Prognose und Prognosefaktoren enossaler Implantate im bestrahlten Kiefer

Zusammenfassung Einleitung: Die kaufunktionelle Wiederherstellung nach Kopf-Hals-Bestrahlung ist gegenuber anderen Tumorpatienten durch Strahlenkaries, Radioxerostomie und Osteoradionekroserisiko zusatzlich limitiert. Es wurde der Frage der Implantatprognose und potentieller Prognosefaktoren im bestrahlten Kiefer nachgegangen. Material und Methode: Die retrospektive Studie erfaste von 1988–1997 197 Implantate (47 Patienten). Die Implantatprognose wurde durch Uberlebenszeitanalyse (Kaplan-Meier) bestimmt, wobei implantatunabhangige Verluste zensiert wurden. Auserdem erfolgte eine Gruppenbildung nach potentiell die Prognose beeinflussenden Parametern. Grupppenunterschiede in den Uberlebensrat…

The matrix metalloproteinase and insulin-like growth factor system in oral cancer – a prospective clinical study

Eik Schiegnitz,1 Peer W Kämmerer,2 Holger Schön,1 Christoph Gülle,1 Manfred Berres,3,4 Keyvan Sagheb,1 Bilal Al-Nawas5 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, 2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre Rostock, Rostock, 3Department of Mathematics and Technology, University of Applied Sciences Koblenz, Remagen, 4Institute of Medical Biometry, Epidemiology and Informatics, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, 5Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Plastic Surgery, University Medical Centre, Martin-Luther U…

Complications in Oral Implant Placement

The placement of dental endosseous implants is a safe and reliable routine method for functional and esthetic rehabilitation of partial or total edentulism. Even so, there is an immanent potential for both short- and long-term complications in oral implant placement leading to not only minor but also major impairments of the affected patients. Most of the complications occur unexpected while others will be iatrogenic.

Expression of cytokeratin 17 mRNA in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells obtained by brush biopsy: preliminary results.

Background:  The aim of this study was to determine the detection of cytokeratin (CK) mRNA in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and to evaluate the CK relevance for OSCC diagnosis in a brush biopsy test. Methods:  Fifty-two pairs of OSCC cells and normal oral mucosal cells were obtained by brush biopsy from OSCC patients. mRNA was extracted from cell pellets for real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The over-expression levels of CK 17, CK 19 and CK 20 mRNA in OSCC cells were examined by SYBR green real-time RT-qPCR. Results:  Compared to normal mucosal cells, the over-expression of CK 17 mRNA was detectable in 40 OSCC cells (76.9%), that o…

Immobilization of BMP‐2, BMP‐7 and alendronic acid on titanium surfaces: Adhesion, proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow‐derived stem cells

This study analyzed the influence of titanium (TiO2 ) surface modifications with two osteogenic proteins (BMP-2, BMP-7) and an anti-osteoclastic drug (alendronic acid [AA]) on sandblasted/acid-etched (SLA) and plain TiO2 (PT) on cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation (alkaline phosphatase [AP] and osteocalcin [OC]) of bone-marrow derived stem cells (BMSCs) after 1, 3 and 7 days in-vitro. Initially, AA surfaces showed the highest cell number and surface coverage. At day 3 and 7, BMP and AA-modified surfaces exhibited a significantly enhanced cell growth. For proliferation, at days 3 and 7, an enhancement on BMP-2, BMP-7 and AA-surfaces was seen. At day 7, SLA also showed a higher p…

GDF 15 as an anti-apoptotic, diagnostic and prognostic marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Growth-differentiation factor 15 (GDF 15) is involved in tumor pathogenesis and its expression is increased in many types of cancers. Functional effects of GDF 15 on oncogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the apoptotic characteristics of GDF 15 in OSCC cell lines in vitro and to analyze serum GDF 15 concentrations as a diagnostic and prognostic tumor marker for OSCC in vivo. Caspase activity was assessed in OSCC cell lines with the Caspase-Glo 3/7 system. Serum GDF 15 concentrations from 64 patients with histopathological proven OSCC and from 30 healthy volunteers were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent a…

A modified surgical approach for hard and soft tissue reconstruction of severe periimplantitis defects – Laser‐assisted periimplant defect regeneration (LAPIDER)

DRH1 - a novel blood-based HPV tumour marker.

Abstract Background To date, no studies have successfully shown that a highly specific, blood-based tumour marker to detect clinically relevant HPV-induced disease could be used for screening, monitoring therapy response or early detection of recurrence. This study aims to assess the clinical performance of a newly developed HPV16-L1 DRH1 epitope-specific serological assay. Methods In a multi-centre study sera of 1486 patients (301 Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) patients, 12 HIV+ anal cancer patients, 80 HIV-positive patients, 29 Gardasil-9-vaccinees, 1064 healthy controls) were tested for human HPV16-L1 DRH1 antibodies. Analytical specificity was determined using WHO referen…

Associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the VEGF gene and long-term prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, GermanyINTRODUCTION: Functional polymorphisms (SNPs) ofthe vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are asso-ciated with the incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC). An impact of VEGF-SNPs on prognosis of OSCCpatients seems possible. Therefore, correlations betweenprognostic parameters of OSCC patients and five VEGF-SNPs were determined.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a retrospective long-term study, in 113 OSCC patients that underwentcurative resections, five VEGF-SNPs ( 1154 G/A,+405 G/C, +936 C/T, 2578 C/A, and 460 C/T) wereanalyzed. Associations between SNPs and prognosis(incidence of local recurrent disease, seco…

Catalogue of Interactive Learning Objectives to improve an Integrated Medical and Dental Curriculum.

ABSTRACT Introduction Online learning media are increasingly being incorporated into medical and dental education. However, the coordination between obligatory and facultative teaching domains still remains unsatisfying. The Catalogue of Interactive Learning Objectives of the University Clinic of Mainz (ILKUM), aims to offer knowledge transfer for students while being mindful of their individual qualifications. Its hierarchical structure is designed according to the Association for Dental Education in Europe (ADEE) levels of competence. Materials and methods The ILKUM was designed to establish a stronger interconnection between already existing and prospective learning strategies. All conte…

Influence of class M1 glutathione S-transferase (GST Mu) polymorphism on GST M1 gene expression level and tumor size in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Glutathione S-transferases (GST) are antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers in oral carcinogenesis. They present a system of polymorphic proteins. Some variants are associated with increased sensitivity to toxic compounds, as it is known for the GSTM1-null variant allele. However, the influence of the GSTM1 allele variant genotype on GSTM1-mRNA quantity in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and normal mucosa as well as the impact on prognosis remains unclear. The genotype for GSTM1 (mutation vs. wild type) was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood from 28 OSCC patients. From the same patients, 28 pairs of OSCC cells and no…

Terminal end of the human odontoblast processes

Neurophysiological changes and chronic pain in cleft patients

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate if patients after orofacial cleft repair experience neurophysiological changes with consecutive chronic pain states after surgery. Patients (n = 48) with a repaired orofacial cleft (CLP) recruited in a support group took part in a survey including five questionnaires. They revealed pain states, described cleft situation and history, and epidemiological data. Patients' quality of life and psychological comorbidity after the surgical procedures were assessed with the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP), the Giessen Subjective Complaints List (GSCL) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Furthermore, psychosocial impairment was docume…

Adsorption and Conformation Behavior of Biotinylated Fibronectin on Streptavidin-Modified TiOX Surfaces Studied by SPR and AFM

It is well-known that protein-modified implant surfaces such as TiO(2) show a higher bioconductivity. Fibronectin is a glycoprotein from the extracellular matrix (ECM) with a major role in cell adhesion. It can be applied on titanium oxide surfaces to accelerate implant integration. Not only the surface concentration but also the presentation of the protein plays an important role for the cellular response. We were able to show that TiO(X) surfaces modified with biotinylated fibronectin adsorbed on a streptavidin-silane self-assembly multilayer system are more effective regarding osteoblast adhesion than surfaces modified with nonspecifically bound fibronectin. The adsorption and conformati…

Re: Pontes HA, Pontes FS, Lameira AG, Salim RA, Carvalho PL, Guimarães DM, Pinto Ddos S Jr.: Report of four cases of ameloblastic fibro-odontoma in mandible and discussion of the literature about the treatment. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 40(2): e59-e63, 2012 Feb. Epub 2011 Apr 15.

Immediate provisionalization of Astra Tech implants in healed and extraction sites: 1 to 11‐year results

Computer guided immediate implant placement into fresh extracted socket and soft tissue augmentation using a three-dimensional collagen matrix and immediate provisional restoration in the esthetic zone- 12-month results

Possible Implications for Improved Osteogenesis? The Combination of Platelet-Rich Fibrin With Different Bone Substitute Materials

Bone substitute materials (BSM) are widely used in oral regeneration, but sufficient angiogenesis is crucial for osteogenesis. The combination of BSM with autologous thrombocyte concentrations such as platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) may represent a clinical approach to overcome this limitation. This study analyzes the early influence on osteoblast (HOB) in vitro. Here, four different BSM (allogeneic, alloplastic, and two of xenogeneic origin) were combined with PRF. After the incubation with osteoblasts for 24 h, cell viability, migration, and proliferation were assessed. Next, marker of proliferation, migration, and differentiation were evaluated on gene and protein levels in comparison to the …

Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene associated with incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma

J Oral Pathol Med (2010) 39: 786–792 Background:  Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in promoting angiogenesis and is overexpressed in several malignancies. Polymorphisms of the VEGF gene can alter VEGF protein expression, which may be biologically significant and account for heterogeneity in disease risk and outcome. The aim of this case–control study was to evaluate potential associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the VEGF gene with susceptibility of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Patients and methods:  Five VEGF SNP (−1154 G/A, +405 G/C, +936 C/T, −2578 C/A and −460 C/T) were determined in peripheral blood isolated from 80 patie…

Influence of Different Bisphosphonates on Keratinocytes, HUVEC, Fibroblasts and Osteoblasts in-vitro

Long-term response of osteogenic cells on micron and submicron-scale-structured hydrophilic titanium surfaces: sequence of cell proliferation and cell differentiation

Objective: Modifications of surface topography and surface chemistry are key factors for guiding target cells during dental implant healing. Recent in vitro studies confirmed promotion of early osteogenic cell differentiation on submicron scaled surfaces in particular when hydrophilized. However, no long-term observations on both osteogenic cell proliferation as well as on cell maturation have been reported for respectively modified surfaces. Aim of this study was to monitor osteogenic cell proliferation and expression of specific osteogenic cell differentiation markers on a protein level over an extended period of 3 weeks with respect to surface modifications. Material and methods: Modifie…

The prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infections in oral squamous cell carcinomas: a retrospective analysis of 88 patients and literature overview.

In addition to tobacco and alcohol consumption, the two main risk factors for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), recent studies have revealed infections with human papilloma virus (HPV) as an additional risk factor for OSCC development. In the field of head and neck malignancies, the prevalence of HPV infections in oropharyngeal cancer (OC) ranges in different studies up to 84%. While HPV infection is discussed as an independent risk factor in this region, its distinguished role in carcinogenesis of tumours localized to the oral cavity remains still uncertain. In this study, we analysed the HPV status in 88 consecutive patients with OSCCs localized anterior of the palatoglossal arch who w…

Incidence of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws in breast cancer patients.

BACKGROUND: Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws (BP-ONJ) is a relatively new disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of BP-ONJ in breast cancer patients with osseous metastasis and bisphosphonate therapy. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in a EUSOMA accredited breast unit in Germany. All patients treated from January of 2000 to March of 2006 with metastatic breast cancer and bisphosphonate therapy were reviewed. All patients were contacted, and missing data were completed through structured interviews with their dentists and physicians (n = 75). Primary outcome was the development of BP-ONJ and the detection of possible additional trigger fa…

Evaluation of ultrasound transmission velocity and 3-dimensional radiology in different bone types for dental implantology: a comparative ex vivo study.

Objective To evaluate ultrasound transmission velocity (UTV) for assessment of mechanical bone quality, an ex vivo comparison of different bone types measured with UTV, 2-dimensional (2D) histomorphometry and with 3-dimensional (3D) radiology (cone-beam computerized tomography [CBCT], computerized microtomography [μCT]) was conducted. Study Design Clinical cortical, cancellous, and mixed bone (each n = 6) was measured via UTV (m/s), CBCT (white pixel/black pixel ratio [WP/BP]), μCT (bone volume/total volume [μBV/TV]), and histomorphometry (bone volume/total volume [hBV/TV]). UTV values were correlated with 2D-histomorphometry and 3D-radiologic results. Results For the cortical, cancellous, …

Primary Stability of a Hybrid Self-Tapping Implant Compared to a Cylindrical Non-Self-Tapping Implant with Respect to Drilling Protocols in an Ex Vivo Model

Background: Modifications of implant design have been intending to improve primary stability. However, little is known about investigation of a hybrid self-tapping implant on primary stability. Purposes: The aims of this study were to evaluate the primary stability of two hybrid self-tapping implants compared to one cylindrical non-self-tapping implant, and to elucidate the relevance of drilling protocols on primary stability in an ex vivo model. Materials and Methods: Two types of hybrid self-tapping implants (Straumann® Bone Level implant [BL], Straumann® Tapered Effect implant [TE]) and one type of cylindrical non-self-tapping implant (Straumann® Standard Plus implant [SP]) were investig…

Prophylaxis of radiogenic sialadenitis and mucositis by coumarin/troxerutine in patients with head and neck cancer--a prospective,randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study.

To study the efficacy of coumarin/troxerutine for the protection of salivary glands and mucosa during irradiation. Design: Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. Setting: University hospital, Germany. Patients: 48 patients who had radiotherapy to the head and neck. Main outcome measures: Salivary gland scintigraphy and acute side-effects of radiotherapy (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) score). Results: 23 patients (11 experimental, 12 placebo) completed the study. The global efficacy measure combining scintigraphy and RTOG score favoured the experimental arm (P= 0.07). The RTOG score showed significantly fewer acute side-effects of radiation in the experime…

Multiple Resistance to Betalactam Antibiotics, Azithromycin or Moxifloxacin in Implant Associated Bacteria

Background Antibiotics are more and more frequently prescribed in dentistry for prevention and treatment of oral diseases. Bacterial resistance to these agents is clearly increasing, including even previously susceptible micro-organisms and true pathogens. The aim of the present investigation was to examine resistant bacterial strains with respect to possible multiple antibiotic resistance. Methods In a previous investigation, implant-associated bacteria were tested first as mixed cultures and again as pure isolates (n = 138) for resistance to one of five antibiotics (ampicillin/AM, ampicillin + sulbactam/AB, azithromycin/AZ, penicillin/PG, moxifloxacin/MX) using the Etest. The resistance o…

Tissue engineered pre-vascularized buccal mucosa equivalents utilizing a primary triculture of epithelial cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts

Artificial generated buccal mucosa equivalents are a promising approach for the reconstruction of urethral defects. Limiting in this approach is a poor blood vessel supply after transplantation, resulting in increased morbidity and necrosis. We generated a pre-vascularized buccal mucosa equivalent in a tri-culture of primary buccal epithelial cells, fibroblasts and microvascular endothelial cells, using a native collagen membrane as a scaffold. A successful pre-vascularization and dense formation of capillary-like structures at superficial areas was demonstrated. The lumen size of pre-formed blood vessels corresponded to the capillary size in vivo (10-30 μm). Comparing native with a highly …

Early implant healing: promotion of platelet activation and cytokine release by topographical, chemical and biomimetical titanium surface modifications in vitro

Abstract Objectives: Platelet releasate has been shown to promote osteogenetic cell proliferation and differentiation. Topography and chemistry of biomaterials have high impact on platelet activation. More specifically, the bioactive cell adhesive peptide sequence Arg–Gly–Asp (RGD) triggers platelet activation mediated by the αIIbβ3 integrin receptor. Accordingly, topographical, chemical and biomimetical (immobilized RGD peptide) modifications of titanium (Ti) surfaces may enhance early platelet activation and bony healing of implants. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate platelet activation with subsequent platelet-derived cytokine release by accordingly modified Ti surfaces. Ma…

Association of T-cell regulatory gene polymorphisms with oral squamous cell carcinoma

Costimulatory molecules have complementary effects on T-cell activation and their balance may control the development of oral cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the relevance of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), CD28 and inducible costimulator (ICOS) polymorphisms in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Genotyping for CTLA-4 (-1661 A/G and +49 A/G), CD28 (0 C/G and +3160 G/T) and ICOS (+637 A/C and +1599 C/T) was performed in the 83 patients with OSCC, compared to the 40 unrelated healthy volunteers as controls. The genotype CTLA-4 -1661 was significantly different between the patient group and the control group. The allele CTLA-4 -1661 G was significantly found more fr…

Bisphosphonates affect migration ability and cell viability of HUVEC, fibroblasts and osteoblasts in vitro

Oral Diseases (2011) 17, 194–199 Objectives:  Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BP-ONJ) is a side effect in patients being treated with bisphosphonates. The bisphosphonates most often associated with BP-ONJ are the highly potent nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, e.g. pamidronate or zoledronate. In terms of BP-ONJ aetiology, several theories are being discussed: inhibition of bone remodelling, effect on soft tissues, and antiangiogenic effect of bisphosphonates. The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of different potent bisphosphonates on osteoblasts, fibroblasts and human umbilicord vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Materials and methods:  Three nitr…

Antimicrobial Resistance and the Spectrum of Pathogens in Dental and Oral-Maxillofacial Infections in Hospitals and Dental Practices in Germany

Data on microbiological profiles in odontogenic infections are scarce. This study aimed to analyze the spectrum of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from dental and oral-maxillofacial clinical settings in Germany. We analyzed 20,645 clinical isolates (dental practices: n = 5,733; hospitals: n = 14,912) from patients with odontogenic infections using data (2012–2019) from the German Antimicrobial-Resistance-Surveillance (ARS) system. A total of 224 different species from 73 genera were found in clinical isolates from dental practices, and 329 different species from 97 genera were identified in isolates from hospital patients. In both hospitals and dental practices S…

Therapy and prognosis of extraoral malignant melanoma metastasizing to the jaw: case report and literature review.

t a d With approximately 75% of all skin cancer-related deaths, malignant melanoma (MM) is the most lethal among common skin cancers, mostly because of its disposition to early lymphogenic and hematogenic metastasis. If a MM is diagnosed early, the overall prognosis is excellent, but once metastasized it becomes an incurable disease with high mortality. Prognosis is dependent on parameters such as gender, anatomic location, level of invasion, thickness, type of primary tumor, ulceration, and number and status of regional lymphatic nodes. For incidence and mortalty, a decrease in young but an increase in older roups—with geographic differences—has been reported. Because of the embryologic or…

Geranylgeraniol - a new potential therapeutic approach to bisphosphonate associated osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Bisphosphonate associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BP-ONJ) is one of the main side effects of bisphosphonate therapy (BPT). To date, there is no effective therapy of the BP-ONJ. Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) are particularly able to inhibit pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) in the mevalonate pathway (MVP). Consequent of decreased synthesis of the metabolite Geranylgeraniol (GGOH) is believed to largely account for the development of BP-ONJ. Negative effect of N-BPs could be shown, resulting in decreased viability and migration capacity of different cell types of hard and soft tissues such as osteoblasts, fibroblast und endothelial cells. Aim of our in vitro study was to demonstra…

Streptavidin-coated TiO2 surfaces are biologically inert: Protein adsorption and osteoblast adhesion studies

Non-fouling TiO2 surfaces are attractive for a wide range of applications such as biosensors and medical devices, where biologically inert surfaces are needed. Typically, this is achieved by controlled surface modifications which prevent protein adsorption. For example, polyethylene glycol (PEG) or PEG-derived polymers have been widely applied to render TiO2 surfaces biologically inert. These surfaces have been further modified in order to achieve specific bio-activation. Therefore, there have been efforts to specifically functionalize TiO2 surfaces with polymers with embedded biotin motives, which can be used to couple streptavidin for further functionalization. As an alternative, here a s…

Amplified morphogenetic and bone forming activity of amorphous versus crystalline calcium phosphate/polyphosphate.

Amorphous Ca-phosphate (ACP) particles stabilized by inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) were prepared by co-precipitation of calcium and phosphate in the presence of polyP (15% [w/w]). These hybrid nanoparticles showed no signs of crystallinity according to X-ray diffraction analysis, in contrast to the particles obtained at a lower (5% [w/w]) polyP concentration or to hydroxyapatite. The ACP/15% polyP particles proved to be a suitable matrix for cell growth and attachment and showed pronounced osteoblastic and vasculogenic activity in vitro. They strongly stimulated mineralization of the human osteosarcoma cell line SaOS-2, as well as cell migration/microvascularization, as demonstrated in th…

Promotion of osteogenic cell response using quasicovalent immobilized fibronectin on titanium surfaces: introduction of a novel biomimetic layer system.

Purpose Despite the undeniable potential of cell adhesion molecules such as fibronectin to support osteogenic cell responses and consecutive dental implant healing, the most beneficial mode of application onto titanium implant surfaces still requires investigation. Unspecific fibronectin adsorption on titanium dioxide (TiO2) surfaces can result in low-loading, high-desorption rates and protein–metal interactions with impaired biologic activity. The aim of the present study was to monitor the osteogenic cell responses (cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation) specifically to fibronectin biofunctionalized TiO2. Materials and Methods An innovative biomimetic streptavidin-biotin layer…

Immobilisation of linear and cyclic RGD-peptides on titanium surfaces and their impact on endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation

Functional coatings on titanium vascular stents and endosseous dental implants could probably enhance endothelial cell (EC) adhesion and activity with a shortening of the wound healing time and an increase of peri-implant angiogenesis during early bone formation. Therefore, the role of the structure of linear and cyclic cell adhesive peptides Arg-Gly-Asp (l-RGD and c-RGD) on differently pre-treated titanium (Ti) surfaces (untreated, silanised vs. functionalised with l- and c-RGD peptides) on EC cell coverage and proliferation was evaluated. After 24 h and after 3 d, surface coverage of adherent cells was quantifi ed and an alamarBlue® proliferation assay was conducted. After 24 h, l-RGD mod…

Läßt sich das sonomorphologische Lymphknotenstaging bei Kopf-Hals-Karzinomen automatisieren?

OBJECTIVES B-scan ultrasound imaging is an obligatory examination of great clinical relevance in patients with head and neck cancer. The procedure, however, is dependent on an experienced examiner and thus requires higher personal resources than other examination techniques. In addition, its subjective character leads to possible deficits in reliability and objectivity. Established sonomorphologic criteria (echo-contour, echo-density, echo-structure, boundary) should therefore be matched to the findings of computer aided sonomorphometry. METHOD 200 sonographic images of the cervical region of patients with oral carcinoma were analysed semi- and fully automatically as well as interactively b…

The matrix metalloproteinase and insulin-like growth factor system in oral cancer : a prospective clinical study

Aim The absence of reliable single serum biomarkers for oral premalignant lesion (OPL) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) limits early diagnosis, monitoring of advanced disease, and prediction of prognosis. Methods In this prospective study, serum levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-3, MMP-13, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, and IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-3 were measured in 81 untreated OSCC patients, 49 healthy subjects, and 75 individuals with OPLs, and correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Results Serum levels of MMP-3 were significantly higher in OSCC patients compared to healthy subjects (p=0.004). Mean IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 levels in OSCC patients were sign…

Dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for monitoring angiogenesis during bone regeneration – a randomized pilot study in rabbits

Clinical efficacy of a computerised device (STA™) and a pressure syringe (VarioJect INTRA™) for intraligamentary anaesthesia.

Introduction To evaluate the impact of experience whilst using different devices for intraligamentary anaesthesia, dental students tested clinical anaesthetic efficacy of a mechanical (PDL-S) and a computer-controlled (CCLAD) application system in restorative patients. Material and methods In a prospective study, 41 Patients in need of restorative treatment in lower posterior mandible were randomised into three groups (PDL-S: teeth n = 22; CCLAD: teeth n = 20; inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB): teeth n = 20). Dental last year students conducted anaesthesia and dental treatment. Primary objectives were differences in pain during treatment [numeric rating scale (NRS)] as well as in anaesth…

Relation between bone quality values from ultrasound transmission velocity and implant stability parameters--an ex vivo study.

Aim The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between bone qualities measured by ultrasound transmission velocity (UTV) and primary implant stability parameters measured by radiofrequency analysis (RFA) and push-out test (POT) in an ex-vivo model. Materials and methods Three blocks of fresh porcine bone samples were obtained from different anatomic regions, correlating to cortical, mixed and cancellous bone. Mechanical bone qualities of these samples were measured using UTV (expressed in m/s) prior to implantation. Three similar implants (4.1 × 11 mm, AstraTech OS) were inserted into each of the procured bone blocks. The evaluation of implant-bone interface stability was…

Comparison of 4% articaine with epinephrine (1:100,000) and without epinephrine in inferior alveolar block for tooth extraction: double-blind randomized clinical trial of anesthetic efficacy

The purpose of this clinical prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to compare the anesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine with epinephrine (1:100,000) and without epinephrine in inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia for extractions of mandibular teeth.Eighty-eight patients received intraoral inferior alveolar nerve blocks using 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine (n = 41; group 1) or without epinephrine (n = 47; group 2) for extractions of mandibular teeth. The primary objectives were differences in onset as well as in length of soft tissue anesthesia. The amount of anesthetic solution, need of a second injection, pain while injecting, pain during treatment, postoperative pain,…

Collagen membranes of dermal and pericardial origin-In vivo evolvement of vascularization over time.

Aim of the study was to compare the evolvement of vascularization over time of collagen membranes (CMs) of dermal and pericardial origin in an in vivo animal study. Twenty-eight mice underwent implantation of three commercially available CM derived from porcine dermis (homogenous structure: CM1 (Control 1) and bilayer structure: CM2 [Control 2]), from porcine pericardium (CM3; Test 1) as well as CM3 sprayed with silica-enhanced nanostructured hydroxyapatite (CM4, Test 2). After 3, 6, 9, and 12 days, intravital fluorescence microscopy was conducted for determination of capillary diameter, density, flow, and length. At Day 12, samples were examined immunohistologically for expression of fibro…

In Vivo Modulation of Angiogenesis and Immune Response on a Collagen Matrix via Extracorporeal Shockwaves

The effective management of tissue integration and immunological responses to transplants decisively co-determines the success of soft and hard tissue reconstruction. The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the eligibility of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) with respect to its ability to modulate angiogenesis and immune response to a collagen matrix (CM) for tissue engineering in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay, which is performed with fertilized chicken eggs. CM were placed on the CAM on embryonic development day (EDD) 7

Factors accelerating recurrences and secondary tumors in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

To investigate factors that affect and also decrease the duration for recurrences and secondary tumors in cSCC. A retrospective study was conducted for all patients who were treated for a cSCC of the head and neck between 2009 and 2016. Anamnestic as well as epidemiological and histological data were noted and correlated with the occurrence of recurrences and secondary cancers. The duration between surgery and these events was used to determine if histological factors accelerate their occurrence. The highest risk for recurrences was seen in patients with previous skin cancers (RR 3.23). Histological ulceration (p = 0.003) and grading (p = 0.031) of the tumor were found as significant factor…

Antibiotic susceptibility of cocultures in polymicrobial infections such as peri-implantitis or periodontitis: an in vitro model.

Although polymicrobial infections, such as peri-implantitis or periodontitis, were postulated in the literature to be caused by synergistic effects of bacteria, these effects remain unclear looking at antibiotic susceptibility. The aim of this study is to compare the antibiotic susceptibilities of pure cultures and definite cocultures.Laboratory strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans), Capnocytophaga ochracea (Co), and Parvimonas micra (Pm) (previously Peptostreptococcus micros) were cultivated under anaerobic conditions, and their susceptibilities to 10 antibiotics (benzylpenicillin G, ampicillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin/sulba…

Clinical, therapeutic and prognostic features of osteosarcoma of the jaws - experience of 36 cases.

Abstract Introduction Osteosarcoma of the jaws (OSJ) differs from osteosarcoma of other skeletal regions due to later development, a high mortality associated with the local disease, fewer incidences of metastases and its extreme rarity. In regard to clinical and pathological parameters as well as therapeutic approaches and prognosis, OSJ has not been specifically examined to date. In order to achieve a better understanding of this special malignancy, an evaluation of incidence, treatment and prognosis of patients with OSJ in our department over the past 38 years was conducted. Materials and methods A retrospective analysis of patients with OSJ between 1972 and 2010 was performed. Informati…

Biological factors involved in alveolar bone regeneration

Background and Aims: To describe the biology of alveolar bone regeneration.Material and Methods: Four comprehensive reviews were performed on (a) mesenchymal cells and differentiation factors leadi ...

Severe versus Local Odontogenic Bacterial Infections: Comparison of Microbial Isolates

<i>Aim:</i> It was the aim of this study to evaluate the clinical and microbiological differences between severe and local odontogenic abscesses. <i>Methods:</i> Thirty patients were prospectively enrolled. Sixteen of 30 patients suffered from a severe life-threatening abscess of the head and neck, whereas 14/30 patients presented with a localized submucous abscess. Anaerobic bacteria were identified and susceptibility testing was performed using E test strips for penicillin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, imipenem + cilastatin, clindamycin and metronidazole. <i>Results:</i> The mean duration until removal of all drains was 14.1 and 3.5 days, respectively…

Activation of Human Osteoblasts via Different Bovine Bone Substitute Materials With and Without Injectable Platelet Rich Fibrin in vitro

IntroductionThe aim of the in vitro study was to compare the effect of four bovine bone substitute materials (XBSM) with and without injectable platelet-reach fibrin for viability and metabolic activity of human osteoblasts (HOB) as well as expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), and osteonectin (OCN).Materials and MethodsCerabone® (CB), Bio-Oss® (BO), Creos Xenogain® (CX) and MinerOss® X (MO) ± i-PRF were incubated with HOB. At day 3, 7, and 10, cell viability and metabolic activity as well as expression of ALP, OCN, and BMP-2, was examined.ResultsFor non-i-PRF groups, the highest values concerning viability were seen for CB at all time points. Pre-t…

Rate of false-negative findings in sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with head and neck malignant melanoma.

e17566 Background: Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) is the standard procedure for malignant melanoma with a thicknes above 1mm. However, the benefits of this procedure have recently been questioned because of a high number of false negative findings. The aim of our study was to investigate the number of early recurrence in patients with negative SLNB. Methods: All patients with malignant melanoma of the head and neck region who underwent SLNB between 2010 and 2016 in our department were included and data reviewed retrospectively. Recurrence in the same cervical lymph node region of the previously extirpated sentinel lymph node (SLN) within one year was defined as primary false-negative. R…

Osseous response on linear and cyclic RGD-peptides immobilized on titanium surfaces in vitro and in vivo

Biomimetic surface modifications of titanium implants using the Arg-Gly-Asp-sequence (RGD) are promising to accelerate bone healing in cases of medical implants. Therefore, we compared the impact of linear and cyclic RGD (l- and c-RGD) covalently coupled onto titanium surfaces on the osseous response in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, osteoblasts' behaviour on different surfaces (unmodified, amino-silanized (APTES), l- and c-RGD) was analysed regarding adhesion (fluorescence microscopy), proliferation (resazurin stain) and differentiation (RT-PCR on alkaline phosphatase (AP) & osteocalcin (OC)). In vivo, osteosynthesis screws (unmodified n=8, l-RGD n=8, c-RGD n=8) were inserted into the proxim…

Using ultrasound transmission velocity to analyse the mechanical properties of teeth after in vitro, in situ, and in vivo irradiation.

Ultrasound transmission velocity (UTV) in isotropic material as a measure for the modulus of elasticity was correlated to mechanical properties. Changes in micromechanical properties of radiated teeth and influence of the oral cavity were to be evaluated nondestructively. UTV was measured in extracted teeth after 36 Gy and 62 Gy of in situ (enorally, with no contact to the oral cavity) and in vitro irradiation. Relative to controls, teeth subjected to 62 Gy in vivo showed higher UTV values for dentine and enamel. Sound teeth irradiated with 60 Gy in situ also showed higher UTV values for enamel, whereas dentine values were not significantly different from those of control. The mechanical pr…

In vitro activity of LY333328, a new glycopeptide, against extracellular and intracellular vancomycin-resistant enterococci.

The objectives of the study were to observe the activity of LY333328, a new semisynthetic glycopeptide, compared to that of vancomycin against six strains of Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis, including four vancomycin-resistant strains. Bacteria ingested by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) as well as extracellular bacteria were studied using a colony count method. The activity against intracellular bacteria was tested with the drugs present in the extracellular medium, as well as after preincubating the PMN and removal of the drugs. LY333328 is active against the tested enterococci, regardless of their susceptibility to vancomycin, with MICs of 1-2 mg/l. It is bacteriostatic…

Peri-implant parameters in head and neck reconstruction: influence of extraoral skin or intraoral mucosa.

Objective: This study is designed to assess dental implants supporting overdentures in edentulous patients with operated head and neck malignancies using parameters to detect peri-implant disease. Material and methods: Thirty-four implants supporting overdentures in 34 oral cancer patients were examined. Clinical parameters [plaque index, probing depth, bleeding on probing (BOP), origin of peri-implant soft tissue, and amount of irradiation] were recorded, and microbiological identification of periodontal pathogens was carried out by DNA–DNA hybridization. To identify yeast species, the samples were cultivated on Sabouraud agar plates and subsequently identified by API 20C AUX plates. An im…

A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) of Titanium-13Zirconium versus Titanium Grade IV Small-Diameter Bone Level Implants in Edentulous Mandibles - Results from a 1-Year Observation Period

Background: The use of endosseous dental implants has become common practice for the rehabilitation of edentulous patients, and a two-implant overdenture has been recommended as the standard of care. The use of small-diameter implants may extend treatment options and reduce the necessity for bone augmentation. However, the mechanical strength of titanium is limited, so titanium alloys with greater tensile and fatigue strength may be preferable. Purpose: This randomized, controlled, double-blind, multicenter study investigated in a split-mouth model whether small-diameter implants made from Titanium-13Zirconium alloy (TiZr, Roxolid™) perform at least as well as Titanium Grade IV implants. Me…

Ten-Year Retrospective Follow-Up Study of the TiOblast™ Dental Implant

Purpose: Long-term results in the clinical outcome of different implant systems, including high patient numbers and a long follow-up time, are rare. This retrospective study evaluated the cumulative survival rate of a self-tapping, cylindrical implant system with a conical implant-abutment connection after 10 years of prosthetic loading. Materials and Methods: A total of 516 TiOblast™ implants (Astra Tech AB, Molndal, Sweden) were placed in 108 patients. The patients were treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany, between September 1994 and May 2005. The main indications for implantation were the treatment of edentulous mandib…

Submicron Scale-Structured Hydrophilic Titanium Surfaces Promote Early Osteogenic Gene Response for Cell Adhesion and Cell Differentiation

cid_339 166..175 ABSTRACT Background and Purpose: Titanium (Ti) surface roughness and surface hydrophilicity are key factors to regulate osteogenic cell responses during dental implant healing. In detail, specific integrin-mediated interactions with the extracellular environment trigger relevant osteogenic cell responses like differentiation and matrix synthesis via transcriptions factors. Aim of this study was to monitor surface-dependent osteogenic cell adhesion dynamics, proliferation, and specific osteo- genic cell differentiation over a period of 7 days. Materials and Methods: Ti disks were manufactured to present smooth pretreatment (PT) surfaces and rough sandblasted/ acid-etched (SL…

Modulation of platelet activation and initial cytokine release by alloplastic bone substitute materials.

Objectives: Platelet-derived cytokines play a crucial role in tissue regeneration. In regenerative dental medicine, bone substitute materials (BSM) are widely used. However, initial interactions of BSM and platelets are still unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of platelet activation and subsequent initial cytokine release by different commercial alloplastic BSM. Material and methods: Eight commercial BSM of different origins and chemical compositions (tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass: SiO2 and mixtures) were incubated with a platelet concentrate (platelet-rich plasma, PRP) of three healthy volunteers at room temperature for 15 min. Platelet cou…

Patient‐specific titanium meshes: Future trend or current technology?

Swelling of the buccal cheek: an unusual presentation of primary tuberculosis.

Functional Rehabilitation of Mandibular Continuity Defects Using Autologous Bone and Dental Implants – Prognostic Value of Bone Origin, Radiation Therapy and Implant Dimensions

<i>Aim:</i> The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate prognostic parameters for the rehabilitation of mandibular continuity defects with free autologous bone and dental implants for patients after intraoral squamous cell carcinoma. <i>Methods:</i> Following potential prognostic factors for implant survival were analyzed: bony bed (local bone versus augmented iliac crest bone), radiation dose (no radiation, <50 Gy, ≥50 Gy) and implant dimensions. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates of the inserted implants were performed. <i>Results:</i> After 5 years, the cumulative survival rate of all investigated implants was 82.6%. Dental implantation into…

3D bioprinting of tissue units with mesenchymal stem cells, retaining their proliferative and differentiating potential, in polyphosphate-containing bio-ink

Abstract The three-dimensional (3D)-printing processes reach increasing recognition as important fabrication techniques to meet the growing demands in tissue engineering. However, it is imperative to fabricate 3D tissue units, which contain cells that have the property to be regeneratively active. In most bio-inks, a metabolic energy-providing component is missing. Here a formulation of a bio-ink is described, which is enriched with polyphosphate (polyP), a metabolic energy providing physiological polymer. The bio-ink composed of a scaffold (N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan), a hydrogel (alginate) and a cell adhesion matrix (gelatin) as well as polyP substantially increases the viability and the …

Treatment of injuries to the inferior alveolar nerve after endodontic procedures.

Overextension of filling material into the mandibular canal after root treatment in the lower jaw is a rare but serious complication. Mechanical compression, chemical neurotoxicity and local infection may cause irreversible nerve damage. A report on 11 patients with neurological complaints of the inferior alveolar nerve after endodontic treatment is summarised. The neurological findings are dominated by hypaesthesia and dysaesthesia. Half of the patients reported pain. Hyperaesthesia is found much more rarely. Nearly all the patients had a combination of one or more symptoms. Initial X-rays showed root filling material in the area of the mandibular canal. Nine cases were treated with apicec…

Use of a new cross-linked collagen membrane for the treatment of dehiscence-type defects at titanium implants: a prospective, randomized-controlled double-blinded clinical multicenter study.

OBJECTIVES The aim of the present randomized-controlled double-blinded clinical multicenter study was to assess the use of either a new cross-linked (VN) or a native collagen membrane (BG) for the treatment of dehiscence-type defects at titanium implants. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of n=54 patients were recruited in four German university clinics. According to a parallel-groups design, dehiscence-type defects at titanium implants were filled with a natural bone mineral and randomly assigned to either VN or BG. Submerged sites were allowed to heal for 4 months. Primary (e.g., changes in defect length - DeltaDL, quality of newly formed tissue [0-4] - TQ) and secondary parameters (e.g., memb…

Combination of an allogenic and a xenogenic bone substitute material with injectable platelet-rich fibrin – A comparative in vitro study

The aim of the in vitro study was a comparison of an allogenic (ABSM) and a xenogenic bone substitute material (XBSM) with and without injectable platelet-rich fibrin (ABSM-i-PRF & XBSM-i-PRF) on cell characteristics of human osteoblasts (HOB). Here, ABSM and XBSM (+ i-PRF = test; - i-PRF = control) were incubated with HOB for 3, 7 and 10 days. HOB viability, migration, proliferation and differentiation (RT-PCR on alkaline phosphatase (AP), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and osteonectin (OCN)) were measured and compared between groups. At day 3, an increased viability, migration and proliferation was seen for ABSM-i-PRF. For viability and proliferation (days 7 and 10) and for mig…

Full‐thickness tissue engineered oral mucosa for genitourinary reconstruction: A comparison of different collagen‐based biodegradable membranes

Tissue engineering is a method of growing importance regarding clinical application in the genitourinary region. One of the key factors in successfully development of an artificially tissue engineered mucosa equivalent (TEOM) is the optimal choice of the scaffold. Collagen scaffolds are regarded as gold standard in dermal tissue reconstruction. Four distinct collagen scaffolds were evaluated for the ability to support the development of an organotypical tissue architecture. TEOMs were established by seeding cocultures of primary oral epithelial cells and fibroblasts on four distinct collagen membranes. Cell viability was assessed by MTT-assay. The 3D architecture and functionality of the ti…

Prevalence and risk factors of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw in prostate cancer patients with advanced disease treated with zoledronate.

Abstract Background In addition to other treatments, patients with prostate cancer (pCA) and bone metastasis receive bisphosphonates. Since 2003, a previously unknown side-effect of bisphosphonates—bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws (BP-ONJ)—has been described, and frequency has since increased. An exact incidence is still unknown. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and additional factors in the development of BP-ONJ. Design, setting, and participants From July 2006 to October 2007, patients with advanced pCA and osseous metastasis receiving bisphosphonate therapy in the Department of Urology or Haematology and Oncology at the Johannes-Gutenberg-Un…

Osteoradionecrosis and Antiresorptive Drug-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws

With similar clinical appearances, osteoradionecrosis and antiresorptive drug-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (ARONJ) are different side effects of treatment regimens of mostly malignant diseases. While radiotherapy is usually used to control the progress of locoregional tumors, antiresorptive agents are administered in patients with generalized catabolic bone diseases. Although surgical techniques to treat both diseases are comparable, it should be noted that the pathophysiology is different. For the different genesis of both entities, they are dealt with separately in the following chapter.

A comparison of three different attachment systems for mandibular two-implant overdentures: one-year report.

Background: There is a lack of clinical studies on the self-aligning attachment system (Locator®; Zest Anchors, Inc. homepage, Escondido, CA, USA) for two-implant-retained overdentures in the edentulous mandible. Therefore, a comparison of the Locator with two traditional designs (a rotational gold matrix and a rubber O-ring type) in clinical 1-year use was conducted. MaterialsandMethods: From 2003 to 2007, 60 patients received two Osseotite® TG Standard implants (BIOMET 3i Implant Innovations, Palm Beach Gardens, FL, USA) in the intraforaminal area of the edentulous mandible. The implants were left unloaded for 3.5 months, randomized to three different attachment systems, and loaded throug…

Calcium Phosphate-Coated Titanium Implants in the Mandible: Limitations of the in vivo Minipig Model

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> We aimed to compare implant osseointegration with calcium phosphate (CaP) surfaces and rough subtractive-treated sandblasted/acid etched surfaces (SA) in an in vivo minipig mandible model. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> A total of 36 cylindrical press-fit implants with two different surfaces (CaP, <i>n</i> = 18; SA, <i>n</i> = 18) were inserted bilaterally into the mandible of 9 adult female minipigs. After 2, 4, and 8 weeks, we analyzed the cortical bone-to-implant contact (cBIC; %) and area coverage of bone-to-implant contact within representative bone chambers (aBIC; %). <b>&lt…

Reply to Athanassios Kyrgidis, Zisis Teleioudis and Konstantinos Vahtsevanos’ Letter to the Editor re: Christian Walter, Bilal Al-Nawas, Knut A. Grötz, et al. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Bisphosphonate-Associated Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Prostate Cancer Patients with Advanced Disease Treated with Zoledronate. Eur Urol 2008;54:1066–72

Empfindlichkeitsprüfung vonCandidaSpecies unterAnwendung des kommerziellen Agardiffusionsverfahrens mit LD 2-Ringen für die Routinediagnostik

Zusammenfassung: Die steigende Zahl von Pilzinfektionen, die Entwicklung und Einfuhrung neuer antimykotischer Substanzen sowie die Moglichkeit der Resistenzentwicklung unter Therapie mit Antimykotika haben in der Vergangenheit zu einem standig wachsenden Bedarf an standardisierten Verfahren zur Empfindlichkeitstestung von pathogenen Pilzen gefuhrt. Hierbei entstand unter anderem eine Vielzahl kommerzieller Testverfahren, bei denen mit Hilfe vorgefertigter Testkits eine einfache und schnelle Durchfuhrung der Empfindlichkeitsprufung erzielt werden soll. Eine dieser Methoden, welche in manchen Laboratorien in Deutschland angewendet wird, ist das so genannte LD 2 Ring-Verfahren, welches auf dem…

Influence of a collagen membrane and recombinant platelet-derived growth factor on vertical bone augmentation in implant-fixed deproteinized bovine bone - animal pilot study

Combinations of bone substitute block materials with membrane techniques as well as with growth factors are possible options to enhance the prognosis of vertical bone augmentation. Therefore, the aim of the pilot study was to compare the influence of a collagen membrane and a signal protein (rhPDGF-BB) on vertical bone augmentation with a stable fixed block material (deproteinized bovine bone [DBB]).In 12 rabbits, a DBB-block was implant-fixed on the tibia in a split-leg-design. Included were: DBB only (control), DBB + collagen membrane (test), DBB + rhPDGF-BB (test) and DBB + rhPDGF-BB + collagen membrane (test). 24 samples were examined after 3 (n = 12) and 6 weeks (n = 12). Calculated pa…

Prevalence of bisphosphonate associated osteonecrosis of the jaws in multiple myeloma patients

Abstract Background Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws (BP-ONJ) is an adverse effect of bisphosphonate treatment with varying reported incidence rates. Methods In two neighboring German cities, prevalence and additional factors of the development of BP-ONJ in multiple myeloma patients with bisphosphonates therapy were recorded using a retrospective (RS) and cross-sectional study (CSS) design. For the RS, all patients treated from Jan. 2000 - Feb. 2006 were contacted by letter. In the CSS, all patients treated from Oct. 2006 - Mar. 2008 had a physical and dental examination. Additionally, a literature review was conducted to evaluate all articles reporting on BP-ONJ prevalen…

Zoledronate, ibandronate and clodronate enhance osteoblast differentiation in a dose dependent manner – A quantitative in vitro gene expression analysis of Dlx5, Runx2, OCN, MSX1 and MSX2

Bisphosphonates are widely used in the clinical treatment of bone diseases with increased bone resorption. In terms of side effects, they are known to be associated with osteonecrosis of the jaw (BONJ). There are two groups of bisphosphonates: the nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, e.g. zoledronate and ibandronate, and the non-nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, e.g. clodronate. Their impact on bone metabolism seems to differ. The objective of this study was to compare the osteogenic differentiation potency of these two pharmacologic groups. Human osteoblasts were stimulated with zoledronate and ibandronate at concentrations of 5×10(-5) M, 5×10(-6) M and 5×10(-7) M over the experimental …