Associations of LPL and APOC3 gene polymorphisms on plasma lipids in a mediterranean population: Interaction with tobacco smoking and the APOE locus

We conducted a cross-sectional study in a Spanish population (n = 1,029) to investigate associations between the LPL and APOC3 gene loci (LPL-HindIII, LPL-S447X, and APOC3-SstI) and plasma lipid levels and their interaction with APOE polymorphisms and smoking. Carriers of the H− or the X447 allele had higher levels of HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), and lower levels of TG, after adjustment for age, body mass index, alcohol, smoking, exercise, and education (P < 0.01). The APOC3 polymorphism presented additive effects to the LPL variants on TG and HDL-C levels in men, and on TG in women. The most and the least favorable haplotype combinations were H−/X447/S1 and H+/S447/S2, respectively. These comb…

Cystinuria subtype and nephrolithiasis

Metodología Aprendizaje-Servicio adaptada al confinamiento por COVID-19: Utilización en la prevención de adicciones

[EN] In the Faculty of Pharmacy, the activity "Specific Service Learning (SL)" is carried out. SL allows a team of the center's teaching staff to work voluntarily and in a coordinated manner in the training of people who study the five degrees taught at the center. The suspension of all face-to-face educational and training activities in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic completely altered the continuation of the tasks and actions related to the SL projects. The objective of this work is to describe the design and implementation of a SL project on addictions that had to be adapted to the digital field for a receiving group with certain characteristics. It will also be described how a …

Asociaciones de la concentración de adiponectina sérica con parámetros antropométricos, bioquímicos y presión arterial en población de alto riesgo cardiovascular

Introduccion La adiponectinemia se ha asociado inversamente con obesidad abdominal, un perfil lipidico mas favorable y menor resistencia a la insulina. Sin embargo, recientes estudios en poblacion de alto riesgo cardiovascular, especialmente con funcion renal alterada, muestran que concentraciones elevadas son un indicador desfavorable. Nuestro objetivo ha sido estudiar la asociacion entre adiponectinemia y parametros antropometricos, bioquimicos y presion arterial (PA) en pacientes de alto riesgo cardiovascular. Pacientes y metodos Se estudio a 185 pacientes (133 mujeres y 52 varones), participantes del estudio PREDIMED (edad media de 65,5 ± 4,3 anos). Se obtuvieron datos clinicos, antropo…

Single tube optimisation of APOE genotyping based on melting curve analysis

Objectives: To develop and validate a single-tube protocol for APOE genotyping using fluorescent probes. Design and methods: We have designed and validated a hybrid, single-tube, SimpleProbe/FRET probe protocol that takes advantage of the different probe wavelength emissions. Results: Our method offers high quality outcomes, minimum interferences between probe signals and is 100% concordant with the reference protocol. Conclusions: This method is cheaper, faster and more reliable and versatile than other alternatives proposed. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The 1258 GA polymorphism in the neuropeptide Y gene is associated with greater alcohol consumption in a Mediterranean population.

Abstract Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neurotransmitter widely distributed in the central nervous system. Several studies have demonstrated that increases of NPY are associated with reduced alcohol intake and anxiety manifestations. The Leu7Pro polymorphism in the NPY has been associated with alcohol consumption, but evidence is scarce. In the Spanish Mediterranean population, this variant is not polymorphic. Thus, our aim is to identify novel functional variants in the NPY and to investigate the impact of these markers and others previously described on alcohol consumption in this population. A total of 911 subjects (321 men and 590 women) from the Spanish Mediterranean population were recruit…

Manifestaciones fenotípicas de la cistinuria: estudio de 20 familias en la Comunidad Valenciana

Fundamento El objetivo de este trabajo fue realizar una caracterizacion fenotipica de los pacientes con cistinuria en la Comunidad Valenciana en el contexto de su genealogia y abordar desde esta perspectiva la amplia heterogeneidad de esta enfermedad. Sujetos y metodo A partir de 29 individuos que habian sido diagnosticados de cistinuria con anterioridad a este estudio se logro la colaboracion de 20 familias. Se recogio una muestra de orina de cada individuo, se analizo el sedimento y se cuantificaron los aminoacidos mediante cromatografia de alta resolucion. El analisis genetico se llevo a cabo mediante reaccion en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) y analisis de patrones de polimorfismos de re…

Validating a Rapid Method for Detecting Common Polymorphisms in the APOA5 Gene by Melting Curve Analysis Using LightTyper

The recently identified apolipoprotein A-V gene (APOA5) has been shown to play an important role in hypertriglyceridemia (1). Genetic variation in APOA5 has been consistently associated with plasma triglyceride concentrations in several studies (2)(3)(4). Moreover, some studies have demonstrated additional associations with lipoprotein subclasses, remnant-like particles, and cardiovascular disease risk (4)(5)(6). Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the human APOA5 gene have been detected with differing frequencies depending on the population analyzed (7)(8), and Klos et al.(7) have also suggested context-dependent associations in different populations. Overall, 5 common SNPs, …

PPAR-alpha L162V and PGC-1 G482S gene polymorphisms, but not PPAR-gamma P12A, are associated with alcohol consumption in a Spanish Mediterranean population.

Abstract Background Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors (PPARs) and its co-activators are regulatory elements of the cellular lipid homeostasis and have been associated with feeding behavior modulation. Animal models suggest that these genes may be involved in alcohol consumption regulation. However, no studies in humans exist. Our aim is to estimate the possible association between polymorphisms in the PPAR-α , PPAR-γ and PPAR-γ co-activator 1A ( PGC-1A ) genes and alcohol consumption in humans. Methods We have conducted a cross-sectional study between the PPAR-α L162V, PPAR-γ P12A and PGC-1A G482S polymorphisms, and alcohol consumption in a general Mediterranean Spanish population…

The rs1466113 Polymorphism in the Somatostatin Receptor 2 Gene Is Associated with Obesity and Food Intake in a Mediterranean Population

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; A genome-wide association study identified rs1466113 (G&gt;C) in the somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) gene as one of the polymorphisms most significantly associated with body mass index (BMI). As replication is required, we examined the association between this polymorphism and anthropometric variables and food intake in a Mediterranean population. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; We studied 945 high cardiovascular-risk subjects (340 men and 605 women) aged 67 ± 6 years, participating in the PREDIMED-Valencia Study. Demographic, clinical, biochemical, dietary, genetic and anthropometric data were obtained. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; We found recessive effects for t…

Polimorfismos en el gen de la apolipoproteína E y riesgo de hipercolesterolemia: un estudio de casos y controles en una población laboral de Valencia

Fundamento El gen de la apolipoproteina E (apoE) presenta tres variantes comunes (alelos ɛ2, ɛ3, ɛ4), cuya frecuencia alelica y asociacion con los lipidos plasmaticos varia segun las poblaciones. Nuestro objetivo fue estimar la asociacion entre estas variantes geneticas y el riesgo de hipercolesterolemia en la poblacion mediterranea espanola. Pacientes y metodo Se ha realizado un estudio de casos y controles en una poblacion laboral de Valencia. Se identificaron 330 casos (148 varones y 182 mujeres) con hipercolesterolemia moderada (colesterol total > 200 mg/dl o con tratamiento hipolipemiante) y un intervalo de edad entre 20–60 anos. Se seleccionaron 330 controles normocolesterolemicos apa…

Modulación de la expresión fenotípica del paciente con cistinuria: influencia de la intervención terapéutica y de la dieta

OBJETIVOS El fenotipo final del paciente con cistinuria depende, por una parte, de la ausencia o defecto molecular mas o menos grave en el transporte de cistina y aminoacidos dibasicos; y por otra parte tambien de factores ambientales. El objetivo del presente estudio es conocer el efecto de la modulacion de diversos factores ambientales (pH urinario, ingesta de liquido, tratamiento farmacologico y en especial la dieta) sobre el fenotipo final del paciente con cistinuria. METODOS Se estudiaron 45 sujetos diagnosticados como pacientes con cistinuria (25 hombres y 20 mujeres), 42 individuos pertenecientes al arbol genealogico de estos pacientes con cistinuria (15 hombres y 27 mujeres) y 90 co…

Relevant associations of the glucokinase regulatory protein/glucokinase gene variation with TAG concentrations in a high-cardiovascular risk population: modulation by the Mediterranean diet

The SNP rs1260326 (P446L) and rs1799884 ( − 30G&gt;A) for the glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) and glucokinase (GCK) genes, respectively, have been associated with opposing effects on TAG and glucose concentrations. However, their genetic modulation by diet (dietary patterns or foods) remains to be investigated. We studied 945 high-cardiovascular risk subjects aged 67 (sd 6) years who participated in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea-Valencia Study. Demographic, clinical, biochemical and genetic data were obtained. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and food intake were measured by validated questionnaires. Carriers of the L allele of GKCR had significantly higher TAG concent…

Legume consumption is inversely associated with type 2 diabetes incidence in adults: A prospective assessment from the PREDIMED study

Background & aims: Legumes, a low-energy, nutrient-dense and low glycemic index food, have shown beneficial effects on glycemic control and adiposity. As such, legumes are widely recommended in diabetic diets, even though there is little evidence that their consumption protects against type 2 diabetes. Therefore the aim of the present study was to examine the associations between consumption of total legumes and specific subtypes, and type 2 diabetes risk. We also investigated the effect of theoretically substituting legumes for other protein- or carbohydrate-rich foods. Methods: Prospective assessment of 3349 participants in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED) study without ty…

Efecto del polimorfismo de la apolipoproteína E en el perfil lipoproteico y riesgo cardiovascular en una población mediterránea

Fundamento La asociacion de las variantes comunes del gen de la apolipoproteina E (apo E)con arteriosclerosis varia segun las poblaciones. Nuestro objetivo fue estimar la asociacion entreestas variantes geneticas (alelos e2, e3 y e4) con las concentraciones de lipidos plasmaticosy el riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) en una poblacion mediterranea espanola. Pacientes y metodo Se ha realizado un estudio transversal en 486 individuos (144 varones y342 mujeres) procedentes de poblacion general mediterranea (7-85 anos). Se determino el genotipode la apo E y variables antropometricas, bioquimicas y del estilo de vida. Resultados La frecuencia alelica para e2 y e4 fue baja (0,052; interval…

Polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system influence height in normotensive women in a Spanish population.

The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of the polymorphisms G-6A of the angiotensinogen gene, insertion/deletion (I/D) of the angiotensin-converting enzyme, and C573T of the angiotensin II AT1 receptor gene on a healthy, middle-age population. A total of 370 (194 women) healthy normotensive Caucasian subjects, aged 25-50 yr old, were selected from the general population. A significant association was found between height and the C573T polymorphism in women (P0.001). After adjustment for age, this association remained significant (P0.002). Thus, the lowest height values were from subjects carrying TT genotype (CC, 1.627 +/- 0.008 m; CT, 1.595 +/- 0.006 m; TT, 1.586 +/- 0.01…

Comparación de las frecuencias de los alelos factor V Leiden (G1691A) y protrombina-G20210A entre pacientes con trombosis venosa profunda y población general mediterránea española

Background: Factor V leiden and the -G20210A variant of prothrombin gene are associated to a higher risk of deep venous thrombosis. Aim: To assess the frequency of factor V Leiden (G1691A) and prothrombin -G20210A alleles in patients with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and in the general population from Spain. Material and methods: Factor V Leiden (g1691a) and prothrombin-g20210a alleles were genotyped in 493 individuals from the Spanish general populations and in 131 patients with DVT. The presence of DVT was confirmed by phlebography. Allelic frequencies and the DVT risk associated with these variants were estimated. Results: Allelic frequencies for the factor V Leiden (G1691A) allele were …

Dietary habits and geographic variation in stomach cancer mortality in Spain

Following examination of the geographical pattern of stomach cancer incidence in Spain, the possible relationship between diet and stomach cancer has been assessed using an ecological model which looks into the relationship between the consumption of different foods and the nutrient intake in each of the 50 Spanish provinces during the period 1964-65, and the mortality rate for stomach cancer in these same 50 provinces during a period 20 years later (1984-86). The geographical pattern of stomach cancer mortality has been arrived at using the standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) calculated for each province. The per capita consumption of foods was obtained from the National Institute for Sta…

Variaciones en el gen SLC7A9: impacto de trece mutaciones frecuentes en la etiología de la cistinuria en población mediterránea española

Fundamento y objetivo Investigar la presencia de mutaciones en el gen SLC7A9, descritas como mas prevalentes en otras poblaciones, en familias con cistinuria en poblacion mediterranea espanolay su asociacion con manifestaciones clinicas de la enfermedad. Pacientes y metodo Se estudio a 20 familias con cistinuria (6 tipo I, 12 tipo no I y 2 de tipo desconocido), incluidos 48 pacientes con cistinuria y 44 familiares. Se aislo el ADN y se realizoel analisis molecular de 13 mutaciones en el gen SLC7A9 (P52L, N58_G79del22, G63R,G105R, T123M, V170M, A182T, V188M, c.614dupA, G259R, L283F, A316V y R333W). Seestudio la asociacion de estas mutaciones con las concentraciones de aminoacidos en orina,fo…

Gut and microbial resveratrol metabolite profiling after moderate long-term consumption of red wine versus dealcoholized red wine in humans by an optimized ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method

Resveratrol exerts a variety of biological and pharmacological activities, which are observed despite its extremely low bioavailability and rapid clearance from the circulation due to extensive sulfation and glucuronidation in the intestine and liver. In order to more accurately quantify all known resveratrol metabolites, a sensitive and optimized analytical assay was developed and validated by pure standards. Methodology improvements aimed to the chromatographic detection of disulfates and sulfoglucuronides, improving resolution of sulfates, by using a buffered solution, with recovery values of resveratrol and its metabolites, even of sulfates, of 99%. The adapted methodology was then appl…

Impact of cardiovascular risk factors on oxidative stress and DNA damage in a high risk Mediterranean population

The impact of classic cardiovascular risk factors on oxidative stress status in a high-risk cardiovascular Mediterranean population of 527 subjects was estimated. Oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, 8-oxo-7′8′-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine, oxidized/reduced glutathione ratio) together with the activity of antioxidant enzyme triad (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) were analysed in circulating mononuclear blood cells. Malondialdehyde, oxidized glutathione and the ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione were signifi cantly higher while catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were signifi cantly lower in high cardiovascular risk participants than in controls. S…

The effect of the APOE polymorphism on HDL-C concentrations depends on the cholesterol ester transfer protein gene variation in a Southern European population.

Abstract Background Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) locus has consistently shown a significant association with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). However, its impact on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) has been highly controversial suggesting that it may be context-dependent. We examined the gene–gene interaction between the common ApoE and the CETP polymorphisms in determining HDL-C concentrations in men and women from the general population. Methods 550 unrelated Caucasian subjects were randomly selected from a Mediterranean Region in Spain. Plasma lipids, anthropometric, clinical and lifestyle variables were measured. Common ApoE and CETP-TaqIB polymorphisms were determine…

Effect of walnut-enriched meat on the relationship between VCAM, ICAM, and LTB4 levels and PON-1 activity in ApoA4 360 and PON-1 allele carriers at increased cardiovascular risk

Cardiovascular risk depends largely on paraoxonase (PON-1) and apolipoprotein A4 (APOA4) gene polymorphisms. To compare the effects of consumption of walnut-enriched meat versus low-fat meat (LM) on selected soluble adhesion molecules and leukotrienes (LTB4). In all 22 subjects at increased cardiovascular risk were taken. It is a non-blinded, cross-over, placebo-controlled study. Two 5-week experimental periods separated by 4–6 week wash-out interval. Participants consumed walnut-enriched meat during one period and LM during the other. Diet characteristics, HDLc, Apo A1, paraoxonase, sVCAM-1, sICAM-1 and LTB4 were analysed. PON-1 55, PON-1 192 and APOA4 360 polymorphism effects were also as…

Gene-environment interactions of CETP gene variation in a high cardiovascular risk Mediterranean population

Genome-wide association studies show that cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are more strongly associated with HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations than any other loci across the genome. However, gene-environment interactions for clinical applications are still largely unknown. We studied gene-environment interactions between CETP SNPs and dietary fat intake, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, alcohol consumption, smoking, obesity, and diabetes on HDL-C in 4,210 high cardiovascular risk subjects from a Mediterranean population. We focused on the −4,502C>T and the TaqIB SNPs in partial linkage disequilibrium (D'= 0.88; P < 0.001). They were i…

Association between glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) and apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) gene polymorphisms and triacylglycerol concentrations in fasting, postprandial, and fenofibrate-treated states.

Background: Hypertriglyceridemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Variation in the apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) and glucokinase regulatory protein (GCKR) genes has been associated with fasting plasma triacylglycerol. Objective: We investigated the combined effects of the GCKR rs780094C→T, APOA5 −1131T→C, and APOA5 56C→G single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on fasting triacylglycerol in several independent populations and the response to a high-fat meal and fenofibrate interventions. Design: We used a cross-sectional design to investigate the association with fasting triacylglycerol in 8 populations from America, Asia, and Europe (n = 7730 men and women) and 2 intervention studies…

Sensibilidad, especificidad y valor predictivo del análisis genético de variantes en el gen SLC3A1 aplicado al diagnóstico de cistinuria en población española

Objetivo Estimar la validez clinica del analisis de las mutaciones puntuales R452W, M467T, 114C > A, 231T > A, 1136 + 3delT y 1332 + 7T > C en el gen SLC3A1, asi como de sus posibles haplotipos aplicados al diagnostico de cistinuria en poblacion mediterranea espanola. Material y metodos Se han estudiado 48 pacientes con cistinuria, 44 familiares sin cistinuria y 81 controles sanos. Se realizo un analisis genetico para la identificacion de variantes en el gen SLC3A1. Se calculo la sensibilidad, especificidad y valor predictivo para cada variante genetica y para los posibles haplotipos. Resultados La especificidad de las mutaciones M467T, R452W y 231T > A aplicadas al diagnostico de cistinuri…

Assessment of the Nutritional Status, Diet and Intestinal Parasites in Hosted Saharawi Children.

Since the early 1990s, Spanish humanitarian associations have welcomed Saharawi children from the refugee camps in Tindouf (Argelia). These children are the most affected by the lack of food, water, hygienic measures and health care. The main objective of this study was to analyze the anthropometric, nutritional and parasitological data of 38 Saharawi boys and girls (from 10 to 13 years old) under a holiday host program in the city of Valencia. Our results confirm that malnutrition and multiparasitism are highly frequent, so it is understood that living conditions in refugee camps continue to be precarious with a lack of proper hygiene and nutrition. Furthermore, biochemical alterations, la…

Identification of novel SLC3A1 gene mutations in Spanish cystinuria families and association with clinical phenotypes

Cystinuria is an inherited metabolic disease characterized by an abnormal urinary excretion of cystine and dibasic amino acids, leading to kidney stone formation. Incidence of cystinuria in the Mediterranean Spanish population is one of the highest in the world. In view of the low prevalence of previously reported mutations in the SLC3A1 gene, analyses to identify novel variants were carried out on 20 cystinuria families. Additionally, we investigated the possible association between these molecular variants and clinical phenotypes. Genomic DNA from 48 cystinuria patients, 44 healthy relatives and 81 unrelated controls from the East Mediterranean coast of Spain was screened by conformation …

Education modulates the association of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with body mass index and obesity risk in the Mediterranean population

Objective To define whether the rs9939609 FTO (fat mass and obesity associated) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated with anthropometric measurements and its modulation by educational level in a Mediterranean population. Methods We studied 3 independent adult samples: a random sample (n = 1580) from the general population (GP), obese hospital patients (OHP) (n = 203) and elderly subjects (n = 1027) with high cardiovascular risk (HCR). Weight and height were directly measured. Education and physical activity (PA) were measured using questionnaires. Results The rs9939609 presented heterogeneous associations with BMI. In the GP, the minor A-allele was significantly associated wit…

Association between M467T and 114 C--A variants within the SLC3A1 gene and some phenotypical traits in cystinuria patients from Spain.

Cystinuria is an inherited metabolic disease characterized by an abnormal urinary excretion of cystine and dibasic amino acids. Formation of renal calculi, recurrent infections and renal failure are the main complications of this disease. The SLC3A1 gene, which codes for a dibasic amino acid transporter protein, is involved in the pathogenesis of cystinuria. We investigated the possible association between molecular variants (M467T, E483X, T216 M and 114 C--A) within the SLC3A1 gene and some phenotypical traits in a Spanish area. The study population consisted of 45 cystinuria patients, 42 cystinuria relatives and 81 healthy control subjects. Only the M467T mutation was found in chromosomes…

Efecto del polimorfismo +2138InsCAGACC en el gen del receptor 3 de la melanocortina en el riesgo de obesidad en población española

Objetivo El receptor 3 de la melanocortina (MC3R) ha sido implicado en la regulacion de la homeostasis energetica y en el peso corporal. Nuestro objetivo es conocer si el polimorfismo +2138InsCAGACC en dicho gen se asocia con el riesgo de obesidad en poblacion espanola. Material y metodo Se ha realizado un estudio de casos y controles con 303 casos de obesidad y 606 controles apareados por sexo y edad. Se determinaron variables antropometricas y del estilo de vida y el polimorfismo +2138InsCAGACC en el gen del MC3R. Resultados La frecuencia alelica para la variante +2138InsCAGACC para el total de la poblacion fue de 0,29, y resulto ligeramente menos frecuente en el grupo de casos que en el …

Association between the rs6950982 polymorphism near the SERPINE1 gene and blood pressure and lipid parameters in a high-cardiovascular-risk population: interaction with Mediterranean diet

The SERPINE1 (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1) gene, better known by its previous symbol PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1), has been associated with cardiovascular phenotypes with differing results. Our aim was to examine the association between the rs6950982 (G  A) near the SERPINE1 gene, blood pressure (BP) and plasma lipid concentrations as well as the modulation of the polymorphism effects by adherence to Mediterranean diet (AMD). We studied 945 high-cardiovascular-risk subjects. Biochemical, clinical, dietary and genetic data (rs6950982) were obtained. We also determined the common rs1799768 (4G/5G), for checking independent effects. AMD was measured by a validate…

Gender specific associations of the Trp64Arg mutation in the beta3-adrenergic receptor gene with obesity-related phenotypes in a Mediterranean population: interaction with a common lipoprotein lipase gene variation

Abstract. Corella D, Guillen M, Portoles O, Sorli JV, Alonso V, Folch J, Saiz C (School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain). Gender specific associations of the Trp64Arg mutation in the β3-adrenergic receptor gene with obesity-related phenotypes in a Mediterranean population: interaction with a common lipoprotein lipase gene variation. J Intern Med 2001; 250: 348–360. Objective. To investigate the association between the Trp64Arg β3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) mutation and obesity-related phenotypes in a Mediterranean Spanish population considering the effect of other genetic and environmental factors. Design and subject. Cross-sectional study in 1063 (476 men and 587 wome…

Evaluation of School Children Nutritional Status in Ecuador Using Nutrimetry: A Proposal of an Education Protocol to Address the Determinants of Malnutrition

The education sector is a cornerstone in the battle against malnutrition in children. However, there are still no consolidated protocols that outline strategies for how nutrition programs in low- and middle-income countries can be delivered through the education sector. Establishing the correct community diagnosis is essential prior to the elaboration of an intervention plan for a school population that takes into account more than just traditional variables related to the nutritional status. A total of 574 boys and girls aged 3–11 years from three educational institutions in different municipalities in Ecuador participated in the study. Sociodemographic, anthropometric (weight and height) …

Association of TaqIB polymorphism in the cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene with plasma lipid levels in a healthy Spanish population.

Genetic variants at the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) locus have been associated with CETP activity and mass, as well as plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein A-I levels. We have examined allele frequencies and lipid associations for the common CETP TaqIB polymorphism in a sample of 514 healthy subjects (231 men, mean age 37.4 years, and 283 women, mean age 35.7 years) residing in Valencia (Spain). The frequency of the less common TaqIB2 allele (0.351; 95% CI: 0.322-0. 380) was significantly lower than those reported for Northern European populations. Consistent with previous studies, we found a significant association of the TaqIB polymorphism w…

Dietary inflammatory index and all-cause mortality in large cohorts: The SUN and PREDIMED studies

[Background]: Inflammation is known to be related to the leading causes of death including cardiovascular disease, several types of cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes, depression-suicide and other chronic diseases. In the context of whole dietary patterns, the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) was developed to appraise the inflammatory potential of the diet. [Objective]: We prospectively assessed the association between DII scores and all-cause mortality in two large Spanish cohorts and valuated the consistency of findings across these two cohorts and results published based on other cohorts.

Effects of red wine polyphenols and alcohol on glucose metabolism and the lipid profile: a randomized clinical trial.

Summary Background & aims Epidemiological data suggest that moderate red wine consumption reduces cardiovascular mortality and the incidence of diabetes. However, whether these effects are due to ethanol or to non-alcoholic components of red wine still remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of moderate consumption of red wine, dealcoholized red wine, and gin on glucose metabolism and the lipid profile. Methods Sixty-seven men at high cardiovascular risk were randomized in a crossover trial. After a run-in period, all received each of red wine (30 g alcohol/d), the equivalent amount of dealcoholized red wine, and gin (30 g alcohol/d) for 4 week periods, in a…