Interactions in water-alcohol mixtures: Conductance of lithium picrate in solutions of water and isomeric pentanols at 25�C

1982

Conductance measurements of lithium picrate in solutions of water in n-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-pentanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol have been carried out at 25°C. Ionic association and conductance were found to change with water content and with the molecular structure of the alcohols (i.e. position of the OH group and degree of branching of the alkyl chain). These results indicate that both conductance and ion pair formation are not the consequence of the simple motion of ions in the electrical field as required by the continuum model. A more realistic approach, involving the internal structure of the solvent mixtures, has been considered.

T-T cell interactions during cytotoxic T cell responses. IV. Murine lymphoid dendritic cells are powerful stimulators for helper T lymphocytes.

1982

Enriched populations of Ia+ Fc receptor-negative dendritic cells were compared to other cell types for their stimulatory activity in primary mixed lymphocyte reactions to alloantigens and 2,4,6,-trinitrophenylated syngeneic cells. Dendritic cells were 20-100 times more effective than unfractionated splenocytes. A second cell type exhibiting strong stimulatory activity was an Ia+ Fc receptor-positive transiently adherent cell. Both types of stimulatory cells were only effective when able to produce the monokine interleukin 1. Thus glutaraldehyde-fixed cells were not stimulatory unless extraneous interleukin 1 was added. Stimulation of helper cells by either dendritic cells or Ia+ Fc receptor…

Etude d'une microflore levurienne champenoise

1982

<p style="text-align: justify;">Pendant quatre années consécutives, on a suivi en Champagne, l'évolution de la microflore levurienne depuis la baie de raisin jusqu'au vin clair. Les résultats montrent une influence sensible sur la microflore, d'une part de certains traitements phytosanitaires et d'autre part des opérations liées à la vendange et au traitement des moûts. Grâce à un milieu de culture électif spécial, les auteurs ont amélioré la séparation des colonies de <em>S. cerevisiae</em> et de <em>S. bayanus</em>.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">+++</p><p style="text-align: justify;">For four consecutive years the evolution of yea…

Similar level of metabolic activation of benzo(a)pyrene in perfused rat lung and liver and protection of lung by liver in a combined perfusion system

1982

Abstract Irreversible binding of metabolically activated benzo(a)pyrene to DNA, RNA and protein proceeds by a different time course in perfused liver and lung of 5,6-benzoflavone-treated rats. Peak binding in liver is obtained after 15 min while binding in lung continuously increases over 120 min. Total irreversible binding per mg DNA or RNA is in the same order of magnitude in both organs. While binding in lung is lower at 15 min it exceeds binding in liver at 120 min. Binding per mg protein is higher in lung than in liver over the whole perfusion period. Introduction of a liver into the lung perfusion circuit decreases binding in lung. This protection effect is more pronounced when the li…

Actinide Production in Collisions ofU238withCm248

1982

Cross sections for the production of heavy actinides in damped collisions of $^{238}\mathrm{U}$ ions with $^{248}\mathrm{Cm}$ targets are reported and compared with similar data for other projectiles. The relatively small differences in the formation rates of a given isotope made by different projectiles indicate a balance between increased mass transfer probability with increasing projectile mass and a concurrent decrease in survivability because of an increase in excitation energy.

Die kristallstruktur von cycloalkanen

1982

An X-ray structure analysis was performed on single crystals of the cycloalkane (CH2)36. The lattice belongs to the space group Aa and is arranged in layers. The unit cell has the dimensions α = 1,033 nm, b = 0,824 nm, c = 4,22 nm, β = 107, 1° and contains four molecules. The molecules consist of two stretched stems which are linked by sharp folds at each end. The folds have the conformation …t(g g t g g) t… lying parallel to the b-axis. Raman measurements suggest that the stems are slightly twisted. A comparison of the homologous series (CH2)n, n = 36, 48, 60, and 72 using X-ray powder methods showed that the (CH2)36-structure, including the fold conformation, is also representative for th…

false

1982

Exogenous makisterone A accelerates early embryonic development in the milkweed bugOncopeltus fasciatus

1982

Reproducing females ofOncopeltus fasciatus which were treated with exogenous makisterone A and 20-hydroxyecdysone laid eggs with considerably elevated ecdysteroid contents. The early embryonic development was markedly accelerated when the mother was treated with makisterone A, whereas 20-hydroxyecdysone had no influence.

Muo-production of neutrino pairs and the number of generations

1982

6 páginas, 3 figuras.

Higher education and employment markets in France

1982

International audience; The theory of human capital has been used to account for the link between educational investment and individual earnings. The authors argue that any investigation of the relationship betwee, these two elements must take into account the choice model used by the individual student as he enters higher education. His academic and social background influence his choice as do his estimate of the returns likely to come from investing in the study of particular disciplines and the extent to which he is prepared to risk failure, especially in highly competitive programmes of study with high rates of retun. Evidence from a study made in Dijon in 1974 is summarised and offers …

Particle octupole multiplet in147Gd

1982

Levels of the N=83 nucleus147Gd have been investigated by in-beam γ-ray and conversion-electron spectroscopy using the147Sm(3He,3n) and Sm(α,n) reactions. We have observed 16 new low-and medium-spin levels in147Gd. In addition to the previously known 13/2+ level we have located the 11/2+,9/2+, 7/2+, 3/2+ and (1/2)+ members of the vf7/2×3 septuplet.

Structural dissimilarities in different regions of the pineal gland of Pirbright white guinea-pigs.

1982

In the present study, the proximal, intermediate and distal parts of dumbbell-shaped pineal glands of Pirbright White guinea-pigs were investigated with respect to structural dissimilarities. The most conspicuous difference was that while in the proximal part the pinealocytes were arranged in a random fashion, the intermediate and distal regions, except a small ventral area in the latter, exhibited a prominent follicular arrangement of the pinealocytes. Concretions were restricted to the subcapsular region of the intermediate part, whereas cells with hyperchromatic nuclei increased in number in an anterior-posterior direction. In males, pinealocyte nuclear size did not differ significantly …

Die Vorteile von Xylit gegenüber Glucose als Energiedonator im Rahmen der frühen postoperativen parenteralen Nährstoffzufuhr

1982

24 stoffwechselgesunde Patienten, die sich einer Magenoperation unterziehen musten, wurden nach einer 5tagigen praoperativen Vorbereitungszeit 5 Tage lang postoperativ hypokalorisch total parenteral ernahrt. Kollektiv I, n=13; erhielt 0,11 g Xylit/kg KG · Std.; Kollektiv II, n=11; erhielt 0,11 g Glucose/kg KG · Std. Beide Kollektive erhielten 1,71 g L-kristalline Aminosauren/kg KG · die. Wahrend der gesamten postoperativen Phase konnten bei Kollektiv II signifikant hohere Glucose- und Insulinspiegel im Serum gemessen werden. Der postoperativ stark erhohte Insulinspiegel bei Kollektiv II fuhrte zu signifikant niedrigeren Werten an freien Fettsauren, Acetacetat, Β-Hydroxybutyrat- und verzweig…

Electromechanical behaviour of human muscles in vertical jumps

1982

The relationships of muscle structure to the potentiation of myoelectrical activity and to the use of prestretching in five lower limb muscles were studied in different vertical jumping conditions. The subjects for the study were six male students, divided according to the muscle fiber distribution in m. vastus lateralis into “fast” and “slow” groups. The subjects performed vertical jumps (1) from a static squatting position (SJ), (2) with a preliminary counter movement (CMJ) and (3) after dropping (DJ) from five different heights. Myoelectrical (EMG) activity was recorded from mm. gluteus maximus, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris and gastrocnemius in each jumping condition…

Interstitial washout and hydrolysis of acetylcholine in the perfused heart

1982

The efflux of acetylcholine, of radioactively labelled acetylcholine and choline, into the venous effluent of the perfused chicken heart was studied to determine the kinetics of both interstitial washout and hydrolysis of acetylcholine. Stimulation of both cervical vagus nerves (e.g., for 5 s at 40 Hz) caused a release of acetylcholine, which appeared partially unhydrolyzed in the venous effluent, and reduced force of contraction and heart rate. For comparison, labelled acetylcholine or choline was infused for 5 s into the heart and again the venous efflux of either substance was determined. It was found that the kinetics of efflux of acetylcholine or choline from the interstitial space wer…

Local classification of quotients of smooth manifolds by discontinuous groups

1982

A new equipment to measure time quantities

1982

Acoustic differences between populations of western and eastern Bonelli's Warblers (Phylloscopus bonelli, Sylviidae)

1982

Sonographic analyses of songs and calls of Bonelli's Warbler (Phylloscopus bonelli) show important structural differences between the geographically isolated western (P.b. bonelli) and eastern (P.b. orientalis) populations. Playback experiments in the field and some morphological differences suggest that these populations may be separating into 2 species.

PHOSPHORORGANISCHE VERBINDUNGEN 991VERSUCHE ZUR AUFKLÄRUNG DER O-SELEKTIVITÄT VON VERBINDUNGEN MIT DER P(O)F-GRUPPE

1982

Abstract The mechanism of the reaction of phosphoryl fluoride ( P(O)F) with alcohols in the presence of an amine is fundamentally different from the reaction of phosphoryl chlorides ( P(O)Cl) with primary or secondary amines. The following observations strongly support this proposal: 1. 1H-NMR-, 31P-NMR- and 19F-NMR-spectroscopic investigations show that methyl-phenyl-phosphinicacid-fluoride and n-butylamine form a thermolabile adduct, which yields the methyl-phenyl-phosphinicacid-amide only very slowly. 2. The rate of the reaction of methyl-phenyl-phosphinicacid-fluoride with ethanol is independent of the basicity of the amine but very sensitive to steric factors. Imidazole (which is only …

Estimation of isometric strength: Intensity and holding time

1982

The in Vivo Effects of Interleukin 2 (TCGF)

1982

This brief review of our experiments concerning the in vivo activity of crude Il-2 led us to the following conclusion: The first is the existence, in vivo, of a cyclophosphamide-sensitive T-cell controlling the activity of a serum born Il-2 inhibitor in thymus-bearing normal mice. Under in vivo conditions which are characterized by high Il-2 inhibitor activities, locally applied Il-2 administered along with antigen amplified in vivo CTL-responsiveness, yet the effect observed was poor. Crude Il-2 proved to be a potent immuno-enhancing agent in the athymic (nu/nu) mouse, which lacks Il-2 inhibitor activity. It was found that together with antigen administration of Il-2 to nude mice results i…

Surface characterization of functional poly(diacetylene) and poly(butadiene) mono- and multilayers

1982

The surface properties of Langmuir-Blodgett mono- and multilayers of a variety of amphiphilic poly(diacetylene)s and poly(butadiene)s were investigated by contact angle, streaming potentialζ, ellipsometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) measurements. Captive air and octane angles varied between approximately 60° and 105° for hydrophobicx-layers and 31° to 46° for hydrophilic surfaces depending on the particular head group, whereas advancing angles determined via the vertical plate method are considerably higher. Negative streaming potentials were obtained for all surfaces. Positively charged monolayers yielded less negativeζ- potential values (−28 mV) than negatively charged (−…

Quantization as a consequence of the group law

1982

A method of gemetric quantization which solely makes use of the structure of the symmetry group of the dynamical system is proposed; the classical limit is discussed along similar lines. The method is applied to two examples, the free particle and the harmonic oscillator.

Possible mechanism of pontine influence on output of medullary respiratory center in the rabbit

1982

Signal-to-Noise Ratio in Bandpass Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum Modulation Systems

1982

The effects of a linear transmission channel on the performance of a correlator receiver for a direct-sequence spreadspectrum system are analyzed and a complete treatment of the influence of a periodic spreading code is carried out. The output data signal is obtained as a function of the channel characteristic and the code sequence employed; this allows maximizing the output signal level and evaluation of the influence of the synchronization error of the local code. The asymptotic value of the correlation loss has also been derived together with the intersymbol inteference power. The general expression of a figure of merit of the effectiveness of the system is also obtained in simple terms …

Neutron scattering study of melting ofHe3surface layers

1982

The melting of the incommensurate phase of $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ submonolayers adsorbed on Grafoil was investigated by elastic neutron scattering. The temperature dependence of the nearest-neighbor distance, the coherence length, and the peak intensity of the structure factor can be explained by a simple model assuming a melting transition which is driven by thermally created lattice defects.

Dielectric properties of a filled epoxy resin: Effect of thermal treatments

1982

Dielectric measurements have been performed at several frequencies on samples of a cycloaliphatic epoxy resin filled with aluminum hydroxide. The samples were thermally treated at three different temperatures for times up to 2,000 hours. At low aging temperatures and times an improvement of the characteristics is observed due perhaps to an assessment of the bulk of the polymer and more precisely to a change in the free volume. At high temperatures and times a thermo-oxidation involving layers deeper and deeper becomes the predominant mechanism responsible of the decrease in the properties with respect to the virgin material.

3He electron scattering sum rules

1982

Electron scattering sum rules for3He are derived with a realistic ground-state wave function. The theoretical results are compared with the experimentally measured integrated cross sections.

Langer-Giedion syndrome with interstitial 8q-deletion.

1982

We describe a 12-year-old girl with Langer-Giedion syndrome (tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome type II) who also had vertebral malformations. Chromosome analysis identified an interstitial del(8q): 46,XX,del(8)(pter leads to q22::q234 leads to qter) as a cause of this syndrome.

Trainability of underwater breath-holding-time

1982

From diving practice we know that breath-holding time (BHT) can be increased by training. This examination was set up to illuminate whether BHT underwater can be trained decisively in a short period of time. The authors investigated whether physiologic or psychological aspects are the main constituents of the above-mentioned BHT phenomenon. BHT and the "onset point" of involuntary respiratory movements of 64 subjects were registered after deep inspiration and immersion in ca. 1 m. Two different tests were set up: (I) 2 breath-holds per day on 5 consecutive days, (II) 5 repeated breath-holds with pauses of 3 min in between. BHT of the first test was shorter underwater than in similar experim…

Der 1,3‐Dithian‐2‐ylmethoxycarbonyl‐(Dmoc)‐Rest als Zweistufen‐Schutzgruppe für die Aminofunktion von Aminosäuren und Peptiden

1982

Der 1,3-Dithian-2-ylmethoxycarbonyl-(Dmoc)-Rest (4) als Schutzgruppe fur die Aminofunktion ist gegen Basen und gegen Trifluoressigsaure stabil. Peptidsynthesen mit Dmoc-Aminosauren werden nach dem Mischanhydrid- und nach dem modifizierten Carbodiimid-Verfahren durchgefuhrt. Zur Abspaltung der Dmoc-Schutzgruppe wird diese mit Peressigsaure am Schwefel oxidiert (z. B. zu 13, 14). Die dabei gebildete CH-acide Form kann unter milden basischen Bedingungen von der blockierten Aminofunktion abgelost werden. The 1,3-Dithian-2-ylmethoxycarbonyl (Dmoc) Group as Two-Step Amino Protective Function in Peptide Chemistry The 1,3-dithian-2-ylmethoxycarbonyl (Dmoc) group (4) as amino protective function is …

Evidence for excited 0+ states in94Sr

1982

Beta-delayed neutron measurements on95Rb have indicated evidence for two heretofore unknown excited O+ states in94Sr which are not fed by s -decay from the Jπ = 3− ground state of94Rb.

A test of the feasibility of γp-coincidence techniques in conjunction with the (t, pγ) reaction

1982

Abstract A setup has been tested for γp coincidence measurements in conjunction with the (t, pγ) reaction. The γ-rays were detected by a Ge(Li) detector and protons with an annular Si(Au) detector placed at forward angles, elastically scattered tritons being removed with an absorber.

Primary pulmonary sarcomas: Etiology, clinical assessment and prognosis with a comparison to pulmonary carcinomas —A review of 41 cases and 394 other…

1982

Primary sarcomas of the lungs occur at frequencies of 1:100, as compared with carcinomas reported in our retrospective studies covering 394 cases reported in the literature from 1957 to 1972 and 41 cases from 1957 to 1974. The average age was 45 years, the disease usually occurred between the ages of 35 and 65, the peak being between 45 and 60 years. Distribution between sexes was much the same as that seen in general. X-ray with rapid thoracotomy provided the best clinical results. The literature showed a postoperative survival time of 5 years in 19% and 44% of our own cases. The general metastasis, haematologenous and lymphogenous were more or less equal and recidive tendency in 7% essent…

A-stabile Kollokationsverfahren mit mehrfachen Knoten

1982

Die Kollokationsmethoden, die vom Autor in [3] untersucht werden, liefern Spline-Approximationen fur die Losungen von Anfangswertproblemen bei gewohnlichen Differentialgleichungen. Einige allgemeine Resultate uber A-Stabilitat von Wanner, Hairer und Norsett [6] werden fur diese Methoden in dem Fall formuliert, wo sie mit gewissen impliziten Runge-Kutta-Methoden aquivalent sind. Hierbei wird die Abhangigkeit der A-Stabilitat von den Knoten und ihren Vielfachheiten offensichtlich.

Die Elimination von Hydroxyäthylstärke 200/0,5, Dextran 40 und Oxypolygelatine

1982

After withdrawal of 400 ml whole blood and subsequent infusion of 500 ml of a colloidal plasma substituent, the intravascular and renal colloid elimination was investigated in 40 test subjects. The individual colloidal solutions could no longer be demonstrated in the intravascular space after the following times: 10% hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 (anthrone method) after six weeks, 10% dextran 40 (anthrone method) after two weeks, 6% hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 (anthrone method) after four weeks and 5.5% oxypolygelatine (hydroxyproline method) after two days. Colloidal plasma substitutes are polydisperse solutions with various molecular weights and degree of hydroxyethylation and therefore, al…