Surface versus bulk composition of a phosphate glass

1994

Transmission and conversion electron Mossbauer spectroscopy as well as photoelectron spectroscopy were applied to study alterations of the surface layer of an iron containing industrial phosphate glass as compared with its bulk. In the surface layer, after polishing and exposure to ambient atmosphere, Fe 2+ is partially oxidized to Fe 3+ . This oxidation, however, does not increase the O/P ratio in this layer, because it goes along with a strong leaching of network modifiers. This leaching leads to a net decrease of the O/P ratio because it overcompensates the relative oxygen increase by Fe 2+ oxidation and by uptake of water

Pulsatile versus continuous oxytocin infusion for the oxytocin challenge test.

1994

In a prospective study, 140 patients had an oxytocin challenge test with either a continuous or a pulsed infusion (one minute of infusion in every five minutes). Both infusion regimens had similar success rates in terms of uterine contractions (97.1 vs 98.6%). The potency ratio (pulsed versus continuous infusion) was significant at 2.7 (1.27 to 5.2), which means that more uterine activity was induced with each mU of oxytocin with pulsatile than with continuous administration. The total amount of oxytocin required to obtain three good contractions in 10 minutes was about 40% less with pulsed administration than with continuous infusion, but the test took 40 minutes longer with the pulsed tha…

Learning Processes in the Control Theory

1994

The Sociology of Nazism

1994

In a previous paper, we tested a number of critical hypotheses derived from the three principal explanations of the sociology of Nazism. Our major finding was that the mass society, lower middle-class party of protest, and political confessionalism theses are empirically flawed. In this article, we apply an interest-based theory to the sociology of blue-collar Nazism. Using a sample of 15,006 workers who joined the Nazi Party between 1925 and 1932, we test the validity of our interest-based theory. The data demonstrate significant support for an interest-based account of Nazi Party working-class joining.

LEFT-VENTRICULAR CONTRACILITY AFTER HYPOTHERMIC PRESERVATION - PREDICTIVE VALUE OF P-31 - NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY

1994

International audience; Abstract: Early graft failure accounts for a substantial portion of the mortality after heart transplantation. This factor underscores the need for the development of reliable methods for predicting graft performance and thus ensuring optimal clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to describe the link between myocardial metabolism evaluated throughout preservation with the use of phosphorus 31-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and ventricular contractility after reperfusion. Thirteen pig hearts were excised and preserved from 3 to 12 hours with clinical techniques. During preservation the hearts underwent, phosphorus 31-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrosc…

Oxidative halogenation of substituted pyrroles with Cu(II). PartIV.Bromination of 2-(2′-hydroxybenzoyl)pyrrole. A new synthesis of bioactive analogs …

1994

The selective bromination with copper(II) bromide of the pyrrole ring in 2-(2'-hydroxybenzoyl)pyrrole (II) in the heterogeneous phase is des- cribed giving in almost quantitative yield the 4,5-dibromo derivative (VI). The subsequent introduction of halogen into the phenol moiety was observed when the reaction was perfomed in the homogeneous phase with an excess of halogenating agent. The pentabromo derivative (IX), a com- pound very active against Staphylococcus aureus (mic=17 nmoles per dm -3 ), was obtained by exhaustive bromination of the title compound. Poor yields of chloro derivatives of (II) were obtained by reaction of the parent compound with copper(II) chloride

Nitric oxide synthase in the enteric nervous system of the guinea-pig: a quantitative description

1994

The distribution and abundance of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-containing neurons and their terminals in the gastrointestinal tract of the guinea-pig were examined in detail using NADPH diaphorase histochemistry and NOS immunohistochemistry. NOS-containing cell bodies were found in the myenteric plexus throughout the gastrointestinal tract and in the submucous plexus of the stomach, colon and rectum. NOS-containing neurons comprised between 12% (in the duodenum) and 54% (in the esophagus) of total myenteric neurons. In the ileum, NOS neurons represented 19% of total myenteric neurons. Most of the NOS neurons throughout the gastrointestinal tract possessed lamellar dendrites and a single axon…

Orbital-controlled reactions catalysed by zeolites: Electrophilic alkylation of aromatics

1994

The role of orbital control in product selectivity during electrophilic aromatic alkylation catalysed by zeolites was studied both theoretically and experimentally. In order to discuss this, the alkylation of toluene and m-xylene by methanol was carried out on a series of large-pore zeolites (HY). The changes in the para to ortho ratio observed on changing the framework Si/Al ratio of the zeolites were related to ab initio molecular orbital calculations of the LUMO energy of structurally alike model clusters but containing different tetrahedral cations around the active site. The observed correlation is discussed in terms of the HSAB principle by taking into account the influence of the cat…

Funktionelle Langzeitergebnisse nach Velopharyngoplastik als sprachverbessernde Maßnahme

1994

Von 148 Patienten, bei denen im Zeitraum von 1980 bis 1992 wegen einer velopharyngealen Insuffizienz eine Velopharyngoplastik durchgefuhrt wurde sowie pra- und postoperative Befunde vorlagen, wurden 43 Betroffene zur Einschatzung der morphologischen und funktionellen Spatresultate nachuntersucht. Bei 95,3% aller nachuntersuchten Patienten wurde eine Velopharyngoplastik nachSanvenero-Rosselli [15] und bei 4,7% eine Velopharynxadhasion nachStellmach [19] durchgefuhrt. Die pra- und postoperative Beurteilung sowie die Nachuntersuchung erfolgten dabei nach subjektiven Kriterien durch Fachvertreter der Kieferchirurgie, Kieferorthopadie, Phoniatrie und Logopadie. Bei 86% der nachuntersuchten Patie…

alpha-Glycerophosphocholine in the mental recovery of cerebral ischemic attacks. An Italian multicenter clinical trial.

1994

The clinical efficacy and the tolerability of alpha-glycerophosphocholine (alpha-GPC), a drug able to provide high levels of choline for the nervous cells of the brain and to protect their cell walls, have been tested in a clinical open multicenter trial on 2044 patients suffering from recent stroke or transient ischemic attacks. alpha-GPC was administered after the attack at the daily dose of 1000 mg im for 28 days and orally at the dose of 400 mg tid during the following 5 months after the first phase. The evaluation of the efficacy on the psychic recovery was done by the Mathew Scale (MS) during the period of im drug administration, and using the Mini Mental State Test (MMST), the Cricht…

Influence of the ovary on parameters of LH secretion during the recovery from buserelin-induced desensitization

1994

Abstract This study examined the effect of the ovary on LH pulsatility and on the secretory performance of gonadotrophes during the phase of recovery after treatment with buserelin, a GnRH analogue. We included 12 patients, who received buserelin (1.2 mg/day, intranasally for 3 months) as a reductive therapy for uterine leiomyomatosis prior to hysterectomy. Six patients were oophorectomized and the other 6 patients had their ovaries preserved. LH was measured in samples taken basally up to 36 days after suppression of buserelin. LH pulsatility was studied on day 9 along a 24-h cycle, and the response of the hormone to a double-stimulus GnRH test on days 0, 9, 20, and 34. The concentration o…

Predator presence may benefit: kestrels protect curlew nests against nest predators.

1994

We studied whether the presence of breeding kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) affected nest predation and breeding habitat selection of curlews (Numenius arquata) on an open flat farmland area in western Finland. We searched for nests of curlews from an area of 6 km2 during 1985–1993. For each nest found, we recorded the fate of the nest, and the distance to the nearest kestrel nest and to the nearest perch. We measured the impact of breeding kestrels on nest predation by constructing artificial curlew nests in the vicinity of ten kestrel nests in 1993. Curlew nests were closer to kestrel nests than expected from random distribution, eventhough kestrels fed on average 5.5% of curlew chick produc…

Cytotoxins and fimbrial adhesins produced by Escherichia coli strains isolated from calves with diarrhea in Algeria

1994

International audience

Energetic aspects of intramolecular coupling between the nucleotide binding site and the distal switch II region of the yeast RAS2 protein

1994

AbstractWe have studied the interaction of the yeast RAS2 protein with guanine nucleotides using energetic parameters for the dissociation of RAS·nucleotide complexes. The results indicated that a Gly → Ser substitution at position 82 led to an altered interaction with GppNHp and, to a lesser extent, also with GDP. It was also possible to conclude that structural perturbation of Gly82 can stimulate nucleotide release by decreasing the energetic barrier for nucleotide dissociation. This, together with the observation that residues 80 and 81 are involved in the response of RAS to nucleotide exchange factors without affecting GDP binding per se, suggests a potential mechanism for exchange fact…

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies generated against bovine and porcine prostacyclin synthase and quantitation of bovine prostacyclin synthase

1994

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies were raised against prostacyclin synthases purified from bovine and porcine aortae, respectively. Two monoclonal antibodies, RS1 and RS2, were purified and characterized. As shown by enzyme activity precipitation and Western blot analysis, in solubilized bovine and porcine aortae microsomes the monoclonal antibodies reacted only with prostacyclin synthase. The monoclonal antibody RS1 cross-reacts with partially purified prostacyclin synthase from human umbilical veins in an ELISA-based assay. None of the antibodies inhibited the enzyme activity. By combination of the monoclonal antibody RS2 with a polyclonal antibody we established an enzyme-linked immunosorben…

Generation and preliminary characterization of anti-tonoplast monoclonal antibodies

1994

Necrosis formation release of internal plant signals and expression of defense genes are linked processes leading to acquired resistance against P. p…

1994

International audience

Structural and Magnetic Characterization of a Novel Heptanuclear Hydroxo-Bridged Copper(II) Cluster of the Corner-Sharing Dicubane Type

1994

Distribution, classification, and development ofDrosophila glial cells in the late embryonic and early larval ventral nerve cord.

1994

To facilitate the investigation of glial development inDrosophila, we present a detailed description of theDrosophila glial cells in the ventral nerve cord. A GAL4 enhancer-trap screen for glial-specific expression was performed. Using UAS-lacZ and UAS-kinesin-lacZ as reporter constructs, we describe the distribution and morphology of the identified glial cells in the fully differentiated ventral nerve cord of first-instar larvae just after hatching. The three-dimensional structure of the glial network was reconstructed using a computer. Using the strains with consistent GAL4 expression during late embryogenesis, we traced back the development of the identified cells to provide a glial map …

Book Review: Inorganic Biochemistry. An Introduction. By J. A. Cowan

1994

Anomalous Diffusion and Relaxation of Collapsed Polymer Chains

1994

Time-dependent displacement of monomers and the centre-of-gravity motion of a polymer chain at various temperatures below the theta-temperature are studied by Monte Carlo simulation of an off-lattice model. While inner monomers diffuse Rouse-like, [ri(t) − ri(0)]2  t1/2, the centre of mass exhibits pronounced anomalous diffusion, [rc.m.(t) − rc.m.(0)]2  ta, where the exponent a seems to depend on temperature. The resulting anomalous dependence of the relaxation times on chain length is discussed in terms of scaling ideas. A possible relation to a glasslike freezing in of the collapsed globules is pointed out.

Critical Behavior for Correlated Strongly Coupled Boson Systems in 1 + 1 Dimensions

1994

The natural integrable correlated strongly coupled boson system in 1 + 1 dimensions is the $q$-boson hopping model; we calculate its critical exponent $\ensuremath{\theta}$ and determine its correlation functions. For small couplings the $q$-boson model has natural connections with the Bose gas and the $\mathrm{XY}$ models of very large spin for which $\ensuremath{\theta}'\mathrm{s}$ and correlators are reported. For large couplings the hopping model is a new phase of interacting bosons substantially different from the impenetrable Bose gas.

Copper patterning on dielectrics by laser writing in liquid solution

1994

A technique suitable for laser induced deposition of copper on LiNbO 3 and glass is presented. Deposition is achieved from Cu salt solution mixed with glycerol, after coating the surface with a very thin metal film. High resolution and low electrical resistivity can be achieved, using laser power levels in the 20-mW range. The technique can be used for electrode and interconnect fabrication in integrated optical devices, as well as mask repair or microelectronics applications.

Three-dimensional structure of hepatitis B virus core particles determined by electron cryomicroscopy

1994

Human hepatitis B virus core protein expressed in E. coli assembles into two sizes of particle. We have determined their three-dimensional structures by electron cryomicroscopy and image processing. The large and small particles correspond to triangulation number T = 4 and T = 3 dimer clustered packings, containing 240 and 180 protein subunits, respectively. The local packing of subunits is very similar in the two sizes of particle and shows holes or channels through the shell. The native viral core particle packages RNA and is active in reverse transcription to DNA. The holes we observe may provide access for the necessary small molecules. Shells assembled from the intact core protein cont…

Arbitrage interne. Tribunal arbitral ni constitué, ni saisi, Procédure de référé provision, Incompétence du président du tribunal de commerce, Compét…

1994

International audience; (Dijon, 23 juin 1993 (inédit), CGS Industries, SARL Cirus c/ Dandelot)

Mode anormal de paiement. Cession de créance, Mode de paiement communément admis dans les relations d'affaires, Relations entre l'URSSAF et les assuj…

1994

International audience; (Com. 14 déc. 1993, Sudre, ès qual. c/ URSSAF du Puy-de-Dôme)

Arbitrages parallèles. Désignation d'un arbitre commun aux deux procédures, Connaissance par les parties de la situation de l'arbitre commun, Accepta…

1994

International audience; (Paris 14 oct. 1993 (inédit), Sherif Javil Ben Nasser et autres c/ BNP et autres)

Mode anormal de paiement. Indemnité d'assurance subrogée à des biens vendus sous réserve de propriété. Règlement directement effectué entre les mains…

1994

International audience; (Com. 6 juill. 1993, SA. Centrale Bardes c/ Peres, ès qual.).

Mode anormal de paiement. Cession de créance, Mode de paiement communément admis dans les relations d'affaires, Recherche nécessaire

1994

International audience; (Com. 30 mars 1993, SA Duval c/ Piollet, ès qual. et autre)

Arbitrage international. Clause compromissoire, Autonomie, Règle matérielle, Droit international de l'arbitrage, Principe d'efficacité de la clause c…

1994

International audience; (Civ. 1re, 20 déc. 1993 (inédit), Municipalité de Khoms El Mergeb c/ Société Dalico ; Paris, 1re ch., 24 févr. 1994 (inédit), Ministère Tunisien de l'Equipement c/ Société Bec Frères)

Mode anormal de paiement. Délégation de créance. Commerce des viandes, Mode de paiement communément admis (non)

1994

International audience; (Com. 30 nov. 1993, SARL Aveline viande c/ Peres, ès qual.)

Déclaration des créances. Déclaration effectuée par un préposé pour le compte d'une personne morale, Nature juridique, Demande en justice (oui). Pouv…

1994

International audience; (Com. 14 déc. 1993, Mme Poincheval, ès qual. et Cie européenne de crédit aux entreprises c/ Société européenne de location de véhicules et de matériels industriels et autre ; Com. 14 déc. 1993, Société financière pour le crédit-bail c/ Société européenne de location de véhicules et de matériels industriels et autres, Rev. sociétés 1994, p. 100, note Y. Chartier)

Mode anormal de paiement. Dation en paiement, Restitution de marchandises non payées par une convention de résolution amiable (oui), Restitutions de …

1994

International audience; (Com. 16 févr. 1993, SA Cockerill Sambre c/ Nurdin, ès qual. ; Paris 7 janv. 1992, Soc. ADE c/ Gery, ès qual. et autre ; Com. 30 nov. 1993, SARL Carburants combustibles services c/ Goupil et Brunet-Beaumel, ès qual. et autre)

A novel kind of neutrino oscillation experiment

1994

A novel method to look for neutrino oscillations is proposed based on the elastic scattering process $\bar{\nu}_{i} e^{-}\rightarrow \bar{\nu}_{i} e^{-}$, taking advantage of the dynamical zero present in the differential cross section for $\bar{\nu}_{e} e^{-}\rightarrow \bar{\nu}_{e} e^{-}$. An effective tunable experiment between the "appearance" and "disappearance" limits is made possible. Prospects to exclude the allowed region for atmospheric neutrino oscillations are given.

Rheological behavior and thermal stability of poly(phenylene sulfide)/vectra-B950 blends

1994

Blends of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) with a commercial, wholly aromatic, liquid crystalline polymer (LCP), Vectra-B950, have been prepared by melt-blending. Their rheological behavior has been studied in order to determine if the LCP displays a processing aid ability, and under what conditions it gives rise to potentially reinforcing fibrils dispersed in the PPS matrix. The problem of the thermal stability of PPS/LCP blends, which has been considered by some authors as the main obstacle to the production of usable materials due to the evolution of gaseous substances during processing, has been discussed. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

A single mutation in the recombinant light chain of tetanus toxin abolishes its proteolytic activity and removes the toxicity seen after reconstituti…

1994

Specific proteolysis by the tetanus toxin light chain of a vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP) involved in exocytosis is thought to underlie its intracellular blockade of neurotransmitter release. To substantiate this mechanism, recombinant light chain was expressed as a maltose binding protein-light chain fusion product in Escherichia coli. After purification of affinity chromatography and cleavage with factor Xa, the resultant light chain was isolated and its identity confirmed by Western blotting and N-terminal sequencing. It exhibited activity similar to that of the native light chain in proteolyzing its target in isolated bovine small synaptic vesicles and in hydrolyzing a 62-re…