showing 36 of ~574560 from 574555 documents
Contrasting Effects of Environmental Concentrations of Sulfonamides on Microbial Heterotrophic Activities in Freshwater Sediments
2021
The sulfonamide antibiotics sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and sulfamethazine (SMZ) are regularly detected in surface sediments of contaminated hydrosystems, with maximum concentrations that can reach tens of μg kg–1 in stream and river sediments. Little is known about the resulting effects on the exposed benthic organisms. Here we investigated the functional response of stream sediment microbial communities exposed for 4 weeks to two levels of environmentally relevant concentrations of SMX and SMZ, tested individually. To this end, we developed a laboratory channel experiment where natural stream sediments were immersed in water contaminated with nominal environmental concentrations of 500 and 5,0…
Fissurectomy and anoplasty in posterior normotensive chronic anal fissure.
2021
Purpose: Anal Fissure (AF) is the second most frequent proctological disease in Italy. Chronic AF (CAF) most common located at the posterior anal commissure (CAPF). CAPF are thought to be associated with hypertonic internal anal sphincter (IAS) but manometric findings showed that a normotonic IAS is present in the 20-40%. Sphincterotomy is often recommended as treatment of choice for CAF independently from IAS tone; nevertheless, this approach appears less logical for CAF with normotonic IAS, as in those cases there’s a higher risk of post-operative anal incontinence. The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of fissurectomy and anoplasty with V-Y cutaneous advancement flap, as treat…
A Sociocultural Approach to Children’s Visual Creations
2021
AbstractThis chapter locates the book within the research on children’s art. It explores interpretations of children’s visual creations throughout the twentieth century and situates the approach of the book within the research landscape. The authors take developmental psychological, educational, and aesthetic approaches to form a sociocultural view of children’s art, challenging many of the previous research assumptions. Through adopting the paradigm of the sociocultural approach, the authors embrace its view of children as competent cultural actors and active participants in cultural production. Thus, the discussion focuses on meaning-making: the authors analyze visual artifacts made by st…
L’esaltazione del valore educativo della storia in John Dewey e la sfida educativa dell’odierno presentismo
2021
Il contributo intende riflettere sul valore educativo della storia, una disciplina che, oggi più che mai, è percepita dalle nuove generazioni come priva di una finalità educativa e non meritevole di essere studiata con attenzione e interesse. Si metterà in risalto come questo diniego per il passato spinga i ragazzi e le ragazze del XXI secolo verso un’attrazione morbosa per il presente (presentismo), che li motiva a guardare con disincanto ciò che riguarda il tempo passato e quello futuro. Attraverso dei riferimenti alla pedagogia di John Dewey e ad alcuni suoi scritti come The School and Society e Democracy and Education, si metterà in risalto il valore educativo di una storia che, se stud…
Cultural Literacy During COVID-19
2021
AbstractAs implementation of the CLLP was challenged by the COVID-19 pandemic, the DIALLS project included in the program an additional lesson in which children reflected on its impact on their social environment. In this chapter, the authors analyze how the children’s artifacts express their understanding of the COVID-19 situation, including themes such as care and protection. The chapter focuses on how the students address empathy, tolerance, and inclusiveness under pandemic conditions. It starts by contextualizing the artifacts with international COVID-19 imagery and nationally similar or differing COVID-19 circumstances. Then, it analyzes the artifacts and their textual narratives.
Settling the challenges of a sustainable city through the dynamic representation of an urban agriculture system
2021
International audience
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over the Right Inferior Parietal Cortex Reduces Transposition Errors in a Syllabic Reordering Task
2021
Evidence derived from functional imaging and brain-lesion studies has shown a strong left lateralization for language, and a complementary right hemisphere dominance for visuospatial abilities. Nevertheless, the symmetrical functional division of the two hemispheres gives no reason for the complexity of the cognitive operations involved in carrying out a linguistic task. In fact, a growing number of neuroimaging and neurostimulation studies suggest a possible right hemisphere involvement in language processing. The objective of this work was to verify the contribution of the left and right parietal areas in a phonological task. We applied anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS…
Oxadiazolyl-Pyridinium as Cationic Scaffold for Fluorinated Ionic Liquid Crystals
2021
The synthesis and characterization of a new class of 1,2,4-oxadiazolylpyridinium as a cationic scaffold for fluorinated ionic liquid crystals is herein described. A series of 12 fluorinated heterocyclic salts based on a 1,2,4-oxadiazole moiety, connected through its C(5) or C(3) to an N-alkylpyridinium unit and a perfluoroheptyl chain, differing in the length of the alkyl chain and counterions, has been synthesized. As counterions iodide, bromide and bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide have been considered. The synthesis, structure, and liquid crystalline properties of these compounds are discussed on the basis of the tuned structural variables. The thermotropic properties of this series of sa…
Impella CP in cardiogenic shock due to acute myocardial infarction: From primary angioplasty to LIMA-LAD grafting.
2021
A network analysis of student mobility patterns from high school to master’s
2021
Human migration involves the movement of people from one place to another. An example of undirected migration is Italian student mobility where students move from the South to the Center-North. This kind of mobility has become of general interest, and this work explores student mobility from Sicily towards universities outside the island. The data used in this paper regards six cohorts of students, from 2008/09 to 2013/14. In particular, our goal is to study the 3-step migration path: the area of origin (Sicilian provinces), the regional university for the bachelor’s degree, and the regional university for the master’s. Our analysis is conducted by building a multipartite network with four …
Tolerance, Empathy, and Inclusion
2021
AbstractIn this chapter, the authors analyze the artifacts in which the students explore the key attitudes of cultural literacy within the CLLP: Tolerance, empathy, and inclusion. The chapter introduces each attitude with critical discussion of its meanings, connections, and relations to other key concepts of cultural literacy, such as diversity, equality, and democracy. The authors explore how the program addresses these attitudes and the cultural texts it includes. The analysis of the artifacts reveals the variety of ways in which children give meanings to tolerance, empathy, and inclusion, such as helping others. In this meaning-making process, the students draw from their own experience…
Belonging and Home
2021
AbstractIn this chapter, the authors discuss artifacts in which children explore belonging and home. The chapter defines the sense of belonging as a core feature of humanity and living together. The feeling of having a home and being at home is both an intimate and a socially shared aspect of belonging. The children expressed belonging to a wide range of spaces in their artifacts. This spatial span extends from macro to micro scale and indicates belonging based on spaces, social relations, and materiality. Even very young children can see and depict their belonging as multiple and including spatial and social dimensions. The analyzed artifacts reveal both concrete and symbolic approaches to…
West Nile virus in Spain: Forecasting the geographical distribution of risky areas with an ecological niche modelling approach.
2021
West Nile virus (WNV), a well-known emerging vector-borne arbovirus with a zoonotic life cycle, represents a threat to both public and animal health. Transmitted by ornithophilic mosquitoes, its transmission is difficult to predict and even more difficult to prevent. The massive and unprecedented number of human cases and equid outbreaks in Spain during 2020 interpellates for new approaches. For the first time, we present an integrate analysis from a niche perspective to provide an insight to the situation of West Nile disease (WND) in Spain. Our modelling approach benefits from the combined use of global occurrence records of outbreaks of WND in equids and of its two alleged main vectors i…
Level of Diffusion and Training of Lung Ultrasound during the COVID-19 Pandemic - A National Online Italian Survey (ITALUS) from the Lung Ultrasound …
2021
The goal of this survey was to describe the use and diffusion of lung ultrasound (LUS), the level of training received before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the clinical impact LUS has had on COVID-19 cases in intensive care units (ICU) from February 2020 to May 2020. The Italian Lung Ultrasound Survey (ITALUS) was a nationwide online survey proposed to Italian anesthesiologists and intensive care physicians carried out after the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. It consisted of 27 questions, both quantitative and qualitative. 807 responded to the survey. The median previous LUS experience was 3 years (IQR 1.0-6.0). 473 (60.9 %) reported having attended at least one training cour…
Road network characterization to understand city evolution
2021
International audience; Cities combine different kind of processes that drive their evolution. It is of a great interest to understand the effects of different kinds of spatial patterns on those processes, to be able to minimize space consumption and optimize mobility and transportation.In this research, we aim to contribute to the understanding of city evolution by a focus on the road network of the Eastern French city of Dijon’s. Firstly, we select three network indicators that can be used to characterize the city structure as it grows. We apply these indicators to Dijon’s historical road networks from 1650 until 2019. Finally, we discuss how we can use computational simulations of city g…
Multimodality: Art as a Meaning-Making Process
2021
AbstractThe authors of the book see multimodality as intrinsic to human communication and texts, and as consisting of a multiplicity of signs. This chapter discusses how this applies in educational settings, to examine how different modes of communication are intertwined and utilized in learning, including children’s creative learning practices. In this, the authors use the semiotic concepts that operate in all communicative contexts: Field, tenor, and mode. Through them, the authors view the CLLP as a space that enables social activities, exploration of cultural, social, and societal contents and topics, and the development of social relationships. All this occurs through various communica…
Composition of Human Breast Milk Microbiota and Its Role in Children's Health
2021
: Human milk contains a number of nutritional and bioactive molecules including microorganisms that constitute the so-called "Human Milk Microbiota (HMM)". Recent studies have shown that not only bacterial but also viral, fungal, and archaeal components are present in the HMM. Previous research has established, a "core" microbiome, consisting of Firmicutes (i.e., Streptococcus, Staphylococcus), Proteobacteria (i.e., Serratia, Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Sphingomonas, Bradyrhizobium), and Actinobacteria (i.e., Propionibacterium, Corynebacterium). This review aims to summarize the main characteristics of HMM and the role it plays in shaping a child's health. We reviewed the most recent literature…
Introduction: Cultural Literacy and Creativity
2021
AbstractThe introductory chapter explains the core concepts of the book: Cultural literacy and creativity. Cultural literacy is defined as a social practice that is inherently dialogic and based on learning and gaining knowledge through emphatic, tolerant, and inclusive interaction. Creativity is seen as stimulating cultural literacy learning through openness and curiosity to test and develop something new or imaginative. The chapter introduces the Cultural Literacy Learning Programme (CLLP) and the research data: 1906 works created by 5–15-year-old children and young people who participated in the program in 2019 and 2020 in Cyprus, Germany, Israel, Lithuania, Spain, Portugal, and the UK. …
Modelling and assessing public health policies to counteract Italian measles outbreaks
2021
This study aims to understand, through explanatory research, the key factors that led to the 2017 measles outbreak in Italy, the causes of the low level of immunisation and the causes of possible cyclical phenomena of measles epidemics. This topic's comprehension has required a holistic approach, merging epidemiological aspects, socioeconomic aspects (including the evolution of mistrust in vaccinations, infodemy and fake news) and health law constraints. A specific SIR System Dynamics (SD) model was built to reproduce the relevant cause-and-effect relationships between social interactions, the public institutions behaviour and the measles outbreaks. SD results permit the assessment of the h…
false
2021
Background Digital development has caused rehabilitation services and rehabilitees to become increasingly interested in using technology as a part of rehabilitation. This study was based on a previously published study that categorized 4 groups of patients with cardiac disease based on different experiences and attitudes toward technology (e-usage groups): feeling outsider, being uninterested, reflecting benefit, and enthusiastic using. Objective This study identifies differences in the biopsychosocial profiles of patients with cardiac disease in e-usage groups and deepen the understanding of these profiles in cardiac rehabilitation. Methods Focus group interviews and measurements were con…
Enzymatic systems involved in peri-receptor events of olfaction in mammalian: evolutionary perspectives
2021
International audience; The olfactory epithelium is continuously exposed to exogenous chemicals, including compounds bearing odor activity. Organisms have developed multiple mechanisms for the protection of this epithelium, among which anti-microbial proteins, enzymes fighting the oxidative stress and xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Our approach consists in characterizing by immunohistochemistry and mass spectroscopy analysis the proteome of the nasal mucus in different mammals (currently including Harbour porpoise, Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Oryctolagus cuniculus, Rattus norvegicus). These analyses reveal core some enzyme families in the different species investigated, including glutathi…
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE AND INFGERTILITY: ANALYSIS OF LITERATURE AND FUTURE PERSPECTIVES
2021
Background: inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic disorders that affect the gastrointestinal tract but which also present extraintestinal manifestations. One of the problems related to IBD is the presence of bothfemale and male infertility. Aim: determine the correlation between IBD and male and female infertility by analyzing the literature. Material and method: studies carried out in the last twenty years have been selected through the PubMed search engine. Only studies were selected that in their conclusions showed a real correlation between IBD and infertility. Results: the first cause of infetility in both sexes is related to the surgical interventions that patients have to fac…
Badania stylistyczne inspirowane dorobkiem naukowym Profesor Jany Hoffmannovej
2021
Multifractal geometry for integrating several challenges of sustainable metropolitan planning
2021
International audience
Conclusions: Cultural Literacy in Action
2021
AbstractIn this chapter, the authors emphasize how even very young children can deal with complex and abstract ideas and emotions through creative practices and how the differences between people are not an issue for children. The analysis indicates that children have a multifaceted capacity for empathy. The authors stress that image-making is an important mode of communication through which children and young people shape their understanding of the world. This is a constructive and dialogic process of thinking in action. It allows children and young people to develop their imagination, emotional responses, personality, and position in the community, in relationship with others, and with th…
Adoption of social media marketing for sustainable business growth of SMEs in emerging economies: The moderating role of leadership support
2021
Social media marketing (SMM) plays an important role in business communication, marketing, operations, and other activities. There is a growing interest among researchers, academicians, and practitioners to understand the role of SMM in business sustainability in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in an emerging economy, like India. Few studies have attempted to understand this role. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine the impact of adopting social media marketing for sustainable business growth of SMEs in an emerging economy. The study also investigates the moderating role of SME leadership support on the relationship between SMM usage and sustainable business growth of SMEs. After …
Secular Religion as a Tool for the Realization of Democratic Citizenship. The Thesis of John Dewey (1859-1952)
2021
This contribution aims to propose a critical reflection on a particularly complex theme for international pedagogical literature: religion. This will be done through a constant dialogue with John Dewey, a philosopher and pedagogist of American origin who, in addition to having dedicated himself to philosophical, political and pedagogical issues, has had interesting reflections on the religious phenomenon. Therefore, attention will be turned to such of his writings as Moral Theory and Practice of 1891, in which Dewey treated the religious question implicitly, wondering about human conduct and the need for it to be oriented by a morality that directed the individual towards the exercise of th…
Robot-assisted and conventional minimally invasive esophagectomy are associated with better postoperative results compared to hybrid and open transth…
2021
BACKGROUND Currently 4 surgical techniques are performed for transthoracic esophagectomy (open esophagectomy (OE), hybrid esophagectomy (HE), conventional minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) and robot assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE). Aim of this study was to compare these 4 different esophagectomy approaches regarding postoperative complications and short term oncologic outcomes. METHODS Between 2008 and 2019, consecutive patients who underwent esophagectomy with gastric conduit reconstruction were included in this single center study. The primary outcome of this study was the incidence of postoperative complications. RESULTS Overall 422 patients (OE (n = 107), HE (n = …
The Quality of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX): a Multilevel Analysis of Individual-level, Organizational-level and Societal-level Antecedents
2021
Abstract We examine the direct relationships for both individual values and organizational-level culture on the quality of leader-member exchange (LMX) in a multilevel, multi-society study. In addition, we investigate the moderating roles of organizational- and societal-level cultures. Using 2343 respondents from 12 samples, we performed hierarchical linear modelling analysis and found that individual-level collectivism and organizational-level clan and hierarchy cultures were positively related to LMX, while individual-level individualism and organizational-level market and adhocracy cultures were negatively related to LMX. None of the organizational culture types or societal cultures had …
Environmental Performance Assessment of Urban Roundabouts
2021
To meet continuous and sustainable improvement on road infrastrucutures, new technologies and smart devices are encouraging the development of a mobile crowdsensing system for collecting and monitoring data to be used in efficiency assessment. In this view, the paper proposes a methodological approach that employs in an integrated way vehicle trajectory data collected in the field, the Vehicle Specific Power methodology and a microscopic traffic simulation model for estimating emissions at urban roundabouts. For a first characterization of the emissive phenomenon reference was made to an existing two-lane roundabout in Palermo, Italy, where vehicle trajectory data were collected using a sma…
Integrating stated preferences, landscape metrics and attitudes to assess visual impact of wind turbines
2021
International audience
Inhibition Mechanism of SARS‐CoV‐2 Main Protease with Ketone‐Based Inhibitors Unveiled by Multiscale Simulations: Insights for Improved Designs**
2021
Abstract We present the results of classical and QM/MM simulations for the inhibition of SARS‐CoV‐2 3CL protease by a hydroxymethylketone inhibitor, PF‐00835231. In the noncovalent complex the carbonyl oxygen atom of the warhead is placed in the oxyanion hole formed by residues 143 to 145, while P1–P3 groups are accommodated in the active site with interactions similar to those observed for the peptide substrate. According to alchemical free energy calculations, the P1′ hydroxymethyl group also contributes to the binding free energy. Covalent inhibition of the enzyme is triggered by the proton transfer from Cys145 to His41. This step is followed by the nucleophilic attack of the Sγ atom on …
Large shape staggering in neutron-deficient Bi isotopes
2021
The changes in the mean-square charge radius (relative to 209Bi), magnetic dipole, and electric quadrupole moments of 187,188,189,191Bi were measured using the in-source resonance-ionization spectroscopy technique at ISOLDE (CERN). A large staggering in radii was found in 187,188,189Big, manifested by a sharp radius increase for the ground state of 188Bi relative to the neighboring 187,189Big. A large isomer shift was also observed for 188Bim. Both effects happen at the same neutron number, N=105, where the shape staggering and a similar isomer shift were observed in the mercury isotopes. Experimental results are reproduced by mean-field calculations where the ground or isomeric states were…
Product Placement Bibliometric Study: Generic Journals Versus Specific-Communication Journals
2021
Media fragmentation represents new challenges for product placement strategies to become an increasingly effective way to reach consumers and non-users. In this frame, this paper has been developed with three main objectives: (i) to carry on a performance analysis to measure the visibility/impact of the scientific product in product placement (most cited authors, journals, and themes), (ii) to visually present the scientific structure by topics of research in product placement as well as its evolution to identify future research lines, and (iii) to compare both objectives in generic journals and specific communication ones. To this end, the resources in the Web of Science Citation Index wer…
Most Diverse Near-Shortest Paths
2021
Computing the shortest path in a road network is a fundamental problem that has attracted lots of attention. However, in many real-world scenarios, determining solely the shortest path is not enough as users want to have additional, alternative ways of reaching their destination. In this paper, we investigate a novel variant of alternative routing, termed the k-Most Diverse Near-Shortest Paths (kMDNSP). In contrast to previous work, kMDNSP aims at maximizing the diversity of the recommended paths, while bounding their length based on a user-defined constraint. Our theoretical analysis proves the NP-hardness of the problem at hand. To compute an exact solution to kMDNSP, we present an algori…