Sulphonamide Antifolates Inhibiting Thymidylate Synthase. Synthesis, Enzyme Inhibition and Cytotoxicity

1993

Synthesis and biological evaluation are described of seven new analogues (3-9) of two potent thymidylate synthase inhibitors, 10-propargyl-5,8-dideazafolate (1) and its 2-methyl-2-deamino congener ICI 198583 (2). While the new compunds 3 and 4 were analogues of 1 and 2, respectively, containing a p-aminobenzenesulfonyl residue in place of the p-aminobenzoic acid residue, the remaining 5 new compounds were analogues of 4 with the L-glutamic acid residue replaced by glycine (5), L-valine (6), L-alanine (7), L-phenylglycine (8) or L-norvaline (9). The new analogues were tested as inhibitors of thymidylate synthases isolated from tumour (Ehrlich carcinoma), parasite (Hymenolepis diminuta) and n…

Sideritis carolipauana ‐ eine neue Art aus Marokko Mit 4 Abbildungen

1993

Aus der marokkanischen Flora wird eine neue Art der Gattung Sideritis L. (S. carolipauana) beschrie ben. Out of the flora of Morocco there is described a new species from the genus Sideritis L. (Sideritis carolipauana).

Relationship of Cerebral Blood Flow Disturbances with Brain Oedema Formation

1993

Brain oedema is an important factor which compromises maintenance of the cerebral blood flow. Conversely, primary blood flow disturbances are leading to brain oedema. The mechanisms underlying blood flow impairment by brain oedema are associated with an increased regional tissue pressure in proportion to the degree of water accumulation in the parenchyma. The release of vasoactive mediator compounds might be considered in addition. Primary disturbances of the cerebral blood flow, such as focal or global cerebral ischaemia are leading to an increased cerebral water content. A decrease of the cerebral blood flow to ca. 40% of normal or below has been found to result in the development of brai…

Methodological Aspects of the Application of the Naka-Rushton Equation to Clinical Electroretinogram

1993

The nonlinear relation between stimulus intensity and response amplitude of the electroretinogram (ERG) scotopic b wave can be described by a curve based on the Naka-Rushton (NR) equation. Up to now, the NR equation has been used to assess the features of the normal and pathological ERG, but the best approach for a correct evaluation of the parameters is still debatable. The parameters are thought to be related to the different conditions of retinal activities. The method is well known in experimental laboratories but is quite unusual at the clinical level. In the present paper the derivative analysis of the NR function is proposed as an easier approach to understand the variations of the N…

Aplasia del arco posterior del Atlas

1993

Las anomalías congénitas del arco posterior del Atlas son poco frecuentes. Se presenta el caso de una paciente, que tras sufrir un accidente se diagnosticó de aplasia parcial del atlas. Esta lesión es considerada como una variante anatómica benigna de la región cráneovertebral. Se expone el desarrollo y el significado de esta anomalía. Congenital anomalies of the posterior arch of the atlas are uncommon. This paper presents the case of a patient who, as result of an accident, was diagnosed as having a congenital partial agenesia of the posterior arch of the atlas. This finding is considered as a benign anatomical variation of the craniovertebral junction region. The development and clinical…

Contribution des systemes experts a la conduite et a l'optimisation d'un procede de fermentation alcoolique

1993

138 ref. Diplôme : Dr. d'Université

Osteotomía proximal de tibia con estabilización mediante grapa compresora

1993

Se revisan 60 pacientes con 78 osteotomías proximales de tibia —70 valguizantes y 8 varizantes— estabilizadas con una grapa de nuevo diseño con propiedades compresoras, debido a la elasticidad de su material. El seguimiento de los pacientes osciló entre los 3 y 10 años. De acuerdo con los criterios tradicionales de Coventry (1973), hemos obtenido buenos resultados en 61 osteotomías (78%), regulares en 11 (14%) y malos en 6 (8%). No se detectaron pérdidas de corrección, ni migraciones de la grapa. Las complicaciones fueron: una paresia del extensor largo del primer dedo del pie, 2 infecciones superficiales de partes blandas y 2 edemas postoperatorios persistentes de extremidad inferior. La c…

Epidemiología de las fracturas de la extremidad superior del fémur: a propósito de 322 casos

1993

Se realiza un estudio epidemiológico retrospectivo en una serie de 322 pacientes ancianos con fractura de la extremidad superior del fémur (FEPF), vistos y tratados entre los años 1985-1988, en el Servicio de Traumatología del Hospital del Insalud de Logroño, siendo comparados los resultados con los de otras series. Las caídas casuales por mínimo traumatismo fueron la principal causa de la lesión, con mayor incidencia en la mujer de 78 años y con predominio de las fracturas trocantereas sobre las cervicales. En nuestra serie el 48% de estos pacientes están afectados por más de una enfermedad previa a la fractura y a la intervención. Complicaciones locales postoperatorios (migración de los c…

Réussir en maths, plus dur pour une fille ?

1993

International audience; Les différences de réussite en mathématiques entre garçons et filles passent pour relativement évidentes. Mais une analyse précise de la nature, du calendrier et du "mode de production" de ces différences débouche sur des conclusions beaucoup plus nuancées, et intéressantes pour qui refuse cette apparente fatalité.

Half-string oscillator approach to string field theory

1993

In this letter we present an operator formalism for Closed String Field Theory based on closed half-strings. Our results indicate that the restricted polyhedra of the classical non-polynomial string field theory, can be represented as traces of infinite matrices, with operator insertions that reparametrise the half-strings.

Real-Time Routing Selection in Flexible Manufacturing Systems

1993

Routing flexibility is one of the main peculiarities of Flexible Manufacturing Systems. This paper proposes three methods for real-time routing selection. The first one makes decisions comparing the current workload of machines in each alternative path. The second method considers the current workloads at the bottleneck machines in each allowed route. The third approach makes real-time decisions minimizing a merit index that represents a measure of the still required resource amount. The index is computed by short discrete-event simulation runs. Some case studies evaluate and compare the proposed approaches.

false

1993

Observers of the past and present noted an extraordinary diversity in the organic world: A snail is different from a river crayfish, which differs from a starfish, which in turn has nothing in common with a lobster or even man.

Funktionen des Magen-Darm-Kanals

1993

Hauptaufgabe des Gastrointestinaltrakts ist es, die aufgenommene Nahrung in resorbierbare Bestandteile umzuwandeln und diese in den Korper aufzunehmen. Diese Vorgange werden durch mechanische Prozesse (Zerkleinerung, Durchmischung, Transport) und die Sekretion von Verdauungssaften mit ihren Enzymen eingeleitet. Durch diese Enzyme werden Eiweise, Fette und Kohlenhydrate hydrolytisch gespalten und in resorbierbare Bruchstucke zerlegt (Verdauung). Die Endprodukte der Verdauung sowie Wasser, Mineralstoffe und Vitamine werden aus dem Darmlumen durch die Darmschleimhaut hindurch in das Blut und die Lymphe aufgenommen (Resorption).

Déclaration de Rio sur la ville

1993

Se trata de la intervención de José Vidal-Beneyto en el simposio "Homme-Ville-Nature: La culture aujourd'hui (Rencontre International)", organizado por la UNESCO en 1993.

‘The Old English Renderings of Latin tabernaculum and tentorium’

1993

Recensione a AA.VV. "Regioni e aree metropolitane", ESI, Torino, 1992

1993

Gli atti del convegno di Genova rappresentano un contributo di grande rilievo nell'ormai articolata letteratura sul governo delle aree metropolitane.

Female Attraction Behaviour of Radio Tagged Polyterritorial Pied Flycatcher Males

1993

AbstractPolygynous mating is costly for pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca) females. Thus, females have a good reason to attempt to avoid mating with already mated polyterritorial males. One cue to disclose a male's mating status is his behaviour. The behaviour of polyterritorial and unmated males was studied by radio tagging that allows accurate recording of male movements. While attracting a secondary female polyterritorial males spent significantly less time on the secondary territory than did unmated males on their single territory. Polyterritorial males also tended to have lower song rates. When a female appeared on the secondary territory of polyterritorial males, they increased the …

Photons and Lepton Pairs — The Deep Probes of Quark-Gluon Plasma

1993

Photons and lepton pairs are close to the ideal probes to study the dynamics of the dense system of strongly interacting quanta expected to be produced in ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions1,2. Electromagnetic interactions are strong enough to lead to a detectable signal from the secondary collisions of final state particles, yet, they are weak enough to let the emitted photons and leptons to escape from the finite nuclear system without further interactions. Thus, the spectra of photons and dileptons from the dense phase of the collision can provide information on the properties of the constituents and on their momentum distributions.

Technology and Human Nature

1993

We are currently faced with an almost uncontrolled acceleration in the expansion of various technologies. This enormous expansion influences human beings in different ways. Technology can modify existing capabilities, create new ones, and even eliminate abilities that existed previously. Technology thus has numerous repercussions on human nature.

Age 17–22 Years

1993

The Xenopus Oocyte as an Ectopic Expression System for the Selection of Protein Isoform-Specific Antibodies

1993

A panel of Xenopus oocytes, each injected with cRNA coding for one specific isoform of the rat brain RCK family of voltage gated potassium channel proteins, was employed to screen for isoform-specific monoclonal antibodies. Several days after injection, cryosections of embedded oocytes were produced and were employed in immunohistochemical analysis of antibody binding. Of the advantageous properties of the assay, it employs the native antigen, it can be applied to homooligomeric and heterooligomeric proteins, and cryosections of the same batch can be stored frozen for later tests. The method may be advantageous also for the selection of isoform-specific antibodies of other protein families.

Cloning of Several Genes Coding for Retinoic Acid Nuclear Receptors in the Mouse Embryonal Carcinoma Cell Line PCC7–MZ1

1993

Mouse embryonal carcinoma cell line PCC7-Mz1 can be induced by retinoic acid (RA) to differentiate into several well defined phenotypes of neuroectodermal origin (Lang, E. et al. (1989) J. Cell. Biol. 109, 2481-2493). Several subclones of the cell line (clonal variants) differ from each other in their developmental potential. To test whether these differences in cellular fate are due to somatic mutations in specific genes of these cells, we have cloned full length cDNAs coding for the alpha 1 and beta 2 isoforms, and partial length cDNAs coding for the alpha 2, beta 1 and beta 3 isoforms of the retinoic acid nuclear receptor (RAR). The cloned cDNAs did not differ in sequence from those of n…

Quantitative analysis of elastic recoil after balloon angioplasty and after intracoronary implantation of balloon-expandable Palmaz-Schatz stents.

1993

AbstractObjectives. The purpose of this study was to measure elastic recoil from sequential angiograms after balloon angioplasty and after implantation of a balloon-expandable Palmaz-Schatz stent in the same patient, and to compare the results with the late angiographic outcome.Background. The immediate result of coronary balloon angioplasty is influenced by plastic deformation, primarily of the atherosclerotic plaque, and by elastic recoil, primarily of the less or nondiseased vessel circumference,Methods. The extent of elastic recoil was measured quantitatively as the difference between maximal balloon size and the resulting vessel diameter or cross-sectional area.Results. Analysis was pe…

La educación de la mujer en el franquismo y su evolución en Valencia (1951-1970)

1993

El nacional-catolicismo cuenta entre sus principios ideológicos con la separación estricta de la sociedad en razón del género. Este constructo atraviesa y determina toda la organización social y, como parte de ella, el aparato educativo. Existirán dos maneras de educar a los ciudadanos según se trate de hombres o mujeres. Se trata de realizar un seguimiento y análisis de la evolución de la educación de las mujeres durante el franquismo en la etapa histórica del predesarrollismo y el desarrollismo que comprende la que como colectivo recibieron (educación de las mujeres) y la destinada a modelarlas según unos estereotipos determinados (educación como mujeres). Cabe destacar que no existe un ú…

Volcanic rocks from the Bolivian Altiplano: Insights into crustal structure, contamination, and magma genesis: Comment and Reply

1993

Precursors of aza-macrocycles: Characterization of substituted phenanthrolines and related bases. Crystal and molecular structure of dichloro-d i-n-b…

1993

The synthesis, characterization and 1~ NMR spectra of some substituted 1,lO-phenantrolines are described. These are precursors of azacyclophanes which are, along with their metal complexes, insoluble in polar solvents. It is suggested that the use of substituted 2,2’, 6,6’ -bipyrimidines as precursors would lead to soluble macrocycles. The crystal and molecular structure of dichloro-di-n-butyl(2,2’,6,6’-bipyr

false

1993

From his studies on Invertebrate animals and fossils in the vicinity of Paris, J.-B. de Lamarck (1744–1829) formulated a number of conclusions in his Zoological Philosophy [1] (1809), the first coherent theory of evolution. However, in contrast to commonly held belief, this was not based purely on speculation, but was progressively elaborated.

A New Min-Max Optimisation Approach for Fast Learning Convergence of Feed-Forward Neural Networks

1993

One of the most critical aspect for a wide use of neural networks to real world problems is related to the learning process which is known to be computational expensive and time consuming.

Liturgia y monarquía. La legitimación del poder monárquico en la Valencia barroca

1993

El estudio de las ceremonias religiosas celebradas en la Valencia del siglo XVII con motivo de acontecimientos relacionados con la Monarquía es el objetivo de este trabajo. Nacimientos, bodas o fallecimientos de reyes, reinas o príncipes son motivo de celebración dada su importancia política. Así, la evolución monárquica interna y la situación internacional del Estado bien merecen una oración. Ésta tiene su razón de ser en el contexto de un pensamiento político basado en la idea del origen divino del poder real, en la estrecha relación entre Monarquía y Religión, y en el marco mental de la espiritualidad barroca. Es éste, por tanto, un recorrido por las formas de expresión de la sacralizaci…

ISOLTRAP: A tandem penning trap mass spectrometer for radioactive isotopes

1993

The masses of over sixty short-lived Rb, Sr, Cs, Ba, Fr and Ra isotopes have been measured at the on-line mass separator ISOLDE at CERN/Geneva by determination of their cyclotron frequency in the tandem Penning trap system ISOLTRAP. Resolving powers exceedingm/Δm(FWHM)=106 and accuracies of typically δm/m=10−7 could be achieved. ISOLTRAP can also act as an isomer separator, as proven for the cases of84Rb and78Rb.

Normabweichungen der Frontalhirnfunktion bei gesunden Angehörigen schizophrener Patienten

1993

Verschiedene Untersuchungsmethoden (MRT, rCBF) weisen auf eine Assoziation zwischen frontalen Hirnarealen und der Schizophrenie hin. In diesem Zusammenhang ist jedoch ungeklart, ob die postulierte Beteiligung des Frontalhirns eine Folge oder ein pramorbides Charakteristikum der Schizophrenie darstellt.

Dispersion des prix et experiences Une étude de l'équilibre d'un marché à générations de clients en information imparfaite

1993

RésuméNous proposons de fonder la dispersion des prix sur l'écart entre les horizons passés (les «expériences») des différentes générations de clients. L'argument de base est simple : la vieille génération dotée d'une certaine connaissance du marché sera naturellement plus exigeante que les jeunes qui ne savent rien encore. Nous nous plaçons dans un modèle à générations imbriquées. Supposant d'abord la population constante, nous caractérisons l'équilibre de marché. Puis, supposant la population variable, nous apprécions l'influence de son taux de croissance sur la distribution des prix.

Bohdana Jeżewskiego Archiwum Osobowe Emigracji

1993

Profesors Teodors Celms: biobibliogrāfiskais rādītājs

1993

Saturs: Priekšvārds. Teodora Celms / Dr. Juris Rozenvalds. Profesora T. Celma publicētie darbi. Profesora T. Celma rakstītās recenzijas par grāmatām. Profesora T. Celma lekciju atreferējumi. Profesora T. Celma manuskripti. Profesora T. Celma rediģētie darbi. Raksti par profesoru T. Celmu. Profesora T. Celma publicētie darbi, viņa lekciju atreferējumi un manuskripti (alfabētiskais rādītājs). Personu rādītājs.

Emtrevista con Stephen E. Toulmin.

1993

El texto que sigue reproduce -prácticamente sin ninguna alteración- la entrevista oral realizada por los autores a Stephen E. Toulmin, con ocasión de la estancia de este último en Madrid, en diciembre de 1992, para participar en el congreso sobre Las crisis de la justicia, organizado por el Consejo General del Poder Judicial. La traducción castellana ele la grabación magnetofónica corrió a cargo de Manuel Jiménez Redondo.

Un révélateur des transformations spatiales: les migrations alternantes

1993

Sous le terme "migrations alternante" se cache une réalité de la vie quotidienne, puisque ces migrations recensent les déplacements journaliers entre le domicile et le lieu de travail. Ces flux traduisent la force d'attraction des villes et sa portée sur les campagnes environnantes et d'autant plus d'ailleurs qu'ils sont en général générateurs de flux complémentaires : on comprend fort bien qu'un homme ou une femme résidant dans une périphérie rurale et travaillant en ville aura tendance à y scolariser ses enfants, à y faire ses achats, à en consommer les loisirs. Importants en eux-mêmes, ces flux de migrants alternants contribuent à l'établissement d'un dense réseau relationnel entre une v…