysophyceae) and the yellow-green alga Tribonema aequale (Xanthophyceae) were studied. The sodiumdodecylsulfate/sodiumdesoxycholate solubilized photosynthetic membranes of these species yielded three distinct pigment-protein complexes and a non-proteinuous zone of free pigments, when subjected to SDS polyacrylamid gel electrophoresis. The slowest migrating protein was identical to complex I (CP I), the P-700 chlorophyll a-protein, which possessed 60 chlorophyll a molecules per reaction center in Tribonema and 108 in Synura. The zone of intermediate mobility contained chlorophyll a and carotenoids. The absorption spect…

Light-driven proton transport of bacteriorhodopsin incorporated into long-term stable liposomes of a polymerizable sulfolipid

1983

Abstract The chromoprotein bacteriorhodopsin from Halobacterium halobium has been incorporated into liposomes made of a fully synthetic, polymerizable lipid. Bacteriorhodopsin is found to be active in these polymer liposomes. The advantage in the use of such polymer systems concerning long-term stability in comparison with liposomes made of natural lipid is demonstrated.

Effects of Flurbiprofen on Platelet Function in Ihd Patients

1983

Relation of lenacil metabolism with growth inhibition of acer pseudoplatanus cell suspension

1983

Abstract The action of lenacil, a herbicide which inhibits photosynthesis, was studied on Acer pseudoplatanus cell suspensions. The compound was quickly and thoroughly metabolized by cells into two major chloroform-extractable metabolites, but cell growth was temporarily inhibited while some cells were killed. As cell suspensions were non-photosynthetic, the data suggest that lenacil has site(s) of action other than that of photosynthesis. However, as the effects on photosynthesis occur at much lower concentrations (Hilton et al., Weeds, 12 (1964) 129), the effects on cell growth may be considered as secondary.

Dielectric and dynamic-mechanical behaviour of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers

1983

Abstract Dynamic-mechanical and dielectric measurements on ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers with two different vinyl alcohol contents and, for comparison on polyvinylalcohol and low density polyethylene, have been carried out in order to clarify the nature of the relaxation peak. The relaxation peak observable in the dielectric loss curves of the copolymers has been assigned to the interfacial polarization, MWS type, occurring between hydrogen bonded hydroxyl groups and the apolar polyethylene segments. The shoulder also present in the e″-T curves of the copolymers seems to correspond to the glass transition peak which is hidden since the dielectric loss curve increases quickly because of …

Partial purification and characterization of succinyl-CoA synthetase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1983

Succinyl-CoA synthetase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae was partially purified (20-fold) with a yield of 44%. The Michaelis-Menten constants were determined: Km (succinate) = 17 mM; Km (ATP) = 0.13 mM; Km (CoA) = 0.03 mM. The succinyl-CoA synthetase has a molecular weight of about 80000 dalton (as determined by polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis). The pH optimum is at 6.0. During fermentation the activity of succinyl-CoA synthetase is lower than in aerobically grown yeast cells. The presence of succinyl-CoA synthetase in fermenting yeasts may be regarded as an indication for the oxidative formation of succinate. In fermenting yeast cells succinyl-CoA synthetase is repressed by glucos…

Glass-capillary gas chromatography of chlorobenzenes on SE-30 and Carbowax 20M columns. Simultaneous determination of chlorobenzenes and chlorophenols

1983

Gas chromatography of benzene and all chlorobenzenes has been studied on SE-30 and Carbowax 20M glasscapillary columns under various operating conditions. The benzene isomers are eluted on both columns according to their boiling points. Separation of all components in a mixture is achieved on Carbowax 20M, whereas on SE-30 the peaks of closely related isomers overlapped. Also one partial overlapping is observed on a non-polar phase. The relative retention times for compounds are given and the retention order is discussed. The retention behaviour of chlorobenzenes and chlorophenols is compared. By using an SE-30 quartz-capillary column a mixture of 33 individual components gives 29 resolved …

Studien zum Vorgang der Wasserstoffübertragung, 68. Die reduktive Überführung aromatischer Säurechloride in Diarylacetylene mit Lithiumamalgam in ein…

1983

Endioldiester A, die durch “Acylierende reduktive Dimerisierung” mit Lithiumamalgam (Li/Hg) nach (1) zuganglich sind, werden mit zwei weiteren Reduktionsaquivalenten nach (2) durch “Reduktive Eliminierung” in Acetylenderivate ubergefuhrt. Hierbei hat sich praparativ das Eintopfverfahren in der Zweistufenarbeitsweise bewahrt. Auch mit Natriumamalgam (Na/Hg) und Kaliumamalgam (K/Hg) gelingt die reduktive Eliminierung nach (2) sowohl von cis- als auch von trans-Endiol-diestern zu Acetylenverbindungen mit guten Ausbeuten. Voraussetzung fur den erfolgreichen Ablauf der Reaktion (2) ist die direkte Verknupfung von zwei Aromaten mit der C C-Doppelbindung in den Endiol-diestern. Endiol-diester mit …

Conformational characteristics of homo-oligopeptides of O-benzyl-L-tyrosine+

1983

Conformational studies of X[-L-Tyr(Bzl)-]n-series bound to polyethyleneglycol (X = H2, Nps; n = 3-8) in the solid state and in solvents of different polarities and capabilities of forming hydrogen bonds are reported. By using i.r. absorption, the occurrence of the beta-structure in the higher oligomers in the solid state was established. By means of i.r. absorption and CD the onset of that ordered conformation in solution was assessed as a function of chain length. The effects induced by the presence of the N-protecting group and added base, and by changing the nature of solvent on the conformational preferences of the [-L-Tyr(Bzl)-]n homo-peptides were also examined. The 2-nitrophenylsulph…

Monomeric vs. polymeric bonded iminodiacetate silica supports in high-performance ligand-exchange chromatography

1983

The synthesis of monomeric and polymeric bonded iminodiacetate-groups on silica supports is described. The polymeric support offers advantages over the monomeric, such as (i) preparation is much simpler, (ii) higher surface concentration of functional groups can be achieved without loss of efficiency and (iii) hydrolytic stability. Cu2+ loaded supports were examined for their kinetic performance, in particular for the C-parameter of the Knox equation, and for their hydrolytic stability. Calculation of the surface coverage shows that only a rather thin polymeric layer is formed; this is in agreement with the results of the kinetic performance. The retention of α-amino acids on the Cu2+ loade…

Effect of serotonin uptake inhibition by zimelidine on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity

1983

Plasma ACTH levels after oral ingestion of 2 g metyrapone at 24.00 hours in six healthy subjects were higher after pretreatment with zimelidine (300 mg) in comparison to placebo. Since zimelidine is a relatively selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor its action on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activity suggests that serotonin is a potent stimulator of ACTH release. The ratio of cortisol to 11-deoxycortisol was taken as a measure of 11-hydroxylase activity, which indicates biological activity of secreted ACTH. These cortisol/11-deoxycortisol ratios were significantly increased after zimelidine treatment, when compared to placebo. Both the ACTH response and the cortisol/11-deoxycortiso…

The impact of agricultural extension services

1983

Ouvrage disponible sur : http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/999271468770338179/pdf/multi-page.pdf; International audience; This paper provides a review of the literature on the effectiveness of agricultural extension services worldwide. It shows that evaluators of the internal effectiveness of extension services are generally critical ; they claim that extension services have poor performance, reach only a small proportion of farmers (those who are better off), have wrong objectives, and are of little help to the agricultural sector as a whole. The author argues that this diagnosis may be excessive, that evaluators often have irrelevant evaluation criteria, and that historically the…

De l'inefficacité de l'enseignement supérieur français

1983

International audience; Le but de cette étude est de décrire le système français d'enseignement supérieur dans sa réalité actuelle et de cerner les principales causes du dysfonctionnement ou de l'inefficacité qu'étudiants, employeurs, gouvernements, enseignants, même, s'accordent aujourd'hui à lui reconnaitre.

false

1983

To obtain a carrier polymer for pharmacologically active components, linear polyethyleneimine (LPEI) was chemically modified by reactions with acrylic acid (1a), acrylamide (1b), acrylic acid esters (1c and 1d), sodium chloroacetate, and hydrochloric acid. All product polymers 2a – 2e are soluble in water. Among these, 2a and 2e, β- and α-amino acid derivatives, respectively, show no acute toxicity in mice up to dosages of 1 g/kg i. v. Similar types of polymers 5a and 5b and a polymer containing phosphonic acid moieties (5d) derived from branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI) were prepared. 5a and 5b are also nontoxic regardless of the molecular weight of four kinds of BPEI and of the wide range…

Free energy of transfer ofn-nitroalkanes fromn-octane to water at 25�C

1983

Calorimetric determinations of the thermodynamics of transfer of nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitrobutane, 1-nitropentane, and 1-nitrohexane from n-octane to water at 25°C have been made. Transfer free energies calculated by four different models agree reasonably well with observations. Calculations indicate that the dipolar part of the transfer free energy depends only on the dipole moment and size of the-C−NO2 group and is independent of the length of the alkyl chain in nitroalkanes.

Adriamycin Permeability of the Rat Bladder under Different Conditions

1983

Abstract Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 1.4 or 2.4 mg. adriamycin intravesically. Radioimmunological measurement of serum concentrations were performed up to 3 hours post-instillation in normal bladder mucosa, cystitis, and after electrocoagulation, under different filling conditions, as well as with the use of a detergent (Tween 80). The serum concentrations achieved were markedly higher after electrocoagulation or cystitis; altogether they reached only 1/6,000 of the instilled concentration. These studies on the rat bladder suggest that perioperative instillation of adriamycin to prevent recurrence is not contraindicated shortly before or after transurethral resection …

Exhalation of ethylene oxide by rats on exposure to ethylene.

1983

Abstract When rats are exposed to ethylene in a closed desiccator jar chamber, the rate of metabolic elimination of the compound is influenced by pretreatment with Aroclor 1254 (metabolism increased) and diethyldithiocarbamate (metabolism inhibited). Biotransformation of ethylene leads to ethylene oxide as reactive intermediate. This is exhaled and can be quantitated in the gas phase of the system.

Studien zum Vorgang der Wasserstoffübertragung, 67. Endioldiester durch acylierende elektroreduktive Dimerisierung von Carbonsäurechloriden mit Lithi…

1983

Aromatische, aliphatische und aromatisch-aliphatische Carbonsaurechloride (und Anhydride) werden mit Lithiumamalgam (Li/Hg) durch acylierende reduktive Dimerisierung in wechselnden Ausbeuten (meist 70%) in cis- und/oder trans-Endioldiester 1–10 ubergefuhrt. Der Einflus des Losungsmittels auf den Reaktionsverlauf wird untersucht. Aus 2,2′-Diphensauredichlorid entsteht das Phenanthrenderivat 7, aus Phthaloyldichlorid Phthalid 8. Li/Hg wandelt Diphenyl-phosphinylchlorid in Tetraphenyldiphosphandioxid (15) um. Auf die Bestimmung der Halbstufenpotentiale von 12 Saurechloriden und vier 1,2-Diketonen grundet sich die Formulierung des Reaktionsmechanismus. 1,2-Diketone sind Zwischenprodukte der acy…

Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate Carboxylase-Oxygenase: New Aspects Respective the pH-Dependance of the Carboxylation Reaction

1983

The investigation was directed towards the effects of reaction conditions, substrates and pH on the carboxylation reaction of ribulose-1 ,5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase in the crude enzyme extracts from several plants. Optimal substrate concentrations (HCO3 - and RubP) were determined. The highest carboxylase activity was attained with Tris/HCl buffer. The pH activity profile was quite sharp with an optimum at pH 7.8. Purified and crystallized carboxylase yielded a broad optimum curve under the same reaction conditions

Crystal Structure of the Microwave Dielectric Resonator Ba2Ti9O20

1983

A single-crystal X-ray study of dibarium nonatitanate, Ba2Ti9O20, yielded the triclinic space group P 1 with a=0.7471(1), b= 1.4081(2), c= 1.4344(2) nm, α=89.94(2)°, β= 79.43(2)°, γ= 84.45(2)°, V = 1.476 nm3 Z = 4, and Dx= 4.61 Mg/m3. A refinement of atomic coordinates and isotropic thermal parameters led to a residual of 0.03. The structure consists of hexagonally closest-packed layers of Ba and O atoms in the sequence (hch)3. All Ti atoms reside in octahedral interstices of this closest packing. The various Ti coordination octahedra share only edges and corners with each other. One-half of the Ba atoms is twelve-coordinated by oxygen atoms, the other half is eleven-coordinated.

gamma-Aminobutyric acid and cholinergic transmission in the guinea-pig ileum.

1983

1. The effects of GABA on release of acetylcholine and on contractility of the smooth muscle were studied in the myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle preparation of the guinea pig. Acetylcholine was determined as radiolabelled transmitter from strips preloaded with 3H-choline. 2. GABA (1–300 μM) caused an increase in resting tension of smooth muscle as well as an increase in release of acetylcholine that was considerably reduced by tetrodotoxin. The facilitation by GABA of acetylcholine release exhibited a marked tachyphylaxis. The increase in muscle tension was clearly related to the increase in acetylcholine release. Muscimol (0.1–10 μM) also enhanced the release of acetylcholine. The eff…

Les actions du chlorfenprop-methyl sur l'integrite membranaire dans les mitochondries des plantes

1983

Summary The action of chlorfenprop-methyl, chlorfenprop and its cysteine conjugate was studied on potato tuber mitochondria. Chlorfenprop-methyl altered membrane structure at 250 μM. leading to a loss of membrane integrity. Chlorfenprop and its cysteine conjugate were without any significant effects. From what is known about the rapid hydrolysis of chlorfenprop-methyl in plant tissues and from the results presented in this paper, it was deduced that alteration in intra-cellular membrane integrity is not a mechanism of phytotoxic action for chlorfenprop-methyl. Resume Les actions du chlorfenprop-methyl sur l'integrite membranaire dans les mitochondries des plantes Les actions du chlorfenprop…

false

1983

Water soluble polyamides with iminoethylene and oxyethylene units in the main chain were obtained by condensation polymerization of diethylenetriamine and triethylenetetramine with suitable dimethylesters containing two or three oxyethylene units. The molecular weights were in the range of Mn = 5000–7000. By potentiometric and conductometric titration only 80–85% of the expected amount of basic groups was found which was probably caused by branching. Durch Polykondensation von Diethylentriamin und Triethylentetramin mit Dimethylestern von Sauren, die zwei oder drei Oxyethyleneinheiten enthalten, wurden wasserlosliche Polyamide mit Iminoethylen- und Oxyethyleneinheiten in der Hauptkette erha…

Quantum chemical structure-activity relationships on β-carbolines as natural monoamine oxidase inhibitors

1983

The electron density and the molecular electrostatic potential of the β-carbolines are studied using ab initioSTO-3G wave functions. The analysis was done from the point of view of a previous model built with monoamine oxidase substrates and irreversible inhibitors. The results confirm the usefulness of the model and make it possible to propose new precision to the molecular electrostatic potential patterns needed to have monoamine oxidase inhibitory activity.

The cost-effectiveness of mass media for agricultural extension in Malawi

1983

Ouvrage disponible sur : http://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/999271468770338179/pdf/multi-page.pdf; International audience; This paper reports the results of research concerning the role of massmedia in providing information to Malawian farmers. To set the context, the paper begins with a brief description of the face-to-face information services provided by the agricultural extension system and by the farmer training centers; it then describes in more detail the operations of the Extension Aids Branch (EAB) of the Ministry of Agriculture. EAB prepares and delivers messages to farmers using radio, print, and mobile vans(carrying films for night-time use and puppet shows for daytime u…

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues for palliation of carcinoma of the prostate

1983

Since the introduction of contrasexual treatment as the basic concept of palliation of prostatic carcinoma in the 1940's, orchiectomy, estrogens, and, in recent years, antiandrogens have become generally accepted treatment forms. Three facts: 1) estrogen treatment being at best palliative and at worst dangerous; 2) surgical castration having psychological impacts, at least in the younger age group; and 3) both being probably ineffective from the beginning, have led us to investigate an alternative of minimal toxicity and possible reversibility in the initial treatment of advanced prostatic carcinoma. 12 patients with far advanced carcinoma of the prostate were treated with the gonadotropin …

Field desorption mass spectrometric characterization of thiol conjugates related to the oxidative metabolism of the anticancer drug 4′-(9-acridinylam…

1983

Conjugation products with glutathione (GSH) and other endogenous thiol derivatives related to the oxidative metabolism of the anticancer drug, 4′-(9-acridinlyamino) methanesulfon-m-anisidide (m-AMSA) were synthesized and characterized by field desorption mass spectrometry. The primary microsomal oxidation product of m-AMSA, m-AQDI, was prepared by MnO2 oxidation of the parent drug and reacted with equimolar GSH, cysteine, N-acetylcysteine and N-acetylcysteine methyl ester to form m-AMSA-(5′)-thiol conjugates linkedat the aniline ring, as major products. Field desorption mass spectra of the conjugates provided abundant [MH]plus; ions, and characteristic fragment ions by cleavage at the thioe…