showing 36 of ~574560 from 574555 documents
A propos des politiques de développement dans le Nordeste au Brésil
1985
International audience
Etude des parametres chimiques impliques dans la pollinisation du tournesol par les abeilles en production de semences hybrides
1985
International audience
PENTAZOCINE HAMPERS BILE FLOW
1985
false
1985
Etude des phases isotrope, nematique et smectique de melanges de polymeres protones et en partie deuteries
Picosecond absorption spectroscopy: Methods and applications in photophysical and photochemical systems
1985
The logic of pressure groups and federalism
1985
Constructing a complete model of the relations between politicians, bureaucrats, interest groups, and voters is not an easy task. Consequently most economic models of government have to do away with some of these relations. One way to simplify matters is the so-called group theory of politics (or "pluralism”) which assumes that the influence of interest groups dominates policy-making. In political sciencel, where this line of thinking has been important for a long time, the theory is not very striking, since it isnot always clear that an interest group is anything more than a number of individuals, or firms, who share a common concern, Lg. an interest category. Thus, the theory can be made …
Psychologie der Lutschgewohnheiten
1985
In der vorliegenden Studie wird versucht, das Phanomen der Lutschgewohnheiten mit Hilfe verschiedener Theorien zu deuten. Dabei wird unterschieden zwischen den Fragen “warum Kinder lutschen” und “warum manche Kinder intensiver und langer lutschen als andere”. Dabei zeigt es sich, das der psychologischen Lerntheorie, in Verbindung mit den neurophysiologischen Voraussetzungen und der Motivationstheorie ein besonders hoher Erklarungswert zukommt. Im Hinblick auf Versuche des Abgewohnens werden die theoretischen Moglichkeiten diskutiert und Empfehlungen fur das therapeutische Vorgehen gegeben.
Reply to the discussion by E. Soman
1985
Implications of Theories of Language for Information Systems
1985
This article demonstrates how language views can be adopted into an information systems context. We distinguish here between five language views: denotational, generative, cognitive, behavioristic, and interactionist. These views differ in their assumptions about he origin of linguistic behavior, the primary functions of language, elements of language, and the nature of linguistic knowledge. Information system development approaches can be characterized by their underlying language views. This explains great differences in development methods and research. Thus, language views have implications and should be chosen continency for a given information system context.
An Ising ferromagnet with an antiferromagnetic surface layer: A simple model for magnetic surface reconstruction
1985
Simple cubic Ising lattices are studied by Monte Carlo simulation, using a thin film geometry (usually 40 atomic layers thick), with nearest neighbour ferromagnetic exchange J in the bulk and nearest neighbour antiferromagnetic interaction Js between surface spins. Applying a technique of preferential sampling in the surface layers, we investigate the ordering for a variety of values of JsJ and for various temperatures. For JsAF < Js < − 0.25J (where JsAF ≈ − 2.01J) ferromagnetic ordering occurs at a higher temperature than the antiferromagnetic surface ordering, while for − 0.25J < Js no antiferromagnetic long range order is possible. For Js < JsAF the surface transition occurs at a higher…
Laser spectroscopy and β-decay asymmetry from on-line implanted nuclei
1985
The method of collinear laser spectroscopy is combined with s-radiation detected optical pumping by implanting the optically oriented atoms into a cubic crystal.
Peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites on striated muscles of the rat: Properties and effect of denervation
1985
In order to test the hypothesis that peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites mediate some direct effects of benzodiazepines on striated muscles, the properties of specific 3H-Ro 5-4864 binding to rat biceps and rat diaphragm homogenates were investigated. In both tissues a single population of sites was found with a KD value of 3 nmol/l. The density of these sites in both muscles was higher than the density in rat brain, but was considerably lower than in rat kidney. Competition experiments indicate a substrate specificity of specific 3H-Ro 5-4864 binding similar to the properties already demonstrated for the specific binding of this ligand to peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites in many…
Constant stretching rate experiments on low density polyethylene
1985
A simple apparatus for elongational test of molten polymers is presented. Its realiability is demonstrated by means of stress growth in constant stretching rate experiments and relaxation test on a low density polyethylene sample.
Redistribution of glucose uptake by chronic exercise, measured in isolated perfused rat hearts.
1985
The effects of 8-9 weeks of running and swimming training on the transmural distribution of cardiac glucose uptake and protein synthesis in isolated perfused heart were studied in male rats. The left ventricular glucose uptake in hearts from sedentary rats was 2.5 +/- 0.3 mumoles/min per g protein (mean +/- S.D.), and about 30% higher in the subendocardial layer than in the subepicardial layer (P less than 0.01). After the running and swimming programs the total left ventricular glucose uptake was at the level of sedentary rats, but the gradient was absent. The rate of protein synthesis was evenly distributed through the left ventricular wall and similar in all experimental groups. The alte…
Cis-diaminedichloro platinum ototoxicity. An experimental study.
1985
Four groups of guinea pigs received different doses of cis-platinum. SEM and TEM showed a direct relation between the dose and the damage. The first row of OHC is the first one to be damaged. The IHC are more resistant than the OHC. The pattern of destruction is similar to the one produced by the aminoglucoside antibiotics.
A theoretical study of the wet removal of atmospheric pollutants. Part I: the redistribution of aerosol particles captured through nucleation and imp…
1985
Abstract A theoretical model is formulated which allows the processes that control the wet deposition of atmospheric pollutants to be included in cloud dynamic models. The model considers the condensation process and the collision-coalescence process which, coupled together, control the fate of atmospheric aerosol particles removed by clouds and precipitation through nucleation scavenging and impaction scavenging. The model was tested by substituting a simple parcel model for the dynamic framework. In this form the model was used to determine the time evolution of the aerosol particle mass scavenged by drops as well as the aerosol particle mass left unactivated in air as “drop-interstitial”…
Critical properties and finite-size effects of the five-dimensional Ising model
1985
Monte Carlo calculations of the thermodynamic properties (energy, specific heat, magnetization suceptibility, renormalized coupling) of the nearest-neighbour Ising ferromagnet on a five-dimensional hypercubic lattice are presented and analyzed. Lattices of linear dimensionsL=3, 4, 5, 6, 7 with periodic boundary conditions are studied, and a finite size scaling analysis is performed, further confirming the recent suggestion thatL does not scale with the correlation length ξ (the temperature variation of which near the critical temperatureT c is ξ∝|1-T/T c |−1/2), but rather with a “thermodynamic length”l (withl∝|1-T/T c |−2/d ,d=5 here). The susceptibility (extrapolated to the thermodynamic …
The clinical spectrum of alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency.
1985
We present five patients with alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency who do not have the typical Hurler or Scheie phenotypes; they are compared to 28 similarly atypical cases from the literature. Phenotypic differences are pointed out and intrafamilial similarities stressed. Among the various possible explanations for this situation, the existence of genetic compounds seems acceptable for some of the cases, but others seem to be caused by different mutations. The elucidation of these alternative possibilities from recent biochemical research is discussed.
Mechanism underlying the inhibitory sidebands in the receptive field of simple striate cells of the cat: pure on/off antagonism only or true inhibiti…
1985
The intrinsic organization of the receptive fields of simple striate cells revealed by moving stimuli is much more complex than could have been suspected from the use of stationary ones. There is, in fact, a small excitatory region centrally located in these receptive fields and an inhibitory region encompassing the whole excitatory component. These inhibitory regions or “inhibitory sidebands”, were identified by stimulating the cells with bars of light against anartificial background discharge produced by repeated asynchronous stimulation of the excitatory component of the cell's receptive field. For a long time' these inhibitory sidebands have been accounted for on the basis of the recept…
Effect of pinealectomy and circadian rhythm on avoidance behavior in the male rat.
1985
Male adult albino rats were divided into six groups: two pinealectomized (Px); two sham-operated (Sh) and two serving as controls (C). Half of these groups were studied in daylight and the other half at night. The animals were open-field tested and then conditioned by the avoidance behavior test in the appropriate light period. No differences were observed among the groups when they were conditioned in the dark; however, the Px were conditioned significantly more rapidly than Sh or C in daylight. Intragroup comparisons between night/day conditioning showed them to be similar in Px but more rapid at night in both Sh and C. The Sh group is unique and not comparable to controls.
Ancora sulla scelta degli investimenti
1985
Il caso in cui il criterio del tasso di rendimento interno per la scelta tra investimenti cade in difetto ha dato l'avvio ad una vasta letteratura, [1], [3], [4], [6], [8], [9], ed a proposte di nuosi effettua una generalizzazione della valutazione di un progetto di investimento con il metodo dei saldi; si estende tale generalizzazione anche al caso continuo e a quello aleatorio; sotto particolari condizioni dei tassi si studia il saldo del progetto come una particolare classe di polinomi; viene infine proposto un nuovo criterio di scelta.
The telescope dilators
1985
The telescope dilation set has been developed to allow for one-step percutaneous intrarenal instrumentation. As it is used for dilation as well as introduction of nephroscopes and nephrostomy tubes, it has become a central part of percutaneous procedures. A precise puncture technique has been developed to guarantee safe and effective use of the telescope dilators. Application in more than 300 cases involved minimal morbidity.
Nuclear spins, moments, and changes of the mean square charge radii of sup.(140-153)Eu
1985
The hyperfine structures and isotope shifts of 14 isotopes of Eu (Z=63) in the mass range 140≦A≦153, partly with isomeric states, have been measured in the atomic transitions at 4,594 A and 4,627 A, using the technique of collinear fast-beam laser spectroscopy at the ISOLDE facility at CERN. The nuclear spins, the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments, and the changes in the mean square charge radii have been evaluated. These nuclear parameters clearly reflect the effects of theN=82 neutron-shell closure in the single-proton hole states with respect to the semi-magic gadolinium (Z=64), and theN=88−90 shape transition.
NP-completeness of the hamming salesman problem
1985
It is shown that the traveling salesman problem, where cities are bit strings with Hamming distances, is NP-complete.
Stratégies et trajectoires des jeunes sans diplôme: Éléments d'évaluation du dispositif de formation et d'insertion des jeunes de 16 à 18 ans en Bour…
1985
International audience; Étude des stratégies et des trajectoires des jeunes sortis sans diplôme du système scolaire et évaluation de l'impact du passage par le "dispositif 16-18" sur ces trajectoires. Enquêtes par interviews auprès de jeunes urbains et ruraux, un sous-groupe de jeunes étant passé par le dispositif, l'autre n'y étant pas passé, de façon à pouvoir comparer les trajectoires.
Chemoselektive mono- und disilyletherbildung aus tertiären und sekundären silanen
1985
Abstract Tertiary and secondary silanes are O-selective. With alcohols the corresponding silyl ethers are formed. Cesium fluoride/imidazole (CsF/Im) is a better activating system than CsF alone. Primary OH groups are silylated remarkably faster under CsF/Im activation than secondary OH groups. Tertiary alcohols do not react. Primary OH groups are selectively protected also in the presence of secondary OH groups by silanes with bulky ligands such as triisopropylsilane ((i-Pr) 3 SiH ( 4 )). Ketones are neither reduced to silyl ethers nor transformed to silylenol ethers under the conditions employed. Secondary silanes form monosilyl ethers by amine activation; with CsF the formation of disilyl…
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL): alternatives and adjuvant procedures
1985
Within a short time, extensive statistics on ESWL have documented its efficiency in the treatment of most renal and ureteral stones. Approximately 20% of all stone patients, however, require additional or other forms of therapy, such as URS, PNL, or surgery. Up to now, the differential indications for these procedures have not been completely established. A crucial factor for successful application of ESWL is stone volume and localization. Large stones with a central stone mass may be successfully treated by combining ESWL and PNL, while surgery is still preferred in those with a peripheral stone mass.
Excited states in neutron deficient even-even thorium isotopes (218?A?222)
1985
The nuclei218, 220, 222Th were investigated by conversion electron andγ-ray spectroscopy after compound nucleus reactions of14N with209Bi and16, 18O with208Pb. The intenseγ-background from fission was suppressed by spectroscopy of conversion electrons andγ-rays in coincidence with the evaporation residues or theirα-decay. Level schemes were determined for218Th up toIπ=10+ and for220Th and222Th up toIπ=15−. The observed structure of218Th may be explained in the spherical shell model with residual interaction by two neutron excitation. ForN≧130 completely different level schemes are observed showing very intense, collective electric dipole transitions (B(E1)−10−2 W.u.) with energies of typica…
Diskriminanzanalyse zur Geschlechtsbestimmung an Unterkieferknochen
1985
Einhundertsiebenundneunzig Unterkiefer (109 mannlich, 88 weiblich) der Altersgruppe 20–80 Jahre aus dem Rhein-Main-Neckargebiet wurden durch je 17 Mesparameter charakterisiert.
Antiinflammatory treatment and intestinal alpha 1-antitrypsin clearance in active Crohn's disease.
1985
Intestinal alpha 1-antitrypsin clearance was quantified in 17 patients with clinically active Crohn's disease before and after a six-week period of treatment with sulfasalazine and methylprednisolone. Before the study, alpha 1-antitrypsin clearance and, hence, enteric protein loss was elevated as being above control values in 16 patients. After therapy, clearance values decreased in 11 and were normalized in five patients. Serum albumin level was normalized in 11 of 12 patients who had hypoalbuminemia before the study. Clinical condition was improved in all but 1 patient after treatment. There was no close correlation between alpha 1-antitrypsin clearance and disease activity index. These r…
Analisis de heuristicos para el problema del cartero rural
1985
En este articulo se estudia el comportamiento en el peor de los casos de dos algoritmos heuristicos propuestos para el Problema del Cartero Rural definido sobre un grafo no dirigido (RPP) y sobre un grafo dirigido (DRPP). En ambos problemas se determina el radio del peor caso de los heuristicos estudiados, que para el RPP es 3/2, mientras que para el DRPP no esta acotado. Para conseguir cotas que sean mas significativas, se ha determinado tambien este radio en funcion de ciertos parametros que se pueden calcular a partir de los datos particulares de cada ejemplo, lo que ha permitido obtener una cota finita para el comportamiento en el peor caso del algoritmo heuristico para el DRPP.
Decay of the heaviest isotope of neodymium:154Nd
1985
The neutron-rich isotope154Nd has been separated from235U fission products with the HELIum-jet On-line mass Separator HELIOS and investigated by γ-singles, γγ- and γX-coincidence measurements. The Z- and A-assignment have been confirmed by the observation of promethium KX-rays and by the genetic relationship to the daughter product 1.7-min154Pm. A half-life of 26±2 s has been obtained for154Nd, and a partial decay scheme is proposed. A 40 s activity previously assigned to154Nd could not be confirmed.
Quelle éducation pour les ruraux des pays en voie de développement ?
1985
International audience; De nombreux pays en voie de développement s'interrogent sur leur politique d'éducation vis-à-vis des ruraux, et l'on observe, depuis quelques années, la mise en place de réformes dont les effets risquent d'être plus dommageables que ceux des systèmes que l'on prétend ainsi corriger. le problème tourne autour de la question centrale du degré de spécificité que doit avoir l'école rurale pour répondre aux besoins du développement en général, et de développement agricole en particulier. Or, les évolutions en cours tendent à rechercher plus de spécificité, et l'auteur se propose de montrer que cette voie est dangereuse et a peu de chances de produire les effets positifs e…
Fluoreszierende silane als OH-selektive schutzgruppen
1985
Abstract Fluorescent tertiary silanes are synthesized which, under cesium fluoride/ imidazole activation, discriminate between primary and secondary OH groups. Serine n-butylamide reacts with [5-dimethylamino(1-naphthyl)]dimethylsilane ( 1 ) and diisopropyl[5-dimethylamino(1-naphthyl)]silane ( 2 ) to form the silyl ethers (−)- l -3-[5-dimethylamino(1-naphthyl)]-dimethylsilyloxy]serine n-butylamid ( 14 ) and (−)- l -3-[diisopropyl[5-dimethylamino(1-naphthyl)]silyloxy]serine n-butylamid ( 15 ) exclusively. The silyl ethers are cleaved on treatment with H 2 F 2 , forming the corresponding fluorescent silyl fluorides. Absorption and fluorescence data as well as stability data for the hydrolysis…
Nuclear ground state properties: Recent results and prospects at isolde
1985
The application of lasers to nuclear physics is an extremely lively and Interesting area of research in physics. In the few years that have passed since its development, a large number of beautiful experiments have been performed. Most of the experiments have been performed at ISOLDE. For the next years, optical spectroscopy will continue to play a key role for a determination of spins, moments and charge radll of nuclear ground or isomeric states.