Nucleophilic substitutions on bromotriazolopyridines - an improved route to 2,6-disubstituted pyridines and to 1,3-disubstituted isoquinolines

1986

Abstract A regiospecific synthesis of 2,6-disubstituted pyridines and of 1,3-disubstituted isoquinolines is described.

Profesionalización y ejercicio de la medicina medieval

1986

Se justifica, ademas, la investigacion emprendida sobre un ambito tan especifico, Historia de la Medicina (sanidad), como un afan de conectar con el grupo, bastante numeroso hoy en dia, de estudiosos extranjeros que han dedicado un importante espacio de sus investigaciones a esta rama de la Historia (Historia Social), y como un intento de conocer el significado real de la incidencia social —fuerzas de produccion— del binomio enfermedad/sociedad, entendido mas como fenomeno socioeconomico que exclusivamente terapeutico:

Studies of the Phosphatization of Steel and its Corrosion Products

1986

The reaction of phosphoric acid with steel is a basic process in many technological procedures. A typical example is the pretreatment of steel surfaces for the application of coatings. The aim of the treatment is to clean the surface, to produce a homogeneousr tight, and smooth cover and to provide a reliable adhesion between the steel substrate and the coating. This example points out that the phase composition of the layer formed is of great interest, and that reactions with residues on the surface, such as oxides and corrosion products, have to be considered, too. The same holds for phosphate layers formed in order to modify the mechanical or corrosion behavior of steel surfaces. Because…

Subnuclear Degrees of Freedom in Photoabsorption and Scattering

1986

One of the main fields of interest in medium energy nuclear physics is the study of subnuclear or non-nucleonic degrees of freedom (d.o.f.) in nuclei, like meson and isobar or quark-gluon degrees of freedom. It bridges the gap between classical or low energy nuclear physics as understood in terms of nucleon-only degrees of freedom and elementary particle or high energy physics. Hereby one may distinguish roughly two major objectives.

ACCURATE MEASUREMENTS OF OPTIMUM NOISE PARAMETERS OF MICROWAVE TRANSISTORS

1986

A method for measuring losses of the tuner network used as noise source admittance transformer in transistor noise parameter test-set is presented. Since the method is based on noise figure measurements, tuner losses can be determined on-line while performing measurements for determining transistor noise parameters. As experimental verifications the optimum noise parameters of a GaAs FET in the 4 - 12 GHz frequency range, measured through a computer-assisted measuring system, are reported.

Role of SH-Groups and S-S Bridges in the Main Subunit (1/12 Molecule) of Spirographis Spallanzanii Chlorocruorin

1986

In all species of annelids described, the extracellular hemoglobins show (by electron microscopy) the same quaternary structure constituted by twelve identical subunits. The fine structure of the 1/12 subunit is not well resolved and several models have been proposed for it (2).

FE-Modelling of Continuous Casting Problem

1986

A mathematical model for simulating the heat transfer during solidification in continuous casting of steel is presented. The heat transfer coefficients along and across the strand are optimized. The evolution and location of thermal stresses are computed. Numerical examples are included.

Estudio voltamperométrico del complejo cobre-biguanida : aplicación a la determinación de cobre

1986

Le patrimoine linguistique de l’Europe face aux industries de la langue

1986

HAPEX-MOBILHY : a hydrologic atmospheric experiment for the study of water budget and evaporation flux at the climatic scale

1986

International audience

Present Knowledge of the Lepton Mixing Matrix from Neutrino Oscillation Experiments

1986

An analysis of experimental results in the framework of simultaneous oscillations of three neutrino flavours is used, in a combined fit, to constrain the elements of the 3 × 3 unitary lepton mixing matrix and to obtain limits on the three lepton mixing angles αeμ, αe τ and αμτ.

Tetrachlorodecaoxide Improves the Oxygenation Status of Multicellular Tumor Spheroids

1986

Insufficient O2 supply to solid tumors has been recognized since many years to be a crucial problem in cancer therapy. Hypoxia and anoxia may increase the resistance of tumor cells to certain antiproliferative drugs or to ionizing radiation. Numerous approaches to overcoming this problem have been reported in the literature. Efforts have been made in mainly two basic directions: (1) the development of therapeutic means which are particularly efficient in hypoxic and nutrient-deprived tissue areas or which are at least independent of the tissue oxygenation, and (2) the development of methods for improving the oxygenation status of solid tumors. Among the former approaches, the cytotoxicity o…

Estudio de la motilidad ano-rectal en sujetos sanos, pacientes con incontinencia anal y en pacientes con síndrome del intestino irritable

1986

“Deconstruction” in the Framework of Traditional Methodical Hermeneutics

1986

(1986). “Deconstruction” in the Framework of Traditional Methodical Hermeneutics. Journal of the British Society for Phenomenology: Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 275-288.

Profesors Ilmārs Skārds: personālais bibliogrāfiskais rādītājs

1986

Saturs: Priekšvārds. Bioloģijas zinātņu doktors profesors Ilmārs Skārds. Profesora I. Skārda publicētie darbi (1953. - 1986.). Profesora I. Skārda vadītā disertācija. Profesoram I.Skārdam izsniegtā (publicētā) autorapliecība. Raksti par profesoru I. Skārdu. Profesora I. Skārda publicēto darbu alfabētiskais rādītājs. Personu rādītājs.

Optical activation of a silicon vibrating sensor

1986

The operation of a micromachined silicon vibrating sensor with both optical excitation and optical interrogation is reported. The proper locations at which the optical excitation should be applied for optimum excitation of different modes of resonance are described.

Condiciones de trabajo en la agricultura naranjera (1914-1936)

1986

Corrección quirúrgica de una cifosis por lesión destructiva discovertebral en un paciente afecto de espondilitis anquilosante

1986

A case of ankylosing Spondylitis with Kyphosis by Spondylodiscitis is reported. The Kyphosis is progressive and the mobility on the vertex of the curve. The surgical treatment by anterior approach confirms the diagnosis and allows to perform the surgical correction of the deformity.

Characterization of ATPase from maize shoot plasma membrane prepared by partition in an aqueous polymer two phase system

1986

41 ref.; International audience

David Marr: A Theory for Cerebral Neocortex

1986

This paper is an important contribution to the understanding of the visual system, it contains a part of those ideas which have become the commonly accepted basis of current research. Although some of these principles already had a history in 1970, Marr clearly deserves the credit for their sharp formulation and for a series of attempts leading to a formalization of the problems. His way of dividing the approach into the levels of computational theory, of the algorithm and of the implementation clarified the problems. His creed that human visual processing is modular, and that different types of information, which are encoded in the image can be decoded independently by modules, has been ge…

Synthese und H2-antagonistische Wirkung von 1,3,4-Thiadiazol-2,5-diaminen

1986

Die aktuelle Entwicklung von H2-Antihistaminika1) richtet sich verstarkt auf solche Verbindungen, die anstelle offenkettiger polarer Gruppierungen (Cyanoguanidin, Nitroethendiamin) Heteroarylendiamin-Systeme in der Seitenkette enthalten, wie Triazoldiamine oder das 1,2,5-Thiadiazol3,4-diamin2). Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es daher, das mit letzterem isomere 1,3,4-Thiadiazol-2,5-diamin mit Strukturelementen Bewahrter H2-Blocker zu kombinieren.

Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like immunoreactivity in peripheral and central nerve fibres of the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) with special respect t…

1986

Inforimation on the ambient lighting conditions is conveyed from the retina to the pineal organ by a neuronal pathway involving the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) which acts as a circadian pacemaker. In the hamster, circadian rhythms have been shown to be influenced by injection of neuropeptide Y (NPY) into the SCN. Since NPY-immunoreactive nerve fibres are present in the rat and guinea-pig pineal glands it appeared of interest to investigate the hamster pineal as part of the circadian rhythm generating/regulating system. For comparison kidney, small intestine and cerebral cortex were studied. Like in the other rodent species so far investigated only a few of the abundant sympathetic nerve f…

Una clau criptogràfica d'Alfons el Magnànim per a la guerra amb Castella (1429)

1986

A finales de la Edad Media se generaliza el uso de la criptografía en las diferentes cancillerías europeas, al mismo tiempo que se multiplican los métodos utilizados como base para las escrituras cifradas.

Digital Acquisition and Processing of Video Angiocardiograms

1986

Angiocardiographic diagnosis is still mainly based on the visual assessment of radiographic projection images recorded on photographic film. Considerable amounts of contrast material have to be selectively injected into the circulation in order to make the regions of diagnostic relevance visible in the superposition of the shadows of tissue and bone structures displayed in these transmission images. In addition, selective angiocardiography requires exact positioning of the catheter, a time-consuming procedure which is not without risk. The processing of the angiographie films obtained is difficult to maintain at a constant high quality level, and this introduces an disadvantageous delay bet…

Estudio de las fracturas proximales de radio : a propósito de 41 pacientes

1986

Estudiamos 41 pacientes con fractura proximal de radio valorando los siguientes parámetros etiológicos (edad .. sexo. mecanismo lesiona!) y anatomopatológicos (trazo de fractura. desplazamiento. etc.) e insistiendo en la problemática actual del tratamiento de este tipo de fracturas.

El señorío de la Vall de Perputxent (siglos XIII-XIV)

1986

Europa marea baja

1986

Estudio estructural y caracterización óptica y electrónica del sulfuro de bismuto

1986

Escritura: palabra e imagen (Reflexiones sobre la cultura escrita reproducida)

1986

Búsqueda de información en la memoria : efectos de tipo de presentación, estímulo, práctica y consistencia de respuesta sobre el tiempo de reacción

1986

La población y el poblamiento en la comarca de Requena-Utiel

1986

La comarca de Requena-Utiel, situada en el interior valenciano, ocupa tanto desde el punto de vista físico como demográfico, una zona de transición entre el superpoblado litoral valenciano y la semidespoblada región manchega. La misma comarca de Requena-Utiel siempre ha estado poco poblada y su poblamiento concentrado en la vega del río Magro que sirve de camino natural de comunicaciones entre la Meseta y el Mediterráneo. Tradicionalmente cerealística y ganadera, con un gran centro artesanal sedero en la capital comarcal, Requena, esta comarca se orientó hacia la viticultura en el siglo XIX y la misma colonización vitícola trajo consigo la dispersión de la población por su campiña y la prol…

Haemoperfusion: a useful therapy for a severely poisoned patient?

1986

Although it is many years since a haemodialysis and haemoperfusion over uncoated and later coated charcoal columns have been used for the treatment of intoxicated patients, the clinical efficacy of these extracorporeal techniques in the treatment of severely poisoned patients remains a matter of debate. Some of the reasons for this controversy may be the indiscriminate use of haemoperfusion in any form of intoxication, the lack of well-controlled studies and the wrong interpretation of the high haemoperfusion clearance values sometimes obtained. Simple pharmacokinetic principles are applied to this type of treatment and some practical guidelines as to how and when haemoperfusion should be …

L'entrée des jeunes dans la vie active en Bourgogne

1986

Stress-Strain Concept in Whole-Body Vibration

1986

The strain-stress concept defines stress. First of all, stress refers to vibration exposure (kind, intensity, and duration of vibration) and the additional stress factors that act upon man when exposed. Strain, on the other hand, means the effects of such stress, that is, the reaction (biodynamic, psychological, physiological, damaging) of the human being, taking into consideration the individual endogenous conditions (see Table 2).

Antenatal Ultrasound Diagnosis of Congenital Malformations of the Urinary Tract: Results and Criticism

1986

From October 1979 to June 1983 220 malformations were diagnosed antenatally at our hospital; 55 (25%) were malformations of the urinary tract, 21 of them hydronephroses and 34 of them dysplasias.

Anwendung elektrochemischer Analysenmethoden

1986

Elektroanalytische Methoden sind fur die Wasseranalyse besonders geeignet. In wenig belasteten Wassern (See-, Regen-, Trink-, Grund- und einigen Flus- und Bachwassern) konnen sie haufig unmittelbar bzw. nach einfacher Probenvorbereitung angewandt werden. In starker belasteten Wassern sind ionensensitive Elektroden gelegentlich noch direkt, polarographische und voltammetrische Verfahren nach Aufschlus der Probe einsetzbar. Im Vordergrund der elektroanalytischen Bestimmung stehen die Elemente, deren Grenzkonzentrationen bzw. Einleitungsgrenzen durch die Trinkwasserverordnung (TWVO) bzw. durch das Abwasserabgabegesetz vorgegeben sind. Auf die Bestimmung dieser Elemente und Ionen wird daher bes…